2019高考英語精編優(yōu)選練：閱讀理解提升練 精編優(yōu)選練(十九)

1、精編優(yōu)選練(十九)閱讀理解詞句猜測題1(限時：25分鐘)aformanyanimalsintheocean,crabs(螃蟹)arefood.howcantheystayoffthedinnermenu?solution.”fromonetypeofcrab,knownasthedecoratorcrab,hasfoundaclever“decoratesititself.decoratorcrabsuseseaweedorseaspongestoprotectthemselvesenemies.naturalmorethan100typesofdecoratorcrabsarefoundwo

2、rldwide.onetype,commonlycalledthelongnosespidercrab,takesdecoratingtoawholenewlevel.just(but，“myoriginalthoughtwasthattheymighttrytolooklikeapieceofseaweedtoblendinto融入)thebackground”saysdr.jaystachowicz,fromtheuniversityofcalifornia.hesoonnoticedsomethingodd.butpickystactheoceanfloorwascoveredinsea

3、weed,thesecrabswouldntusejustanykindtheyfound.“theywerevery,very，”saysdr.howicz.“theywerepickingthingsthatwerefairlyuncommon.”ofdr.stachowicznoticedthatlongnosespidercrabswouldpickupapieceandseaweedattachittotheirback.sometimestheywouldjusteatit.thesecrabswerechoosingtodecoratetastingthemselveswiths

4、eaweedthathasapeppery-chemicalinit.mostfishfindthischemicalunappetizing.spiderof，saysdr.pickingtherightdecoratingmaterialisimportanttothelongnosechancescrabssurvival.“ifthecrabsjustdecoratedthemselvestolooklikethebackground,theywouldbegivingtheirnaturalenemiesalittlesidesaladwiththe”maincoursestacho

5、wicz.butbycarefullychoosingthepepperyseaweed,thesedecoratorcrabscanmaketheirnaturalenemiesstayawayfromthem.putof(oncealongnosespidercrabhastogetheragoodsuit“seaweedarmor盔甲)”toforaaasmartprotectitself,itisset“whenwhile.crableavesitsoldshellnaturally,ithastoredecorate.itoftenusesseaweedfromitsoldshell

6、todecoratethenewone.what！”saysanimalitisdr.stachowicz.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種屬于裝飾蟹的蜘蛛蟹，它們把偽裝自己的本領(lǐng)發(fā)展到了一個新的境界它們通過食用一種讓其捕食者沒有食欲的海草或用這些海草裝扮自己的蟹殼來躲避危險。wordin1whatdoestheunderlined“odd”paragraph3mean?adangerous.cundisturbed.bridiculous.dunexpected.to及”解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在的第三段中的“myoriginalthoughtwasthattheymightj

7、usttrytolooklikeapieceofseaweedblendintothebackground第四段中的“thesecrabswouldntusejustanykindtheyfound.theywerevery,verypicky，saysdr.fairly”stachowicz.theywerepickingthingsthatwereuncommon.可知，stachowicz博士一開始認(rèn)為這種蜘蛛蟹會把自己裝扮得跟周圍的環(huán)境一樣來躲避捕食者，但后來他發(fā)現(xiàn)它們會挑選特定的海草來偽裝自己。它們?nèi)绱说靥籼?，這是他“意想不到的”。答案：d2whatsthelongnosespide

8、rcrabssurvivalsecret?adontmove.bdontbealone.cdontlooktasty.ddontapproachseaweed.解析：推理判斷題。文章第五、六段講長鼻蜘蛛蟹的求生技巧。根據(jù)第五段中的“thesehaschemical及第六段”thmake知，”crabswerechoosingtodecoratethemselveswithseaweedthattastingpeppery-init.mostfishfindthischemicalunappetizing.中的“butbycarefullychoosingthepepperyseaweed,es

9、edecoratorcrabscantheirnaturalenemiesstayawayfrom可them.長鼻蜘蛛蟹會特意選擇一種有胡椒味的海草，這種味道讓它的捕食者們望而卻步，所以長鼻蜘蛛蟹的生存技巧就是不要讓自己看起來那么美味。a、b項文中未提及，而d項描述與原文不符，長鼻蜘蛛蟹就是要靠海草偽裝自己。答案：c3whatdiddr.stachowiczfindoutaboutlongnosespidercrabs?atheyfightwithfishoverfood.btheyrecycletheirdecorations.ctheyaresensitivetotheirenemies.

