初中英語被動語態(tài)講解練習(xí)及答案

1、被動語態(tài)一、考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧【詞匯辨析】1. across, through 穿過across指從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊。動作是在物體叵gg理正常用于橫穿街道、河流，穿過橋梁等。eg: they walk across the bridge.他們步行走過了這座橋。through側(cè)重從物體的內(nèi)部空間穿過，動作是在物體也理型五常用于門、窗戶、森林等。eg: he walks through the park. 他步行穿過公園。2. ill , sick 生病的”。ill只在系動詞后作表語eg: her mother was ill in bed.，sick f既可作表語 eg: her mother

2、 was sick in bed.、也可作定語 eg: jane is taking care of her sick mother.若川作定語，譯為 壞的，惡劣的”eg: an ill person 一個壞人sick作表語時也常譯為惡心的，想吐的“eg: the boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】動詞+名詞/代詞/副詞+介詞make room for 給.騰出地方 eg: we can make room for her at this table.play a joke on 戲弄人； 對人惡作劇eg: we cant p

3、lay a joke on law.speak highly of 稱贊 eg: the customs speak highly of their quality of service .say good bye to 告另1j; 告辭 eg: i dont want to say good bye to them.take an active part in 積極參力口eg: they take an active part in school activities.take care of 照顧； 照料； 注意eg: could you take care of my plants wh

4、ile im on vacation?【被動語態(tài)】（一）語態(tài)：英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：|主動語態(tài)才被動語態(tài) 。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。例如： many people speak chinese.謂語：speak的動作是由主語 many people來執(zhí)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如： chinese is spoken by many people. 主語 english 是動詞 speak 的承受者。（二）被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由|助動詞be +及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)

5、以speak為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are + spoken一般過去時： was/were + spoken一般將來時：will /shall be + spoken現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am / is/ are being + spoken過去進(jìn)行時： was/were being + spoken現(xiàn)在完成時： have / has been + spoken過去完成時： had been + spoken(三)被動語態(tài)的用法(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新

6、電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道是誰偷的) this bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工于 1981 年。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：the glass was broken by mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。this book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。(四)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法(1)把主動語態(tài)的 賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的 主語。(2)把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(be +過去分詞)(根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以

7、及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。(3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如：all the people laughed at him . f he was laughed at by all people .they make the bikes in the factory. f the bikes are made by them in the factory.he cut down a tree . f a tree was cut down by him .(五)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由 |情態(tài)動詞+ be

8、+過去分詞1構(gòu)成we can repair this watch in two days.fthis watch can be repaired in two days.they should do it at once.f it should be done at once.(六)特殊情況1 .he made the boy work for two hours yesterday.f the boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2 .mother never lets me watch tv .fi am never le

9、t to watch tv by mother.3 .jack gave peter a christmas present just now. (1) a christmas present was given to peter by jack just now. (2) peter was given a christmas present by jack just now.常見的句型結(jié)構(gòu)：it is (was) agreed (believed/decided/hoped/thought ) that大家同意(相信、決定、希望、認(rèn)為)it is (was) well known that

10、 眾所周知it is (was) taken for granted that 被視為當(dāng)然it must be remembered that 務(wù)必 t己住 it mustn t be forgotten that.千萬另1j忘t己 it is (was) said( reported , heard, told, suggested) that據(jù)說(報道、聽說、告知、建議 )二、典型例題()1. the olympic games every four years.a are heldb were heldc. are holdingd. will ho1d()2. in the art s

11、how , a lot of enjoyment _to foreign friends by the chinese paintings .a . is givingb is givenc will gived has given( )3. today chinese is becoming more and more popular. it in. many schools around the world.a. teachesb. is teachingc. has taughtd. is taught()4. ba jin, one of the greatest writers in

12、 china,as peoples writer.a. is regarded b. has regarded c. is regarding d. regards()5. usually computers to search the internet.a. useb. are using c. are used d. used()6. -do you often clean your classroom?-yes. our classroom every day.a. cleanb. cleansc. is cleaned()7. did you hear that water in ta

13、i lake smelt terrible?一 yes. in fact, it.thats all because of the people and the factories around .a . pollutedb was pollutedc has pollutedd . was po11ute()8. -our environment is getting worse than before.-youre right. but thanks to earth day, people have done more and more useful things to protect(

14、保護(hù))the earth since earth day.a. is startedb. was startedc. has started()9. -i feel very happy that i to be the host.-congratulations!a. choose b. am chosenc. was chosend. haven chosen( )10. many trees and flowers in our school last year , and they made our school a beautiful garden .a . plant b. pla

15、ntedc. have planted d. were planted()11. some famous paintings in the hall next week.a. will showb. were shownc. is shownd. will be shown()12. a talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week .a. givenb. will be given c. has been given d. gives()13.-great changes have ta

16、ken place in this city.-right. many modern tall buildings have been these days.a. turned up b. put upc. shown upd. fixed up()14.twelve-year-olds should not to drive in china.a. allowb. be allow c. allowedd. be allowed()15. do you often clean your classroom?yes, our classroom every day.a. clean b. cl

