非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞一、非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語1動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語i stopped the car to take a short break as i was feeling tired.(2013山東高考)由于感到累了，我就停下車稍微休息了一下。2 george returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.(2012 山東高考) 喬治戰(zhàn)后歸來，卻被告知他的妻子已經(jīng)離他而去。3 you will never know how happy i was to see her yesterday.你永遠(yuǎn)

2、不會(huì)知道昨天看到她時(shí)，我是多么高興。this machine is very easy to operate. anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.(2012 遼寧高考)這臺(tái)機(jī)器很容易操作。在幾分鐘內(nèi)任何人都能學(xué)會(huì)使用。規(guī)律總結(jié)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式可以用作目的狀語。注意其他非謂語動(dòng)詞形式不能用作目的狀語。 (2)only to do sth.為不定式作結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。(3) 形容詞或過去分詞作表語時(shí)，后面可接不定式作原因狀語。常見詞有：happy, lucky, glad, sorry, anxious, proud, disap

3、pointed, angry, surprised, ready, delighted, clever, foolish, pleased, fortunate, right 等。(4) 在“主語系動(dòng)詞表語 (形容詞 )to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意 義。該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形容詞有：easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous 等。2分詞作狀語one evening harry phoned me, asking me t

4、o come to his flat as soon as possible.(2014 濟(jì) 南模擬)一天晚上哈里給我打電話，要求我盡快去他家。having arrived early for his date, mark spent time reading the newspaper.(2014 濟(jì)寧一 模)因?yàn)榧s會(huì)到的早了些，馬克讀報(bào)紙來打發(fā)時(shí)間。having been asked to work overtime that evening, i missed a wonderful film.(2012 重慶 高考)我那天晚上因?yàn)楸灰蠹影喽e(cuò)過了一場精彩的電影。seen from t

5、he top of the mountain, the city is very beautiful.從山頂上看，這座城市很漂亮。非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park even more beautiful.從山頂上看，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)公園顯得更加美麗。規(guī)律總結(jié)(1) 作狀語的分詞要求其邏輯主語與句子的主語保持一致。(2) 如句子的主語是分詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，就用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(doing)。(3) 若現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，則用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式 (having doing)。(4) 若與句中主語

6、為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且先于謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在分詞完成時(shí) 的被動(dòng)形式(having been done)。(5) 如句子的主語是分詞動(dòng)作的承受者，則要用過去分詞(done)。3獨(dú)立成分作狀語judging from his accent, he is from hong kong.從口音判斷，他是香港人。considering your health, youd better have a rest.考慮到你的健康，你最好休息一下。規(guī)律總結(jié)有些分詞或不定式短語作狀語，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分。常見 的有：generally speakingfrankly speaking

7、judging from/by .一般來說坦白地說 根據(jù)來判斷considering ./taking . into consideration考慮到to tell you the truth seeing .supposingassuminggivenprovided (that .)說實(shí)話 鑒于/由于 假設(shè)，如果 假使 考慮到，鑒于 如果二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語she pretended not to see me when i passed by.當(dāng)我經(jīng)過時(shí)，她假裝沒看見我。he got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt

8、risk losing the good opportunity.非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用他為這次工作面試做了充分準(zhǔn)備，因?yàn)樗荒苊笆ミ@次好機(jī)會(huì)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。i had great difficulty finding the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.(2010 上海 高考)在那個(gè)餐館，我很難從菜單上找到合適的食物。i still remember being taken to the famen temple and what i saw there.我仍記得別人帶我去過法門寺，并記得在那里所看到的一切。i remembered t

9、o lock the door before i left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.(2012 安徽高考)在離開辦公室前我記著去鎖門，但是忘記了關(guān)燈。規(guī)律總結(jié)1下列動(dòng)詞只能用不定式作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣：決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請求幫一幫。decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help。

10、此外，afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten 等也要用不定式作賓語。2下列動(dòng)詞或詞組只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣：考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想。避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy (想象， 設(shè)想); avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate; forbid,

11、 imagine, risk; cant help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape。3 be used/accustomed to, lead to, devote to, go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, cant stand (無法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, thank . for, apologize for, be busy (in), have difficulty/trouble (in), have a go

