《否定用法小結(jié)》PPT課件.ppt

1、否定的用法,一、not與no,not使句子或句子的一部分的語意變成否定。 Her mother is a nurse, not a doctor. 她媽媽是護(hù)士，不是醫(yī)生。 Im interested in physics, but not in chemistry. 我對(duì)物理有興趣，但對(duì)化學(xué)沒興趣。 Who took my notebook?Not me.誰拿了我的筆記本？ 不是我。 I got 80 percent on my test.Not bad我考80分。 不錯(cuò)喔。 no是形容詞。 no + 名詞 not是副詞，通常不直接放在名詞前面。 not a/any = no I have

2、no money. = I dont have any money. 我沒有錢。 There are not any apples on the tree. = There are no apples on the tree. 樹上沒有蘋果。 He is not a fool. = He is no fool. 他不是傻瓜。 I wont tell anybody about the secret. = I will tell nobody about the secret. 我不會(huì)把這個(gè)秘密告訴任何人,二、either與too,I dont like carrot, and I dont l

3、ike celery, either. 我不喜歡紅蘿卜，也不喜歡芹菜。 I seldom go to concerts. Me either. 我很少去聽音樂會(huì)。 我也是。 I have nothing to do with it. Me either. 我跟那件事無關(guān)。 我也是,三、表示否定意思的前綴：un-, in-, im-, dis-, mis-等,un- unhappy(不快樂), unmarried(未婚的), uncomfortable (不舒服的) in- incorrect(不正確的), inconvenient(不方便的), incredible(難以置信的) im- im

4、possible(不可能), immature(不成熟的), immortal(不朽的) dis- disagree(不同意), dishonesty(不誠(chéng)實(shí)), disease(疾病) mis- mislead(誤導(dǎo)), misfortune(不幸), misjudge(判斷錯(cuò)誤,四、否定代詞的用法,neither表示對(duì)兩者的否定，可以與介詞of 連用；none 表示三者或三者以上沒有一個(gè)，通常用how many/how much提問,一般有范圍，可以構(gòu)成none of；nothing表示什么都沒有，指物，用what提問；nobody和no one表示沒有人，用who 提問。如： She h

5、as taken a lot of medicines, but none (of them) has cured her disease. Tom is going abroad for study, but neither of his parents are in favor of his plan. -Who are you speaking to? -No one./Nobody. 提示 ：Neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞, 表示后者和前者一樣不其相反的結(jié)構(gòu)為so+助動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞, 表示后者和前者一樣。如： I went to school by bike yester

6、day, so did my sister. He wont attend the meeting tomorrow, neither will Mr. White,五、否定前移的用法,英語中的動(dòng)詞如think, believe, expect, guess, imagine, suppose等，如果帶有否定的賓語從句，賓語從句中的否定詞通常提前，用來否定主句的謂語動(dòng)詞。但是如果從句中的否定詞不是not, 而是never, hardly, seldom等時(shí)，則不適用于這個(gè)原則，如： I am sorry, but I dont think /suppose/ believe I know yo

7、u. He doesnt think his neighbor will help him if he is in trouble. I think Tom will never pass the exam because he doesnt work hard. 否定前移時(shí)的反義句:當(dāng)主語為第一人稱I, we時(shí)，通常反問的是從句；而當(dāng)主語不是第一人稱時(shí)，則反問主句。如： I dont think Jim will pass the exam, will he? Tom doesnt believe that his parents will be in support of his plan

8、, does he,六、部分否定用法,含有如all, everybody, everything, always, both等用于否定句時(shí)，是部分否定，翻譯成“不全是，不總是，并不是所有的都”等。如： Not all the teachers are in favor of this new book. =All the teachers are not in favor of this new book,七、隱性否定詞用法,指的是形式上看不到否定詞，但含有一些特殊的詞和詞組來表示否定的意義。這種否定意義的用法隱藏在句子的深層含義中。含有否定意義的詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)有： 1.名詞：absence, f

9、ailure, lack, refusal, ignorance, negation, shortage等。 2.形容詞及形容詞短語：few, little, absent from, short of, far from, free from, free of等。 3.副詞：never, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely等。 4.介詞：against, beyond, butexcept, without, instead of, but for等。 5.動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語：fail, miss, stop/ keep/ preventfrom等。 6.固定結(jié)構(gòu)：

10、tooto, anything but, would ratherthan, by no means, in no way, under no condition 等。,八、否定詞前置用法,否定意義的詞放句首，引起部分倒裝。如： Hardly/Scarcely had we arrived, when it began to rain. Not until yesterday did little John change his mind. By no means will this process be satisfactory. 1. Not until he left his home _to know how important the family was for him. A. did he begin B. had he begun C. he began D. he has began 2.- How was the tel