小學英語閱讀理解的解題技巧.doc

1、小學英語閱讀理解的解題技巧:（一）、閱讀理解一般分為故事幽默類、說明、科普類等。1故事幽默類一般前面都在為幽默做鋪墊，只有讀到最后才能顯現出幽默之出來。這類短文一般難度不大，認真閱讀，仔細選擇，問題都可以解決，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等2小學的說明,科普類短文都十分淺顯,只要具備一點科普常識都會讀懂的,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,即使文章較長,問題也十分明顯，從文中都能找到答案.同學可動手做做下題：根據短文內容選擇答案.1.Sam is very good at school, but

2、he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.”“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.“Eggs” says his u

3、ncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”()(1).Who is Sam? A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.()(2) Whats the Chinese for “dirty”? A. Its “ 臟的“. B Its “干凈的” C Its

4、“壞的 “ D Its “好的”()(3) Whats on Sams face and mouth? A Eggs. B SoapC Water D Bread()(4) Which of these is not wrong? A Sam doesnt wash his face and hands every day. B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning. C Sam doesnt like eggs at all. D. Sam doesnt know his uncle.（二）、解題時有以下幾種方法：（1）略讀法：關鍵是

5、在能抓住文章要點的前提下以個人最快的速度閱讀，獲得足夠的信息以便準確地回答有關文章主旨和大意的問題。要特別注意文章首尾兩段，第一段往往點明文章主題或作者意圖，而最后一段則常?？偨Y歸納或重述文章的主要內容。要學會尋找文章段落的主題句，因為把每段主題句的意思綜合起來實際上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主題句也可能出現在段落中間或結尾。（2）查閱法：考生可以不需要閱讀整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以閱讀就行。查閱法主要用于獲得具體的信息，即誰、什么、什么時間、什么地點、什么原因以及如何發(fā)生等有關或者具體的數字。（3）同義互釋法：在小學升學考試中有些深層理解或者判斷推理的問題可以采用同

6、義互釋法。（4）判斷推理法：有時4個題項中不止一個可以作為答案項，這時就應該意識到該題是一個判斷推理題。要根據文章的主旨和作者的意圖，選擇比較，去偽存真，選出切合文章主旨和作者意圖的最佳答案。（三）、同學們在做閱讀理解時應注意的問題有哪些？、弄清文章體裁，快速理解文章。對不同體裁的文章，要根據其體裁特點，運用不同的方法快速閱讀，正確理解。記敘文一開始交待人物、時間、地點、事件，然后詳細敘述原因。議論文中，作者先提論點，再加以分析，或舉例論證，得出結論。說明文中，作者先提出說明對象，然后從時間、空間、用途、方法、步驟等不同側面加以說明。、仔細研讀首尾句，預測文中細節(jié)。小學升學考試英語文章往往隱去

7、了標題，這給抓文章中心帶來了困難。然而，英語的寫作特點一般是按總-分-總這一思路來寫的。因此，研讀首、尾句，不但可以幫助考生抓住文章的內容，還可以揣測作者的態(tài)度、意圖，從而進一步猜出作者著重要寫的細節(jié)。、略讀選答，帶問閱讀。做英語閱讀理解題時，首先應瀏覽一遍所提問題及選項，然后帶著這些問題有目的、有針對性地閱讀文章。、聯系生活常識，及早排除錯誤選項。閱讀理解中四個選項，有時有一個或兩個與常識或其他學科中所學的知識不相符。我們可先將其排隊在閱讀中對所剩下的選項進行篩選就容易多了。5、解題前要仔細通讀全文，遇到難解的詞組和句子不要急躁，盡量根據上下文悟出其義，解題時要帶著問題讀查短文分析判斷，整題

8、解完后要認真復查。6、注意不要改變自己的閱讀習慣。有的考生先看題目后看文章，有的先看文章再看題目，你平時怎么練，考試就怎么做。臨時改變自己的習慣效果往往不好。其次，看清楚題目是概括中心型還是推理判斷性。概括某一段的中心時注意這一段的首句和尾句；推理判斷題要注意題目問的是作者的態(tài)度，不是你的態(tài)度。（四）、判斷正誤。 對于閱讀試題中的判斷正誤題，相對比較簡單，但學生的出錯率仍然較大，究其原因，學生不懂判斷的方法，通常是讀完試題之后，憑著自己對閱讀文章的大致印象判斷。事實上判斷試題與選擇、填空的做題方法基本一致，仍需找出試題中的關鍵詞，帶著關鍵詞，在文中尋找所需信息，然后仔細判斷是否與文中信息一致，