12、od/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in) 等短 語和動(dòng)詞詞組后也要用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。4 下列動(dòng)詞或詞組既可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，也可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別， 要特別注意：todo sth.忘記要做某事forgetdoing sth.忘記已經(jīng)做過某事todo sth.對即將做的事表示遺憾(未做)regretdoing sth.對做過的事表示后悔(已做)非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用todo sth.盡力去做某事trydoing sth.試著做某事todo sth.繼續(xù)做另一件事go ondoing sth.繼續(xù)做原來做的事todo sth.記著去做某事

13、(未做)rememberdoing sth.記著做了某事(已做)todo sth.打算做某事meandoing sth. 意味著做某事三、非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)i looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.(2012 四 川高考)我抬頭看，注意到一條蛇正沿樹蜿蜒而上，捕捉它的早餐。i was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.發(fā)現(xiàn)我的家鄉(xiāng)變化如此之大我感到很驚奇。3 let those in need understand

14、that we will go all out to help them.(2013陜西高考) 讓那些需要(幫助)的人明白我們會(huì)盡全力去幫他們。4 claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.(2011陜西高考)克萊兒在飛機(jī)起飛一小時(shí)前對行李進(jìn)行了安檢。he had the light burning all night, which made his parents very angry.他讓燈著了整晚，這使他父母很生氣。alexander tried to get his work recognized in t

15、he medical circles.(2010 遼寧高考) 亞歷山大試圖使他的工作被醫(yī)學(xué)界認(rèn)可。規(guī)律總結(jié)1感官動(dòng)詞(詞組)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel 的賓語補(bǔ)足語有 四種形式，以 see 為例：see賓語doing看見正做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系)do看見做了 being done看見正在被做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)done看見被做 2使役動(dòng)詞 make, let, have, get 后加復(fù)合賓語的情況：(1)make賓語非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用 do讓做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系)

16、 done讓被做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)do讓做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系)(2)let賓語be done讓被做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)(3)have do sth.使做某事 (賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系)賓語 doing sth.使持續(xù)做某事done使被做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)點(diǎn)津 have sth. to do 有事情要做have sb. doing 若用于否定句中，其中 have 有“容忍”之意。(4)get to do使做 (賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系)賓語 doing使開始做done使被做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)四、非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語laura

17、 was away in paris for over a week. when she got home, there was a pile of mail waiting for her.(2013 遼寧高考)勞拉去巴黎待了一周多的時(shí)間。當(dāng)她返回家的時(shí)候，有一大堆郵件等著她(處理)。 tsinghua university, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstandingfigures.(2011 福建高考)建于 1911 年的清華大學(xué)是無數(shù)杰出人物的搖籃。his first book to be published ne

18、xt month is based on a true story.他下月將要出版的第一本書是以一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事為依據(jù)寫的。規(guī)律總結(jié)1 現(xiàn)在分詞 (短語 )作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作 的主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行。2 過去分詞 (短語) 作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的被動(dòng) 和完成。點(diǎn)津 表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞-ing 形式，意為“令人的”；動(dòng)詞-ed 形式，意為“(人)no use/good非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用感到的”，也可修飾體現(xiàn)內(nèi)心感受的 look, expression, tears, smile, voice 等名詞。 3不定式作定語表示未做的事情。

19、五、非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語和表語hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.(2013 浙江高考)聆聽別人對你剛才所讀的書的反應(yīng)會(huì)增加額外的樂趣。it is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。(動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，it 作形式主語)to see is to believe/seeing is believing.眼見為實(shí)。his ambition is to go to harvard university.他的夢想就是上哈佛大學(xué)。the quee

20、ns work is laying eggs.蟻后的工作就是產(chǎn)卵。規(guī)律總結(jié)1 不定式、動(dòng)名詞都可作主語，但動(dòng)名詞作主語多指抽象的、概念性的動(dòng)作，可以是 多次的、經(jīng)常的行為；不定式多表示具體的動(dòng)作，尤其是某一次的動(dòng)作。2 下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語：it is/was not any use/goodof little use/goodworthdoing sth.3 不定式作表語時(shí)，說明主語尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或表示將來的動(dòng)作。4 動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征。六、with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1 john received an invitation to dinner, and with his

21、work finished, he gladly accepted it. 約翰收到一份宴請函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。2 with a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly elected president is having a hard time.因?yàn)橛泻芏嚯y題要解決，這位新任總統(tǒng)的日子不好過。with the little boy leading the way, we had no difficulty finding the village.有小男孩帶路，我們找到這個(gè)村莊沒費(fèi)勁。規(guī)律總結(jié) with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常

