[語言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全]劍橋商務(wù)英語中級模擬132

1、書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學(xué)子：學(xué)業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全劍橋商務(wù)英語中級模擬132劍橋商務(wù)英語中級模擬132READINGPART ONECOMMUNICATING ACROSS CULTURES A. Shaking hands is a universal way to greet other people, especially in the world of business. In the USA, a very firm grip indicates that you are sincere and reliable. In other cult

2、ures, a gentler handshake is preferred. Some cultures also use very open and emotive gesturing when speaking. For example, Italians are often very expressive with their hands whereas someone from a Scandinavian country will use them less to communicate meaning. B. We make small talk in between doing

3、 business. When socializing, you can talk about work but we often discuss more general topics. A topic like travel is fairly safe but not everyone wants to talk about their family-in some cultures this topic is quite personal and inappropriate. And while you might choose to talk about current affair

4、s and the news, its generally wise to avoid any kind of political discussion. C. Global business dress usually requires a suit or something semi-formal. Even if you dont normally wear a tie to work, its often wise to wear one anyway when youre meeting with people of a different culture. If you are t

5、he only person in the room wearing a suit or a tie, then youll know not to bother next time- but its always better to be more formally dressed than too informally dressed. People always appreciate it when others make an effort to look smart. D. Some countries are well known for being punctual and wh

6、en they say the meeting starts at 12, they mean 12 exactly. But 12 oclock in other cultures can mean this is a general time for people to start turning up for the meeting; the actual discussion wont get going until later. Neither view can be regarded as being better or correct. If you are from a cul

7、ture which is always on time, you might have to be prepared to wait. And for cultures with a more laidback view of time, be considerate of foreign colleagues and try to adjust your normal habits to match theirs. 1. Consider your appearance carefully as it communicates a lot about you.答案:C解析 “注意你的外表，

8、因為外表很大程度是你的自我展現(xiàn)”。短文C中提到：If you are the only person in the room wearing a suit or a tie, then youll know not to bother next timebut its always better to be more formally dressed than too informally dressed. People always appreciate it when others make an effort to look smart. (如果整個房間里只有你穿西裝打領(lǐng)帶，你就知道下次

9、不必這么精心穿著，但是與其穿得過于隨意，不如穿得偏于正式。人們總是欣賞那些穿著用心顯得精干的人)。故選C。2. Choose subjects which wont offend the other person or make them feel uncomfortable.答案:B解析 “選擇不會冒犯他人或避免讓他人感覺不快的話題”。短文B中提到：When socializing, you can talk about work but we often discuss more general topics. A topic like travel is fairly safe but

10、not everyone wants to talk about their familyin some cultures this topic is quite personal and inappropriate. And while you might choose to talk about current affairs and the news, its generally wise to avoid any kind of political discussion. (你可以在社交時談?wù)摴ぷ鳎覀兘?jīng)常談?wù)摳鼜V泛的話題。例如關(guān)于旅游的話題往往比較安全，而家庭這一話題不是人人都愿意

11、談?wù)摰脑谀承┪幕屑彝ミ@一話題涉及隱私，是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹Ｄ阋部梢赃x擇談?wù)摃r事新聞，避免任何政見爭論通常是明智的)。故選B。3. Body language can tell us about the other persons culture.答案:A解析 “肢體語言能告訴我們一個人的文化背景”。短文A中提到：In the USA, a very firm grip indicates that you are sincere and reliable. In other cultures, a gentler handshake is preferred. Some cultures also

12、use very open and emotive gesturing when speaking. For example, Italians are often very expressive with their hands whereas someone from a Scandinavian country will use them less to communicate meaning. (在美國，有力的握手表明此人真誠可靠。而在其他文化里，人們更喜歡輕輕一握。一些文化里的人們說話時還使用非常開放熱情的手勢。例如，意大利人說話時經(jīng)常手勢豐富多樣，而來自北歐斯堪的納維亞國家的人們在

13、交流(語義)時則很少使用手勢)。故選A。4. Be prepared to talk for a while before getting down to business.答案:B解析 “在談?wù)虑皽?zhǔn)備好閑談一會兒”。短文B中提到：We make small talk in between doing business. When socializing, you can talk about work but we often discuss more general topics. (我們在商務(wù)會談的間隙會閑聊一陣。你可以在社交時談?wù)摴ぷ鳎覀兘?jīng)常談?wù)摳鼮閺V泛的話題。)故選B。5. T

