無線遙控器外文及翻譯

1、附錄a 外文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯how remote controls work by julia laytonfrom: /remote-control.htmintroduction to how remote controls workthe worlds first remote controls were radio-frequency devices that directed german naval vessels to crash into allied boats during wwi. in wwii, remo

2、te controls detonated bombs for the first time. the end of the great wars left scientists with a brilliant technology and nowhere to apply it. sixty years later, some of us spend an hour looking for the remote before we remember there are buttons on the tv. in this article, well examine the infrared

3、 technology used in most home theaters, look at the difference between ir and rf remotes, find out the difference between a universal and a learning remote and check out some of the other high-tech features you can find on remotes today, like pc connectivity, rf extenders and macro commands.infrared

4、 remote controls: the processpushing a button on a remote control sets in motion a series of events that causes the controlled device to carry out a command. the process works something like this: 1. you push the volume up button on your remote control, causing it to touch the contact beneath it and

5、 complete the volume up circuit on the circuit board. the integrated circuit detects this. 2.the integrated circuit sends the binary volume up command to the led at the front of the remote. 3.the led sends out a series of light pulses that corresponds to the binary volume up command. one example of

6、remote-control codes is the sony control-s protocol, which is used for sony tvs and includes the following 7-bit binary commands:buttoncode1000 00002000 00013000 00104000 0011channel up001 0000channel down001 0001power on001 0101power off010 1111volume up001 0010volume down001 0011source: arrlweb th

7、e remote signal includes more than the command for volume up, though. it carries several chunks of information to the receiving device, including: a start command the command code for volume up the device address (so the tv knows the data is intended for it) 、 a stop command (triggered when you rele

8、ase the volume up button) so when you press the volume up button on a sony tv remote, it sends out a series of pulses that looks something like this: sony tv remotes use a space-coding method in which the length of the spaces between pulses of light represent a one or a zero. when the infrared recei

9、ver on the tv picks up the signal from the remote and verifies from the address code that its supposed to carry out this command, it converts the light pulses back into the electrical signal for 001 0010. it then passes this signal to the microprocessor, which goes about increasing the volume. the s

10、top command tells the microprocessor it can stop increasing the volume. infrared remote controls work well enough to have stuck around for 25 years, but they do have some limitations related to the nature of infrared light. first, infrared remotes have a range of only about 30 feet (10 meters), and

11、they require line-of-sight. this means the infrared signal wont transmit through walls or around corners - you need a straight line to the device youre trying to control. also, infrared light is so ubiquitous that interference can be a problem with ir remotes. just a few everyday infrared-light sour

12、ces include sunlight, fluorescent bulbs and the human body. to avoid interference caused by other sources of infrared light, the infrared receiver on a tv only responds to a particular wavelength of infrared light, usually 980 nanometers. there are filters on the receiver that block out light at oth

13、er wavelengths. still, sunlight can confuse the receiver because it contains infrared light at the 980-nm wavelength. to address this issue, the light from an ir remote control is typically modulated to a frequency not present in sunlight, and the receiver only responds to 980-nm light modulated to

14、that frequency. the system doesnt work perfectly, but it does cut down a great deal on interference. while infrared remotes are the dominant technology in home-theater applications, there are other niche-specific remotes that work on radio waves instead of light waves. if you have a garage-door open

15、er, for instance, you have an rf remote. remote-control featurestodays home-theater remotes do a lot more than turn a component on and off and control the volume. here are just a handful of the features you can find on some of the higher-tech remote controls out there. universal capabilitiesdifferen

16、t electronics brands use different command codes. some ir remotes are preprogrammed with more than one manufacturers command codes so they can operate multiple devices (sometimes up to 15) of different brands. if your home-theater setup incorporates components from, say, three different manufacturer

17、s, you can either use three different remotes to operate your system or use one universal remote. to add functions to a universal remote, you need to know the command codes for the component you want to control. you can look these up online or find them in the manual that came with your remote. lear

18、ninga learning remote can receive and store codes transmitted by another remote control; it can then transmit those codes to control the device that understands them. for instance, lets say you have a receiver with its own preprogrammed remote, and you buy a new tv that comes with a universal learni

19、ng remote. the learning remote can pick up the signals your receiver remote sends out and remember them so it can control your receiver, too. you dont need to input the command codes yourself - a learning remote picks up and stores the signals another remote sends out. all learning remotes are consi

20、dered universal remotes because they can control more than one device. macro commandsa macro is a series of commands that you program to occur sequentially at the push of a single button. these macros can be anything you want, such as an activity command. you can set up a macro that lets you push on