22、用形式：非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用sb./sth. doing(表主動(dòng)且進(jìn)行，或表特征)withsth. done(表被動(dòng)且完成，或表狀態(tài))sth. to do(表示將來)七、獨(dú)立主格1 such an able man to help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. 有這么能干的人來幫你，你遲早會(huì)成功的。2 the guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 向?qū)ьI(lǐng)著路，我們毫不費(fèi)勁地走出了森林。3 jim was listening atten

23、tively to the lecture, all his attention fixed upon it. 吉姆專心致志地聽著講座，所有注意力都集中在上面了。4 he came out of the library, (with)a large book under his arm.他夾著本厚書，走出了圖書館。規(guī)律總結(jié)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成形式：不定式(表示動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)v.-ing形式(表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行)名詞或代詞過去分詞(表示被動(dòng)、完成)形容詞/副詞/介詞短語點(diǎn)津 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)從語法上來講不是句子，在句中通常作狀語。具有以下特點(diǎn)： 1獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，不指同一個(gè)人或同一事

24、物；2獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般置于句首，有時(shí)也置于句中或句末?？键c(diǎn)一 非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語1(2013 四川高考)_ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.anot knowingcnot knownbknowing notdknown not解析：選 a 句意：由于不知道上哪所大學(xué)，那個(gè)女孩向她的老師征求意見。分析句子成分可知，the girl 與 know 之間是邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語，且分詞 的否定式是在分詞前加 not。2(2013 湖南高考)_ warm at night, i wo

25、uld fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so i could refill it.astaying bstayed非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用cto stay dstay解析：選 c 句意：為了晚上保暖，我往火爐中添了木柴，又設(shè)置了午夜的鬧鐘以便再 次添加。此處“保暖”是“添加木柴”的目的，所以用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。3 (2013 安徽高考 )_ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.ato fou

26、ndcfoundedbfoundingdhaving founded解析：選 c 句意：這所學(xué)校創(chuàng)建于 20 世紀(jì)初期，它一直激勵(lì)著孩子們對于藝術(shù)的熱 愛。found 與 the school 之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞。故選 c?？键c(diǎn)二 非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語4(2013 北京高考)volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own.achangecchangedbchangingdto change解析：選 d 句意：志愿者活動(dòng)給了你一個(gè)改變?nèi)松臋C(jī)會(huì)，包括你自己的。a chance todo sth.“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”

27、。英語中有些名詞，如 chance, ability, way 等，常用不定式作定語。5(2013 新課標(biāo)全國卷)they might just have a place _ on the writing course why dont you give it a try?aleavecleaving 解析：選 bbleftdto leave句意：他們可能只剩下一個(gè)寫作課的名額了。你為什么不試試呢？ leave與其邏輯主語 a place 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此此處要用 leave 的過去分詞 left 作后置定語。 6(2013 山東高考)the room is empty except fo

28、r a bookshelf _ in one corner.astanding bto standcstands dstood解析：選 a 句意：除了一個(gè)書櫥在墻角外，房間里空空蕩蕩。except for 是介詞短語，其后不能接句子，所以排除 c、d 兩項(xiàng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語，且 a bookshelf 與動(dòng)詞 stand 之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以選 a?？键c(diǎn)三 非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語7(2013 江蘇高考)shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins, the city took on a new

29、look.areducingcbeing reduced非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用breduceddhaving reduced解析：選 c 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處與 suffering from 是 and 連接的兩個(gè)并列成分，在形式上應(yīng)保持一致，又因reduce 與 the city 之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此選being reduced?？键c(diǎn)四 非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語、表語8(2013 福建高考)_basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.aknowncknowingbhaving known

30、dbeing known解析：選 c 句意：了解基本的急救技巧能夠幫助你快速應(yīng)對緊急情況。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中充當(dāng)主語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing 形式。having known 強(qiáng)調(diào)“完成”，不符合句意， 可排除。故選 c。9(2013 重慶高考)the engine just wont start.something seems _ wrong with it.ato gocgoingbto have gone dhaving gone解析：選 b 句意：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)不了了，它好像出問題了。動(dòng)詞 seem 后常接動(dòng)詞不定式，因此 c、d 兩項(xiàng)不正確。由句意可知，go 這一動(dòng)作在 start 之