14、he strength of a gesture can be interpreted in different ways.答案:A解析 “對一種手勢的力度有多種解釋方式。”短文A中提到：In the USA, a very firm grip indicates that you are sincere and reliable. In other cultures, a gentler handshake is preferred. (在美國，用力握手表明此人真誠可靠。而在其他文化里，人們更喜歡輕輕一握)。故選A。6. Dont worry if you look more formal

15、than anyone else in the room.答案:C解析 “如果你的著裝看起來比房間里任何人都更正式，不要擔(dān)心?！倍涛腃中提到：If you are the only person in the room wearing a suit or a tie, then youll know not to bother next timebut its always better to be more formally dressed than too informally dressed. (如果整個房間里只有你穿西裝打領(lǐng)帶，你就知道下次不必這么精心穿著，但是與其穿得過于隨意，不如穿

16、得偏于正式)。故選C。7. Even when your meeting should have started an hour ago, dont get impatient.答案:D解析 “即使你參加的會議本該在一個小時之前就開始，你也不要著急?！倍涛腄中提到：Some countries are well-known for being punctual and when they say the meeting starts at 12, they mean 12 exactly. But 12 oclock in other cultures can mean this is a g

17、eneral time for people to start turning up for the meeting; the actual discussion wont get going until later. Neither view can be regarded as being better or correct. If you are from a culture which is always on time, you might have to be prepared to wait. (有些國家以守時而聞名，人們說12點開始就是12點整開始。但是這個12點在其他文化里可

18、能只是意味著人們開始出現(xiàn)在會場的大概時間，真正的討論推遲一陣才會開始。很難說哪一種觀點更為“正確”。如果你來自一個向來提倡“守時”的文化，你可能得做好等待的準(zhǔn)備)。故選D。PART TWO ELECTRICITY: WEALTH, MONEY, POWER Canadian industries have prospered for more than a century on the countrys abundance of cheap, reliable electrical power. Generated primarily by water, our power supplies

19、have attracted and supported energy-intensive industries such as mining. In fact, Canada consumes more electricity on a per person basis than any country except Norway. 1 Electricity is a significant source of export income for Canada. 2 But in the 1970s, Canadian exports rose sharply to address the

20、 U. S. demand for cheaper and more reliable. In 1985, exports of Canadian electrical power reached 1,400 million US dollars. 3 Net electricity exports account for more than 60% of Canadas balance of trade. Domestically, Canada continues to generate electrical power, primarily from water. 4 Exports o

21、f electricity are now subject to forces far beyond the control of utility managers. 5 A. Besides, electricity from coal and nuclear is 50% to 75% cheaper than many other industrial nations. B. Generated primarily by water, our power supplies have attracted and supported energy-intensive industries s

22、uch as mining. C. It also ranks among the top three electricity producers in the world, behind the U.S. and Russia. D. Next to electricity, Canadian paper exports came to 900 million U.S. dollars every year in the 1960s. E. Canada and the U.S. imported and exported power in almost equal measures aft

23、er 1901. F. Since then, electricity exports have declined but they have continued to exceed 700 million U.S. dollars. G. Environmental and trade policies all influence electrical production and trade. 1.答案:C空白前一句提到加拿大人均用電量超過其他國家，僅次于挪威?？赏茰y出此處加拿大的電產(chǎn)量在世界排名也很高。選項C符合題意。2.答案:E空白前一句提到電是加拿大出口創(chuàng)匯的重要資源，后一句提到19

24、70后，其出口量由于美國需要急劇上升，可推測出此處應(yīng)該將加拿大和美國的電進(jìn)出口量相比較。3.答案:F空白前一句提到1985年加拿大電出口量達(dá)14億美元，后一句提到電出口的凈產(chǎn)值占60%，可推測出此空依舊是講加拿大的電出口情況，只有選項F符合題意。4.答案:A空白前一句提到加拿大國內(nèi)有水能發(fā)電，可推測出此處應(yīng)講到剛其他資源發(fā)電，選項A符合題意。5.答案:G空白前一句提到現(xiàn)在電的出口不僅僅受使用部門的控制，言外之意，其他因素仍影響著電的生產(chǎn)和貿(mào)易。選項G符合題意。PART THREE Morning, Noon and Night The Long-Hours Culture at Work Wo