17、eans c. is cleaned d. cleaned三、課后練習(xí))1.一 susan, why are you still here? they are all ready to start.-im sorry t b u when to meet.a. don t tellb. didn t tellc. haven t toldd. wasn t told)2. many old houses around our schoolnext year and a large green area will appear.a. pull downb. will be pulled down

18、c. will pull downd. are pulled down6)3. - my watch-don t worry. let s go to the lost & found.a. is lostb. is brokenc. has foundd. has stopped)4. -did you go to sam s weekend party?-no, ia. am not invitedb. wasn t invitedc. haven t invitedd. didn t invite)5. - how oftenyour school sports meeting-once

19、 a year.a. does; holdb. was; holdc. is; heldd. did; hold)6. on may 30th, , one bowl in the ming dynasty ( 明朝)at the price of 30.36 million hongkong dollars.a. sellb. soldc. is soldd. was sold()7. the thousand- hand guanyinby many people as the best performance at cctvs springfestival evening.a. has

20、been regarded b. are regarded c. has regardedd. regards()8.- those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. yes, they in hangzhou.a. paintedb. were paintingc. were paintedd. had painted()9. -don t litter the ground, boy ,look at the sign:“rubbtshthe dustbin. ”-sorry.a, has throwb, was throwc, mu

21、st throw d , must be thrown()10. the 29th olympic games _in beijing in 2008 .a . will holdb will be heldc. hold()11. the girl was often heard happily in her room.a. singb. to singc. singingd. sings()12. it is reported that more new teaching buildings in our school in the next term.a. will be builtb.

22、 was builtc. has builtd. will build()13. it is reported that more new teaching buildings in our school in the next term.a. will be builtb. was builtc. has builtd. will build()14. the sick boy to hospital by the police yesterday.a. is taken b. was taken c. takesd. took()15. -it s difficult for the vi

23、llage children to cross the river for school.-i think a bridge over the river.a. was built b. is being built c. has been built d. should be built()16. -david, turn off the tv no one is watching it.-but it off already! the music is from the radio.a. so that, has been turnedb. when, has turnedc. if, h

24、as been turnedd. because, has turned()17. usually john to school in his father s beautiful car.a. has taken b. is taking c. is takend. has been taken()18. don t put off today s work for tomorrow. i mean, today s work today.a. may dob. must doc. may be done d. must be done()19.-look, what an old pala

25、ce! it looks so great!-yeah, it nearly 800 years ago.a. was building b. was built c. has builtd. is built()20. don t discuss the problems with your partner unless you to do so.a. askb. are askedc. will askd. will be asked典型例題一般現(xiàn)在時1a。解析考查被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)句意，“奧運(yùn)會每四年舉行一次”可見須用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故排除了b、c、d。2答案b。解析本題考查被動語態(tài)，

26、句中 a lot of enjoyment是動作的承受者?！霸谶@次藝術(shù)展中，一些有趣的東西通過中國國畫展示給外國朋友?！?答案d。解析考查被動語態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動 語態(tài)。4答案a。解析選用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，表示人們對這位偉大作家的愛戴。5答案c。解析從句子看，電腦作主語，是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)，故選 co6.答案c。解析考查被動語態(tài)物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動 語態(tài)。一般過去時1答案b?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動語態(tài)。2答案b。解析從句意

27、：“自從地球日開始以來，人們已做了一些越來越有用的事保護(hù)環(huán)境?！笨芍?，血球日”的開土臺，要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為was started故選b。3. we into five groups to go to the old peoples home. we did many things to cheer them up. 太原市a. dividedb. are dividedc. were divided3答案c。解析本題主要考查被動語態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)句意及語境可推知空格處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)的形式。由后一句we did many things.”可推斷，時態(tài)應(yīng)該是一般過去時。因此選 c。4c

28、 5d一般將來過去1答案d。解析本題綜合考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語為“一些名畫” ，在此為動作“展出”的承受者，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，時間狀語為 next week,是表示將來的時間狀語，所以句子時態(tài)是一般將來時，所以 d項(xiàng)正確。2b答案b答案：d。情態(tài)動詞用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞。答案為co句中有every day,主語為our classroom,故要用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。1 .答案d解析：依據(jù)句意：對不起，但我不知道什么時候見面。強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生在過去，i和tell之間是被動關(guān)系。2 .答案b解析：由題干時間 next year科知識將來時態(tài)，句子主語是01d houses應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)

29、。故選 b。3 .答案a解析：由let s go the lost & found.可知，說明表丟失了。故選4 .答案b解析：由did you go to sam s weekend party陳述過去的動作的發(fā)生，i和invite之間存在著被動關(guān)系。故選b 5 .答案c解析：how often+一般疑問句？此句型用來提問在某一特定時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行某個動作的次數(shù)，表示多長時間次 “。往往針對頻度副詞如： always, seldom, usually, once a month, sometimes, every five minutes.等提問， 常用于現(xiàn)在時或過去時。由題干 your school sports meeting作主語，謂語應(yīng)用