初中英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句講與練

1、初中英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句講與練賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句三要素：連詞、語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)。一、連詞1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：i think (that) having enough sleep is good for you.i am sure (that) our team will win the match.he said (that) he wanted to stay at home.2.由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接

2、副詞when, where, why, how，how many, how long等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如：he didnt tell me when he would come back.i am thinking about how i can deal with the matter.do you know whose bike is the newest?can you tell me who(whom) our teacher in taking with? with whom our teacher is talking?3.由if或

3、whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：i want to know if(whether) he lives there.could you tell me if(whether) there will be a charity show this weekend？he asked if(whether) they had finished their work.*只用whether，不能用if的情況：1）whether可直接跟or not，if不能。如果分開，則都可以。whether/ifor not如： let me know whether or

4、 not you can come. let me know whether/if you can come or not. 2）賓語(yǔ)從句前置時(shí)。如： whether this is true, i cant say. 3） 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用whether，不能用if。如： whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. （主語(yǔ)從句） the question is whether he can do it. （表語(yǔ)從句） the question whether we should go w

5、ith them must be decided at once. （同位語(yǔ)從句） 4）從句在介詞之后作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether，不能用if。如： they are talking about whether they will go out for a picnic.i havent come up with the idea of whether ill go back home. 5）whether 可接動(dòng)詞不定式，if不能。如： whether to go or stay is still a question.do you know whether to go hiking

6、 this saturday?6）在discuss, decide , doubt等動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether，不能用if。如： we discussed whether we should go there by plane. 5）引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)地，一般用whether。例如： whether you like it or not, youll have to do it . whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.6）如果用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，就只用whetherplease tell

7、 me whether you know the answer.注意：1）在引導(dǎo)否定概念賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用if，而不用whether。如：heaskedmeifihadntfinishedmywork.2）當(dāng)doubt是肯定形式時(shí)，用whether，如：i doubt whether its true.i often doubt whether/if it is worth working so hard.但是，當(dāng)doubt是否定形式時(shí)，則不用whether或if，要改用that，因?yàn)榫渥颖旧硪褯]有“懷疑”或“選擇”之意。比較： i dont doubt that you are honest

8、.我不懷疑你的誠(chéng)實(shí)。 she never doubt that she has done right.她對(duì)自己是正確的這一點(diǎn)從不懷疑。 二、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句的語(yǔ)序。例如：can you tell me how i can get to the zoo?i wonder if she is going to a birthday party.do you know whose model plane is flying the highest?三、賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)1如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用什么時(shí)態(tài)。如：i believe (that) you wi

9、ll get a high mark in the maths exam .can you tell me when you visited the great wall?2如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。例如：he asked what time it was.he told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.she didnt tell me if she would join in the charity walk.3如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理(事實(shí))，

10、其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：our teacher said (that) january is the first month of the year.he said (that) light travels much faster than sound.賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題一、選擇。( )1. i wonder _ you would like to come to my birthday party. a. that b. whether c. that if d. that whether ( )2. i dont know _ the next day. a. when does he c

11、ome b. how did he come c. if he came d. whether hell come( )3. do you know _ during the coming holiday? a. what will tom do b. what did tom do c. what tom will do d. what tom did ( )4. could you tell me _ the radio without any help? a. how did he mend b. what did he mend c. how he mended d. what he

12、mended ( )6. do you know where _ now? a. he lives b. does he live c. he lived d. did he live( )7. he asked how long _ the computer. a. she has had b. she has bought c. she had had d. she had bought( )8. the teacher told us that the earth _ around the sun . a. go b. goes c. went d. gone ( )9. do you

13、know if _ back next week? if he _ back, please let me know. a. he comes, will come b. will he come, comes c. he will come, comes d. will he come, will come ( )10. i dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, ill tell you a. if; whether b. whether; whether c. if; that d. if; if( )11. she doesnt k

14、now _ to go or stay. a. if b. whether c. what d. that( )12 tell me _ or not youd like to play football . a. if b. whether c. that d. when ( )13. the teacher told us that light _ much faster than sound. a. travels b. traveled c. would travel d. had traveled ( )14. imworriedabout_theywillarriveontime.

15、a. when b. what c. if d. whether( )15. ill never doubt _ our life will become better and better.a. whether b. if c. how d. why二、改寫句子1. does mr. brown enjoy living in china? could you tell us?（合并句子）待添加的隱藏文字內(nèi)容3 could you tell us _ mr. brown _ living in china?2. does the girl need any help?” he asked m

16、e.（合并句子） he asked me _the girl _ _ help.3. when does the train leave? i want to know.（合并句子） i want to know _ the train _.4. where did you find the book? could you tell me? (合并句子) could you tell me _ _ _ the book?5. who has left for haikou? nobody knew. (合并句子) nobody knew _ _ _ _ haikou.6. “keep the

17、door open .”he said to me . (合并句子)he _ _ _ _ the door open. 7. “dont play with fire.” i said to him. (合并句子) i _ _ _ _ with fire. 8. can you tell me ? who will you go with ?( 合并句子) can you tell me _ _ _ _ with ?9. i dont know what i should do next. （變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句） i dont know _ _ _ next. 10.we dont know if the problem has been solved.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） _ 三、翻譯：1. i want to know _.（他在聽什么音樂）2. could you tell me _（這工作能否按時(shí)完成）?3. iwonder_（是否你會(huì)介意我們問）afewquestions?4.hewantstoknow_ (運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將什么時(shí)候舉辦)。5.canyoutellme_