25、rking an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have the kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, 20 years ago, the average do not wish to ident

26、ify themselves. I can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I dont like to draw attention to it, says one sales manager. People looked at me when I leave at 5 oclock. Now, I put paperwork in my bag. People assume Im doing extra hours at home. But more typical is Mark, who works as an

27、 account manager. He says, My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part-time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh! He says he has thought

28、 about going freelance but realizes that this doesnt guarantee better working hours. Professors Cary Cooper, occupational psychologist at the University of Manchester, is the author of the annual Quality of Working Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more t

29、han their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect on their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hours culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency, there is no evidence to support this. In fact, the e

30、vidence shows that long hours make you ill. There are, he says, steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty. There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home early. Prioritising work and doing essential tasks first help

31、s, he says. He also thinks its time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work. Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agree

32、s that communication is important. Staff need to talk to managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recongnises, however, that in many organizations the re

33、sponse might well be, If you want more interests outside work, then find another job. She believes that senior staff have a duty to set an example. I recently worked for a firm of solicitors where the partners started at 7: 30 a.m. What kind of message is that to send to the staff? She believes ther

34、e is no shame in working sensible hoursin fact quite the reserve, Some people might be in at 7.30 am but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from 9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it difficult to achieve an eight-hour day, there is, as a last resort, the old trick of leaving y

35、our jacket on your chair and your computers switched on, even after you have left the building. 1. What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day?A.They are reluctant to admit to this.B.They are disliked by their colleagues.C.They are limited to certain profe

36、ssions.D.They often catch up on work in the evenings.答案:A文中第一段“Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have the kind of job where you clock on and off.”一天工作8小時對于一些專業(yè)人員來說成了奢望，可見如今人們不愿承認(rèn)自己的8小時工作日。選項A符合題意。2.

37、 What does Mark say about his work?A.His main concern is job security.B.Too much of his time at work is wasted.C.The terms of his contract are misleading.D.He objects to being given other peoples work.答案:C文中第二段“My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the

38、 extra hours are exceptional. .The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh”合同上寫著早9晚5工作，必要時加班但事實上，8小時工作日的想法令我可笑。可見合同中描述的與現(xiàn)實中根本不符。選項C符合題意。3. What does Cary Cooper say about recent trends in the workplace?A.He believes that a long working day is counter-productive.B.He has doubts about the results of

39、the Quality of Working Life survey.C.He says that employers should accept the link between working hours and safety.D.He argues that further research is needed into the relationship between work and health.答案:A文中第三段最后一句“In fact, the evidence shows that long hours make you ill.”意思是事實上長時間工作令人反感。選項A符合題

40、意。4. How does Cary Cooper think people should deal with the requirements of the workplace?A.Obtain help in negotiating terms of employment.B.Let people know when demands are unreasonable.C.Delegate the less important work to other staff.D.Accept that the modern workplace is a competitive place.答案:B文

41、中第四段“By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work.”不管怎么樣，當(dāng)要求太高時，在必要的情況下應(yīng)適時表達(dá)自己的想法。選項中unreasonable與expectations are too high相對應(yīng)。5. What does Mo Shapiro see as a problem for employees today?A.

42、They lack the communication skills that modern business requires.B.Many employers would not regard requests for shorter hours favourably.C.Most employers do not want to be responsible for the professional development of staff.D.They have difficulties adapting to the rapid changes occurring in workin

43、g practices.答案:B文中第五段“If you want more interests outside work, then find another job.”意思是，如果你想要工作之外的興趣，那么找另一份工作吧，可知雇主并不支持員工的要求。選項B符合題意。6. What does Mo Shapiro think about present working hours?A.In many companies senior staff need to work a long day.B.The best staff are efficient enough to finish th

44、eir work within eight hours.C.There are too many staff deceiving employers about their hours of work.D.Top executives should use their influence to change the long-hours culture.答案:D文中最后一段“She believes that senior staff have a duty to set an example.”意思是，她認(rèn)為高層有責(zé)任樹立榜樣。選項D符合題意。其中top executives與senior

45、staff相對應(yīng)。PART FOUR Assets and Processes World competitiveness also analyzes how nations combine assets and processes in the management of competitiveness. Some nations can be rich 1 assetsland, population, natural resources, etc. 2 not necessarily competitive, e.g., Brazil, India and Russia. On the

