2021年11月二級筆譯實務(wù)試題

1、2021年11月二級筆譯實務(wù)試題2007年11月11日2級口譯真務(wù)測驗實題【英譯漢必譯題】Milton Friedman, Free Markets Theorist, Dies at 94.Milton Friedman, the grandmaster of free-market economic theory in the postwar era and a prime force in the movement of nations toward less government and greater reliance on individual responsibility, di

2、ed today in San Francisco, where he lived. He was 94.Conservative and liberal colleagues alike viewed Mr. Friedman, a Nobel prize laureate, as one of the 20th centurys leading economic scholars, on a par with giants like J ohn Maynard Keynes and Paul Samuelson.Flying the flag of economic conservatis

3、m, Mr. Friedman led the postwar challenge to the hallowed theories of Lord Keynes, the British economist who maintained that governments had a duty to help capitalistic economies through periods of recession and to prevent boom times from exploding into high inflation.In Professor Friedmans view, go

4、vernment had the opposite obligation: to keep its hands off the economy, to let the free market do its work.The only economic lever that Mr. Friedman would allow government to use was the one that controlled the supply of money a monetarist view that had gone out of favor when he embraced it in the

5、1950s. He went on to record a signal achievement, predicting the unprecedented combination of rising unemployment and rising inflation that came to be called stagflation. His work earned him the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science in 1976.Rarely, his colleagues said, did anyone have such impact

6、 on both his own profession and on government. Though he never served officially in the halls of power, he was always around them, as an adviser and theorist.“Among economic scholars, Milton Friedman had no peer,” Ben S. Bernanke, the Federal Reserve chairman, said today. “The direct and i ndirect i

7、nfluences of his thinking on contemporary monetary economics would be difficult to overstate.”Alan Greenspan, the former Federal Reserve chairman, said of Mr. Friedman in an interview on Tuesday. “From a longer-term point of view, its his acade mic achievements which will have lasting import. But I

8、would not dismiss the profound impact he has already had on the American publics view.”Mr. Friedman had a gift for communicating complicated ideas in simple and lucid ways, and it served him well as the author or co-author of more than a dozen books, as a columnist for Newsweek from 1966 to 1983 and

9、 even as the star of a public television series.【英譯漢2選一】【試題1】Panama goes to polls on upgrade for canalPANAMA CITY: Voters were expected Sunday to approve the largest modernization project in the 92-year history of the Panama Canal, a $5.25 billion plan to expand the waterway to allow for larger ship

10、s while alleviating traffic problems.The government of President Martn Torrijos has billed the referendum as historic, saying the work would double the capacity of a canal already on pace to generate about $1.4 billion in revenue this year. Critics claim the expansion would benefit the canals custom

11、ers more than Panamanians, and worry that costs could balloon, forcing this debt- ridden country to borrow even more.The project would build a third set of locks on the Pacific and Atlantic ends of the canal by 2021, allowing it to handle modern container ships, cruise liners and tankers too large f

12、or its locks, which are 33 meters, or 108 feet, wide.The Panama Canal Authority, the autonomous government agency that runs the canal, says the project would be paid for by increasing tolls and would generate $6 billion in revenue by 2025.There is nothing Panamanians are more passionate about than t

13、he canal.Its incomparable in the hemisphere, said Samuel Lewis Navarro, the countrys vice president and foreign secretary. Its in our heart, part of our soul.Public opinion polls indicate that the plan would be approved overwhelmingly. Green and white signs throughout the country read Yes for our ch

14、ildren, while tens of thousands of billboards and bumper stickers trumpet new jobs.The canal needs you, television and radio ads implore.It will mean more boats, and that means more jobs, said Damasco Polanco, who was herding cows on horseback in Nuevo Provedencia, on the banks of Lake Gatn, an arti

15、ficial reservoir that supplies water to the canal.The canal employs 8,000 workers and the expansion is expected to generate as many as 40,000 new jobs. Unemployment in Panama is 9.5 percent, and 40 percent of the country lives in poverty.But critics fear that the expansion could cost nearly double t