31、前發(fā)生，故選 b?？键c(diǎn)五 非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)10(2013 北京高考)when we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.ablockcblockingbto blockdblocked解析：選 d 句意：當(dāng)我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家過假期。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“see賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。賓語補(bǔ)足語是 do 形式時(shí)，表示“看見賓語做某事的全過程”；賓語補(bǔ)足語是 doing 形式時(shí)，表示“看見賓語正在做某事”；若賓語補(bǔ)足語與賓語是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，則用過去分詞 done 形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。ro

32、ad 與 block 之間是被 動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選 d。解題技法指導(dǎo)第一步：利用“有無連詞”原則確定是謂語還是非謂語非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷出句子的主干主語和謂語。如果題線處作謂語，則要用謂語動(dòng) 詞，如果題線處不作謂語，則要用非謂語動(dòng)詞。典例 (2013 湖南高考)every day _ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.areadcto readbreadingdreads分析 選 a 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，題干中有連詞 until，until 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，故“_ a proverb aloud s

33、everal times”為主句，此處應(yīng)為祈使句，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。本題應(yīng) 選 a 項(xiàng)。第二步：根據(jù)句意和作用確定句子成分根據(jù)句意和題線處在句子中的位置和作用，確定其所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑瑥亩_定空格內(nèi) 所需填入的非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式。典例 (2013 新課標(biāo)全國卷)the sunlight is white and blinding, _ hard-edged shadows on the ground.athrowingcto throwbbeing thrown dto be thrown分析 根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，題線處應(yīng)作伴隨狀語，且the sunlight 與 throw 之間 為主動(dòng)關(guān)系

34、，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。答案應(yīng)為 a 項(xiàng)。第三步：根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定語態(tài)如果非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作與其邏輯主語之間為主謂關(guān)系則用 v.-ing 形式或不定式的 主動(dòng)式；若為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系則用 v.-ing 形式的被動(dòng)式、不定式的被動(dòng)式或過去分詞。典例 (2013 湖南高考)you cannot accept an opinion _ to you unless it is based on facts.aofferingchaving offeredbto offerdoffered分析 offer 與邏輯主語 an opinion 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，a、b、c 三項(xiàng)都表示主動(dòng)，d 項(xiàng) 為過去分詞表示被動(dòng)

35、， 故選 d 項(xiàng)。第四步：根據(jù)與謂語動(dòng)詞的先后關(guān)系確定時(shí)態(tài)非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前用過去分詞或 v.-ing 形式/不定 式的完成式；如果同時(shí)進(jìn)行用 v.-ing 形式或不定式的進(jìn)行式；如果非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā) 生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之后用不定式的一般式。典例 (2013 新課標(biāo)全國卷)i got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7：30 trainfrom paddington.acaughtcto catch非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用bto have caught dhaving caught分析 由句意可知 catch t

36、he 7：30 train 這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞 got to the office 之前， 故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)。非謂語動(dòng)詞在寫作中的運(yùn)用眾所周知，作文中出現(xiàn)過多的簡單句會(huì)讓人覺得單調(diào)乏味，句子與句子之間的關(guān)系顯得 松散；而文章中過多地出現(xiàn)復(fù)合句又顯得累贅，讀起來費(fèi)勁。恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞對簡單 句和復(fù)合句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，不僅句型多樣，句子活潑，而且讀起來結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，言簡意明。一、運(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句寫作時(shí)，我們可以利用非謂語動(dòng)詞對兩個(gè)簡單句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，使其成為較高級的表達(dá)方式。 轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)可采用三步法。錯(cuò)誤 !示例第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡單句。1 i feel quite sorry for that.

37、2 i begin to think about what to do to help.第二步：讓句作主句，用非謂語動(dòng)詞改寫句。第三步：句表示原因，其動(dòng)詞feel 與主語 i 之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原 因狀語。feeling quite sorry for that, i begin to think about what to do to help.(2013 陜西高考滿分作 文)其他幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下：1另一方面，我將幫著建立英語角，提供給我們學(xué)生一個(gè)練習(xí)英語口語的平臺(tái)。on the other hand, i will help set up the english corn

38、er. i will provide us students a platform to practice our oral english.on the other hand, i will help set up the english corner, providing us students a platform to practice our oral english.(2013天津高考滿分作文)(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)2這兒的人都喜歡湯姆寫的那本小說。all the people here like the novel. it is written by tom.all the peop