46、other hand, there are nations such as Singapore, Japan and Switzerland which are 3 in traditional assets 4 they are very competitive. They have 5 what economists call the transformation process. Japans performance illustrates this situation well. Since 1950, the nation has 6 only four Nobel Prizes i

47、n exact science and economics, 7 to 164 awarded to the US and 44 to Britain. In fact, none of the fundamental technological 8 which have changed our business lives have been discovered in Japan. The transistor, the robot, the video recorder, the computer, the fax, the compact disk, the color TV-all

48、have been invented by companies in the US and Europe. The Japanese, however, have been extremely successful in 9 these products: they have 10 in the ability to transform an idea 11 a product or service more cheaply, more quickly and more effectively than their competitors. In other words, Japans com

49、petitiveness is process based. The 1996 World Competitiveness Yearbook carefully distinguishes between competitiveness which 12 from a nations assets and that which is achieved through process. This crucial distinction is important, 13 the future seems to belong to those nations that master the tran

50、sformation process (indeed, some economists refer to the spell of natural resources to describe the fate of asset-rich nations that become complacent). Companies usually use a similar strategy, 14 they focus on the value added that is generated by 15 processes as quality, speed, order fulfillment, m

51、ass customization, and customer satisfaction, etc. 1.A.inB.outC.onD.about答案:Abe+adj+in是固定短語，表示“在某一方面怎么樣”。此題中be rich in是“在某方面很富有的”意思，所以正確答案是A。2.A.andB.thenC.butD.therefore答案:C根據(jù)空的前一句所說，“Some nations can be rich in assets”，后面卻提到“not necessarily competitive”。所以兩個分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。應(yīng)該用表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but，所以正確答案是C。3.A.ric

52、hB.poorC.famousD.good答案:B前文中已經(jīng)提到“Some nations can be rich in”，后面的“On the other hand”提示我們后面一部分是與前面一部分相對應(yīng)的。所以，正確答案應(yīng)該是be poor in。4.A.howeverB.soC.andD.but答案:D根據(jù)句意，“poor in traditional assets”，可是卻“they are very competitive”。所以前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。B和C排除。A選項的however后面應(yīng)加逗號。所以正確答案是D。5.A.knownB.learnedC.assuredD.mastered

53、答案:D四個選項分別是“知道”、“了解”、“確認(rèn)”和“掌握”。根據(jù)原文的意思，選項D更適合原文意思。即“掌握經(jīng)濟學(xué)家所說的轉(zhuǎn)換過程”。6.A.hadB.createdC.receivedD.given答案:C根據(jù)原文的意思，選擇的應(yīng)該是C，“received only four Nobel Prizes”的意思是指得到過4次諾貝爾獎。7.A.responseB.connectingC.comeD.compared答案:D“compare something to something”，是固定短語，“把和相比”。8.A.breakthroughsB.successC.failureD.chang

54、e答案:A四個選項的意思分別是：“突破”、“成功”、“失敗”和“改變”。根據(jù)原文的意思應(yīng)該是技術(shù)上的突破。所以正確答案是A。9.A.sellingB.marketingC.producingD.changing答案:B四個選項的意思分別是：“買”、“營銷”、“制造”和“改變”。根據(jù)原文以及后文的描述，應(yīng)該選擇B，意思是“營銷產(chǎn)品”。10.A.importantB.goodC.badD.excelled答案:Dbe excelled in是固定短語，表示“在某方面很擅長”。而選項B中的good的搭配應(yīng)該是be good at。11.A.inB.onC.intoD.from答案:C“transfe

55、r something into something”，是動詞的固定用法，“把轉(zhuǎn)化為”。所以正確答案是C。12.A.stemsB.farC.preventsD.benefits答案:Astem from，是固定短語，表示“追溯到，由造成的”。13.A.soB.thereforeC.sinceD.otherwise答案:C根據(jù)前后文的意思，我們可以推斷出前后句是因果關(guān)系。所以選擇C，since表示“因為、由于”。14.A.despiteB.thereforeC.soD.whereby答案:Dwhereby做副詞時后可接句子，表示“憑借”。15.A.suchB.soC.thatD.this答案:A

56、是固定短語such.as.，是固定短語，表示“如這樣的”，所以正確答案是A。PART FIVE In most of the lines (34-45), there is one extra word. It either is grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct. If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet. If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. The exercise begins with two examples (0 and 00). IT Training 0 The arrival of a sophisticat