21、e button to activate, in order, everything that needs to happen for you to watch a movie or listen to a cd. (some remotes come with activity commands preprogrammed, and others let you download macros from the internet.) pc connectivitythere are remotes that connect to your pc via the usb port so you

22、 can install programming software and download command codes and personalized graphic icons (for remotes with lcd screens). lcd screena remote-control lcd screen may simply display data, or it may be a touchscreen that receives user input. user interfacesmost remotes still utilize the simple button-

23、pushing method, but some have more high-tech manners of inputing commands. youll find remotes that you operate via an lcd touchscreen, a joystick (for directional commands) and even voice commands. rf extenderssome ir remotes can send out both ir and rf signals. the rf signals arent meant to control

24、 rf devices (in fact, they cant control them). theyre meant to extend the operating range of the ir remote control from about 30 feet to about 100 feet (give or take) and allow the signal to penetrate walls and glass cabinet enclosures. the remote automatically transmits both ir and rf signals for e

25、very command. when you hook up an rf-to-ir converter (sometimes included with ir/rf remotes, sometimes sold as add-ons) on the receiving end, it receives and converts the signal back into the infrared pulses the device can understand. now youve got an ir remote that can increase the volume on your h

26、ome-theater stereo from your bedroom upstairs. remote controls are steadily increasing the number of devices and functions they can manage. some universal remotes intended for home-theater components can learn commands for wirelessly controlled lights, so they will not only start a movie at the push

27、 of a button, but theyll also dim the lights for you. full home-automation systems let you use one remote control to manage lighting, alarm systems and entertainment components by way of a receiver wired directly into your homes electrical wiring. chances are it wont be long before you have a single

28、 remote control to manage every electronic device in your life. 無線遙控器怎樣工作julia layton 著紅外遙控工作原理世界上第一個(gè)無線遙控器是在一戰(zhàn)中以發(fā)射無線電波來指引德國海軍摧毀盟軍的船只。 在一戰(zhàn)中，無線遙控器能使炸彈在第一時(shí)間爆炸，現(xiàn)在，在戰(zhàn)爭中幸存的科學(xué)家用其出色的技術(shù)使無線遙控?zé)o處不在。在我們花一小時(shí)來尋找遙控器前我們都記得有按鈕在電視上。在這片文章中，我們將介紹紅外遙控在家庭影院中的應(yīng)用，尋找紅外遙控和射頻遙控的區(qū)別，找出“普通型”和“學(xué)習(xí)型”無線遙控的區(qū)別。找出其他一些高科技含量的遙控技術(shù)，例如用無線射頻技

29、術(shù)遙控電腦。紅外遙控的方法按下遙控器的按鈕會發(fā)射一連串的代碼來使被遙控器件按照代碼的命令動作。 這個(gè)工作過程如下:1.你按下遙控器的“音量增加”鍵，按鍵下面的與“音量增加”的電路接通，電路檢測到連接。 2.電路將二進(jìn)制的“音量增大”命令傳送給發(fā)光二極管。 3.發(fā)光二極管發(fā)射一系列的光脈沖來發(fā)送：音量增大“命令。 已sony公司的遙控編碼方式為例，其用于控制sony公司的電視機(jī)，光脈沖命令中包含的7位二進(jìn)制碼如下：表a1按鍵碼值1000 00002000 00013000 00104000 0011下一頻道001 0000上一頻道001 0001開001 0101關(guān)010 1111音量增大001

30、 0010音量減小001 0011 無線信號不僅僅只包含“音量增大“的命令，它還向接收裝置發(fā)射其它幾個(gè)部分的信息。包括： “開始”碼“音量增大”命令碼 地址碼（電視可以區(qū)分出正確的信號） “停止”碼（當(dāng)松開“音量增大”鍵時(shí)發(fā)射） 因此當(dāng)你按下sony電視的遙控器時(shí)，它會發(fā)射一些列的脈沖如下圖所示：圖a1 注：sony的電視遙控信號用占空比的方法來通過區(qū)分脈沖長度來得到紅外信號中的0和1。當(dāng)電視上的紅外接收器接收到遙控信號并且核對地址碼無誤后就會執(zhí)行相應(yīng)命令。就會將光脈沖轉(zhuǎn)換為001 0010的二進(jìn)制電信號，然后將這個(gè)二進(jìn)制信號傳給微處理器。微處理器就會將音量增大。“停止”碼將使微處理器停止增大音量。紅外遙控已經(jīng)可靠的應(yīng)用了25年，但是紅外線自身具有一些局限性。首先，紅外遙控的遙控距離只有30英尺，還需要視線，也就是說紅外信號不能穿過墻壁或者看