10、dtheyarechoosyabouttheenvironment.，ithas”可thenewone.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“whenacrableavesitsoldshellnaturallytoredecorate.itoftenusesseaweedfromitsoldshelltodecorate知，當(dāng)蜘蛛蟹蛻殼的時候，它也需要更換它的偽裝物，而它通常會把舊殼上的海草拿下來放到新殼上以再次利用。答案：b4whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?adangerstocrabscpreciousdecorationsbacrabscleversuit

11、dsurvivalofthefittestt解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段中的“oneypeofcrab，knownasthedecoratorcrab,has和“one以及”foundacleversolution.”type,commonlycalledthelongnosespidercrab,takesdecoratingtoawholenewlevel.文中對長鼻蜘蛛蟹用海草偽裝自己的描述可知，本文主要講述了一種會對自己進(jìn)行聰明偽裝的螃蟹，故b項最適合作標(biāo)題。答案：bbmoretheirwiththeaverageamericangoingthroughthan700poundsofp

12、aperperyear,manyfirmsarelookingforwaystodiscourageemployeesfromover-usingtheofficeprinter.toshibaamericabusinesssolutionshascomeupwithanalternativeidea.ithase-introducedthestudio4508lp,aprinterthatgivesuserstheoptiontoprintwitherasabletoner(墨粉)allowingasinglepieceofpapertobereusedseveraltimes.toreus

13、eapieceofpaper,theprinterbasicallyusesthesameprocessasanormalprinter,inreverse(反過來),saidbillmelo,chiefmarketingexecutivefortoshibaamericabusiness丟棄)(solutions.paperprintedwiththeerasabletonerisfedbackintotheprinter,superheated,andtonergetsremovedandputinadiscardtank.thereareacoupleofcatches.allofthe

14、printoutsusingtheerasabletonerhavetobeinbtheoverupink,whichistheonlycolorinwhicherasabletonerisnowavailable.andthecompanysaidthatpeoplemaywanttostopreusingprintoutsafterfivetimesthroughtheeraserbecausesmalltracesoferasedtextwillbuildtime.the$15,420printerisaimedatofficesandschools,wherethereareoften

15、largenumbersofprintoutsthatoutlivetheirusefulnessquickly.withtheerasabletoner,itspossibletoloadanyshort-livedhandoutsbackontotheprintertobeerasedandthenreused.still,convincingcustomerstocommittoerasabletonerisntalwayseasy.melosaidnotallcustomerswerehappyaboutonlyhavingtheerasableoption.themodel,melo

16、said,shouldbetterservetheneedsofthosewhowanttobeenvironmentallyconsciousbutalsomayneedsomethingmorepermanentonoccasion.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。你聽說過可重復(fù)擦寫的環(huán)保打印機(jī)嗎？該項技術(shù)通過打印機(jī)內(nèi)的高溫加熱可使文字和圖案褪色，從而將打印紙變成可重復(fù)利用的新紙張。5whatsspecialabouttoshibasprinter?low-aitspriced.citslightweight.eco-bitsfashionable.ditsfriendly.。由此知，解析：推理

17、判斷題。該題問的是toshiba公司的打印機(jī)有什么特別之處。那么我們直接定位到第二段中對該打印機(jī)的描述aprinterthatgivesuserstheoptiontoprintwitherasabletonerallowingasinglepieceofpapertobereusedseveral可times這款打印機(jī)可以讓用戶反復(fù)使用紙張。因此，該打印機(jī)不同于其他同類產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn)是環(huán)保。答案：d6whatsthekeytomakingtheprinterwork?aadiscardtank.blightcoloredink.cspecialwritingpaper.dahighenought