16、he governments estimate, as well as stoke corruption and uncontrolled debt.The poor continue to suffer while the rich get richer, said Jos Felix Castillo, 62, a high school teacher who was one of about 3,000 supporters who took to Panama Citys streets to protest the measure on Friday.Lewis Navarro n

17、oted that a portion of the revenue generated by each ton of cargo that passes through the waterway goes to education and social programs.We arent talking about 40 percent poverty as a consequence of the canal, he said. Its exactly the opposite.【試題2缺】【漢譯英】【試題一】旅行是一項散不雅光、文娛、健身為一體的興奮而好好的舉動。旅行業(yè)伴著時期先進(jìn)而沒有

18、斷收展。20世紀(jì)中葉以去，古代旅行正在天下局限內(nèi)敏捷崛起，旅行人數(shù)沒有斷刪減，旅行家產(chǎn)范圍延續(xù)擴(kuò)充，旅行經(jīng)濟(jì)天位提拔，旅行舉動愈益成為列國國民交換文明、刪進(jìn)交情、擴(kuò)充來往的主要渠講，對于人類舉動以及社會先進(jìn)收死愈來愈寬泛的影響。從古到今，旅行一向是人們刪少學(xué)問、歉富經(jīng)歷、健壯體格的好好逃供。正在現(xiàn)代，中國前賢們便提出了“不雅國之光”的頭腦，倡議“讀萬卷書，止萬里路”，游歷名山東大學(xué)川，啟乾坤之靈氣，接山川之粗華。【試題一參考譯文】Tourism represents a kind of popular and pleasant activity that combines sightseein

19、g, recreation and health care. With the passage of time, tourism has been developing. Since the middle of the 20th century, modern tourism has been growing at a fast pace around the world. The number of tourists has been increasing, the scale of the tourism industry has been constantly expanding, an

20、d the importance of tourism in the economy has grown obviously. Tourism serves gradually as an important bridge for cultural exchange and friendship, and it exerts a steadily broadening influence on human life and social progress among people of various countries.From ancient time to present, touris

21、m has demonstrated the happy wish for more knowledge, varied experience and good health. In the distant past, ancient Chinese thinkers raised the idea of “appreciating the landscape through sightseeing”. Ancient people also proposed to “travel ten thousand li and read ten thousand books”, which show

22、s they found pleasure in enriching themselves mentally and physically through traveling over famous mountains and rivers.【試題2】從1979到2004年真止變革凋謝那27年里，中國收死了偉大的變動。經(jīng)濟(jì)每一年刪少9.4%，住民消耗每一年刪少7%，收支心每一年刪少16.7%。2004年人民經(jīng)濟(jì)總產(chǎn)值達(dá)1.6494 萬億好元，收支心總額達(dá)1.1548萬億好元。咱們已經(jīng)經(jīng)基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)建了社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)。咱們的死產(chǎn)力以及綜開國力正在沒有斷普及。社會各項奇跡興旺收展，國民死活真現(xiàn)了從饑

23、寒到小康那一汗青性的奔騰。怎樣正在齊球化減快的新局勢下，從中國的真際動身，捉住時機(jī)，歡迎應(yīng)戰(zhàn)，堅持延續(xù)、倏地、以及協(xié)調(diào)齊里社會經(jīng)濟(jì)收展，是值患上咱們稀切閉注的嚴(yán)重策略略成績。經(jīng)由多年的真踐以及探究，咱們尋到了一條既切合中國真際以及時期收展趨向又反應(yīng)國民希望的收展講路。那便是具備中國特征的社會主義講路。咱們將順著那條講路脆定沒有移天奮怯后退?！驹囶}2參考問案】The past 27 years of reform and opening up have brought about tremendous changes from 1979 to 2004, on annual average, the Chinese economy grew by 9.4%, consumption by 7%, and import and export by 16.7%. In 2004, the countrys GDP topped US $ 1.6494 trillion. Total import and export volume reached US$ 1.1548 trillion. We have basically established a socialist market economy. Our productivity and