39、le here like the novel written by tom.(過去分詞作定語)3我們應(yīng)該多講英語。我們認(rèn)為這是很重要的。we should speak more english. we think it is very important.we think it very important to speak more english.(it 作形式賓語，不定式作真正賓語) 即時(shí)演練 運(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用1we were touched by the teachers words. we decided to work hard.(用過去分詞作狀語)

40、_ 2i didnt receive her letter. i had to write again.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) _ 3the boy came to school late again. this made the teacher very angry.(用動(dòng)名詞作主語) _ 4the boys were making the most of time. they wanted to finish the work earlier.(用不定式作目的狀語) _ 5i saw an old granny. she lay on the ground. i went over to h

41、elp her.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) _ 二、運(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句 用非謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句比轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句要容易一些，因?yàn)樾柁D(zhuǎn)換的一般是從句部分，這時(shí)只需要判斷用何種非謂語動(dòng)詞，再把握好時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)即可，所以只需兩步。示例第一步：寫出復(fù)合句。after we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner.第二步：把 after 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語動(dòng)詞，practice 與 we 之間為主謂關(guān) 系，且表示完成，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)作狀語。havin

42、g practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner.(2013湖南高考滿分作文)其他幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下：1驚詫于他們的熟練程度，我決心要像他們一樣好。because i was amazed at how skillful they were, i determined to be just as good.amazed at how skillful they were, i determined to be just as good.(2013 浙江高考滿分作

43、文)(過去分詞作狀語)2看到一輛車朝她而來，我伸出手把她拉了回來。when i saw a car running towards her, i reached my hand out and pulled her back.seeing a car running towards her, i reached my hand out and pulled her back.(2013 安徽 高考滿分作文)(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)3這里曾有一家化肥廠，位于城市的南邊。它每天釋放出大量有毒氣體，污染環(huán)境。 there was a large factory, which produced fertil

44、izer. every day it gave out a lot ofpoisonous gas, which polluted the environment.there was a large factory, which produced fertilizer. every day it gave out a lot of非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用poisonous gas, polluting the environment.簡析：“原句”中分別由 which 引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)定語從句，重復(fù)且單調(diào)，將第二個(gè)定語從句轉(zhuǎn) 換為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語后，不僅表達(dá)多樣，而且言簡意明。4由于老師的幫助，我的英

45、語進(jìn)步很大。因?yàn)槲业挠⒄Z進(jìn)步很大，我確信我能考上更 好的大學(xué)。because my teacher helps me, my english has greatly improved. because my english has greatly improved, im sure i will go to a better university.with my teacher helping me, my english has greatly improved. because my english has greatly improved, im sure i will go to a

46、better university.簡析：“原句”兩處重復(fù)出現(xiàn)由 because 引導(dǎo)的從句，讀起來很別扭。換用“with現(xiàn) 在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”后，讀起來給人的感覺大不一樣。即時(shí)演練 運(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句1as soon as they saw a few people still in the burning house, they rushed into it to save them without hesitation._ they rushed into it to save them without hesitation.2we think it is necessary th

47、at middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think that it is possible that they can master one.we think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think3i took part in the meeting, which was held in beijing last friday. it was ve

48、ry instructive, which was hosted by a manager who came to our company yesterday.i took part in the meeting _last friday. it was very instructive, which was hosted by a manager_yesterday.4mother went to work in a hurry, and she didnt have breakfast. she was as busy as a bee these days and came back h

49、ome very late.mother went to work in a hurry_. she was as busy as a bee these days, _.三、運(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換短文(根據(jù)一般表達(dá)寫出該短文的高級表達(dá))北京市有大量的出租車司機(jī)，他們每天全心全意地為乘客服務(wù)，對北京市的交通發(fā)揮著 重要作用。他們起早貪黑，賺錢養(yǎng)家糊口。有一次，我下車時(shí)不小心把手機(jī)忘在了車上，但 當(dāng)我和司機(jī)同志聯(lián)系上之后，他立即開車把手機(jī)送到了我的家門口，讓我感動(dòng)不已。一般表達(dá)：there are a large number of taxi drivers in beijing. they serve passengers heart and soul. they play an important part in the traffic of beijing.they make some money. they work from dawn till night. one day, i left my cellphone in the taxi i took. i got in touch with the driver. he非謂語動(dòng)詞寫作中的運(yùn)用drove to my home and gave it back to me. i was very excit