18、emperature.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段介紹打印機(jī)的具體工作原理。根據(jù)該段的描述可知，該打印機(jī)重復(fù)使用紙張的流程為：打印過的紙張放入打印機(jī)進(jìn)行過熱原有的打印油墨被消除并進(jìn)入丟棄箱。由此不難看出，在打印機(jī)的使用過程中最關(guān)鍵的是要消除原有的打印油墨，那么這個過程主要是靠“過熱”這個環(huán)節(jié)來實現(xiàn)。答案：dword”7whatdoestheunderlined“catchesinparagraph4mean?atheories.cdifferences.bproblems.dcharacteristics.ink”以及知可，些是列解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該段中的“havetobeinblue，“st

19、opreusingtheprintoutsafterfivetimes”“smalltracesoferasedtextwillbuildupover這time”舉的問題。答案：b8howdidthepublicrespondtotheprinter?atheyaskedformorepatterns.bsomeexpresseddissatisfaction.csomeworriedaboutitsrecycling.dtheyconsideredithardtooperate.”解析：推理判斷題。文章最后兩段是公眾對該款打印機(jī)的反應(yīng)以及該公司首席銷售主管的回應(yīng)。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“notal

20、litscustomerswerehappyaboutonlyhavingtheerasableoption可知，有人對此款打印機(jī)提出了不滿。答案：bctrippingyoudashthroughacrowdedrailwaystation,overbags,spilling(潑出)yourcoffee,onlytohavethedoorsslideshutinyourface,leavingyoubreathlessontheplatformatrainpullsaway.francebutatleast,ifyourein，someonemaybeplayingthepianoforyou

21、.butitwontbeperformedbyapaidmusician,orevenastreetentertainerplayingforcoins.itwilljustbearandompasser-by,jammingforthefunofitononeofthepianosthatthenationalrailroadcompany,sn.c.f.,hasfixedinnearly100stationsacrossfrance.theyarefreeforanyonetoplay,andtravelersfromallwalksoflifehavetakentodoingjustth

22、at.sgares&connexions,then.c.f.divisionthatmanagesitsstations,rentstheinstrumentsfromtheproducer,yamaha,whichmaintains(維修)themandtunesthemeverymonthortwo.thefirstonewassetupinthegaremontparnasseinparisin2012.themusic,mixedwiththesoundsofshoutingpassengers,screamingtrainsandrollingsuitcases,givesfrenc

23、hstationsaspecialsoundscape.theamateurmusicianshaveincludedirishsoccerfansandevenbabies.in2014,gares&connexionsandyamahaorganizedanationwidecontestcalledyourturntoplay,askingparticipantstosubmitvideosofthemselvesusingoneothepianos.itdrewnearly900entries.，saidisnttherailroadcompanytakingabigchance?ap

24、parentlynot.“noneoftheinstrumentshasbeenvandalizedtothisday,orevenmerely”damagedclairefournon,aspokeswomanforgares&connexions.“theyaresharedandrespectedbyall.”soifyoumissatraininparis,bordeauxormarseilleoneday,perhapssomeonewillbeplayingafavoritepiecethatwilleaseyourpain.orperhapsyoullsitdownandplay

25、yourannoyanceawayyourself.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。在法國的許多火車站都安裝了鋼琴供來往的人們彈奏。如果你錯過火車，不妨停下來聽一首鋼琴曲。9whydidgares&connexionsfixpianosinrailwaystations?atoadvertiseyamahasproducts.btomakestationsmoreattractive.ctolettravelershavearelaxingtrip.dtolistentomusiconceinawhile.和you”以可知解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“someonemaybeplayingthepianofor“itwilljustbearandompasserby,jammingforthefunofitononeofthepianos”及“theyarefreeforanyonetoplay”，法國國家鐵路公司在火車站放置鋼琴，意在讓過往的人們彈奏娛樂。答案：c10whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?athecontesthasprovedahit.bthe