9、如一致則正確，反之錯誤。試題：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在試題中尋找關鍵詞：Mary，sick, Mother，doctor.帶著這些關鍵詞，在文章中尋找。由于這是閱讀文章的第一個試題，所以我們將答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: “Mary, Lets go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, “Im not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此題與文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正確。最后一題

10、：The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一題，信息基本在文章的末斷，我們只需將信息定位于文章的末斷或上一試題信息之后，同樣帶著關鍵詞shot尋找。文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.試題中：not hurt at all與 not hurt much不相符，所以錯誤。練習閱讀理解：根據短文內容選擇合適的答案，將編號填在括號里（1）It is a sunny day this Sunday. I usually go shopping with my mother

11、on Sunday. Sometimes I climb mountains. Thats fun. But not this Sunday. Because the weather report says its going to rain next Sunday. I cant climb mountains in the rain. I cant go shopping either. So I want to read books at home. ( ) 1 What is the weather like this Sunday? A .It is Sunday. B .It is

12、 fine. C .It is rainy. ( ) 2 What do you do on Sunday? A .I climb hills. B .I go hiking. C .I read books. ( ) 3 Can you climb mountains this Sunday? A .Yes, I can. B .No, I cant. C .No, Im not. ( ) 4 Do you go shopping on Sunday? A .Yes, I am. B .Yes, I do. C .No, Im not. ( ) 5 What do you want to d

13、o next Sunday? A I want to read books. B I want to watch TV. C I want to go shopping.（2）Mr Brown lives in a nice house in a small town with his wife(妻子) , Mrs Brown. From Monday to Friday he works in an office near his house. He is free on Saturdays and Sundays. He has a nice garden beside his house

14、. He likes growing flowers and he often works in the garden on Saturdays and Sundays. The flowers are very beautiful and Mrs Brown likes them very much. She often helps Mr Brown. ( )1. Mr Brown lives in _with his wife. A. a city B. a small town C. a big town ( )2. He works_ days a week in his office

15、. A. four B. five C. six ( )3. He isnt _on Saturdays and Sundays. A. free B. busy C. happy ( )4. He likes _ on Saturdays and Sundays. A. working in his garden B. walking in his gardon C. looking at his garden ( )5. Mrs Brown _ the flowers. A. like B. doesnt like C. often helps （3）One day Mr. and Mrs

16、. White go shopping by car. They stop their car near a store. They buy a lot of things and they want to put the things in the car. But Mr. White cant open the door of the car, so they ask a policeman to help them. The policeman is very friendly to help them. Just then a man comes up and shouts: “Wha

17、t are you doing with my car?” Mr. and Mrs. White take a look at the cars number and they are frozen there. It isnt their car. ( ) 1. Mr. and Mrs. White drive for _. A. fishing B. shopping C. business( ) 2. They stop their car _. A. at the parking spot B. near the sea C. near the store( ) 3. They wan

18、t to put the things _. A. in a big bag B. in their car C. in others car( ) 4. Mr. White cant open the car, so _.A. they walk home B. they ask a policeman to help C. they call a taxi閱讀理解：判斷下列句子意思與短文意思是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示（1）Today is February 3rd. The weather is windy and cold. I get many cards today. Theyr

19、e birthday cards. Theyre from my friends. Can you guess why? I wear my new red coat and blue jeans. Theyre very pretty. My mother take me to the zoo.I can see many animals. Im very happy today. ( ) 1.My birthday is February 3rd. ( ) 2.Its windy and snowy today. ( ) 3.I can see many trees at the zoo.

20、 ( ) 4.I have a new coat. Its blue. ( ) 5.I have many birthday cards.（2）My name is Tom. My birthday is June 2nd. The weather is sunny and hot. Its my favourite season. On my birthday, I usually have a birthday party. Sometimes we have a picnic. Tomorrow is my birthday. I am cleaning the room now. My

21、 mom is making a birthday cake for me. ( )1.Toms birthday is on Childrens Day. ( )2.Its warm and sunny in summer. ( )3. Today is June 1st. ( )4. Toms mother can make a birthday cake. ( )5.Usually there is a birthday party on Toms birthday. （3）Hello. My name is Millie. Im thirteen years old. Im a good boy. I often play volleyball so .Im