2019最新版)人教版高一英語新教材Book-one-Welcome-Unit詞匯串講16頁

1、（2019最新版）人教版高一英語新教材Book one - WelcomeUnit單詞的記憶靠的是提高記憶的方法記憶的七大要素1、重復(fù)；2、理解要記的信息；3、一心不二用；4、把新的信息與已知的信息連接起來；5、將信息分類（每次不可超過七類）；6、回憶；7、享受學(xué)習(xí)（疲勞、心情不好不學(xué)）。合理拆分 生熟聯(lián)想形成腦圖 長久不忘其實(shí)，背單詞的方法可以有很多種，概括成一句話就是：“一讀二拆三想四看五編”。“一讀”就是通過單詞的發(fā)音和中文中相似的發(fā)音來記憶單詞，比如說chaos，中文拼音發(fā)音是“吵死”，中文解釋是“喧囂，混亂”。“二拆”就是把單詞拆成幾個(gè)部分來記憶，比如說ambulance這個(gè)單詞可以

2、拆成“am(俺)bu(不)le(能)ce(死)”，一看就知道要去叫“救護(hù)車”?！叭搿本褪峭ㄟ^聯(lián)想思維來記憶單詞，比如說slim，S可以看成是女生美好的身材曲線，I可以看成是鏡子的側(cè)面，i就是我，m表示錢money，在大腦中形成的圖像是：一個(gè)女生在照鏡子試裝，我付錢買單為了她“苗條的”身材?！八目础本褪峭ㄟ^詞根詞綴來記憶單詞，比如說unexpected(出現(xiàn)在08北京中考完型第12題空格之后)，un-表示“不”，expect（料想），-ed沒有含義，只表示詞性。這樣原來一個(gè)復(fù)雜單詞意思就是“意料之外的”，正好與選線中的surprised（驚奇的）相對(duì)應(yīng)。“五編”就是編故事記憶單詞，比如說、一個(gè)

3、人出生之后成為infant / baby,慢慢的成為一個(gè)child / kid ，13-19歲是成為一個(gè)teenager，滿了18歲成為adult / grown-up，而立之年是middle-age，老年是senior / old, 所以可以順著人生成長的幾個(gè)階段的關(guān)鍵詞作為主線，把單詞穿起來記憶。WelcomeUnit詞匯串講1.exchange /kstend/n. C;U交換;交流;交易vt.交換;交流；交易;兌換【必背典例】：We only exchanged a few words because we were in a hurry.因?yàn)槲覀兌己艽颐?，所以只交談了幾句。I oft

4、en exchange stamps with him.我常和他交換郵票。The shirt I just bought is a little small; can I exchange it for a bigger one?我剛買的襯衣有點(diǎn)小，可不可以換件大點(diǎn)的。Can I exchange Renminbi for US dollars here? 我可以在這兒把人民幣換成美元嗎？【高考必備】exchange sth. (with sb.) (與某人) 交換某物 exchange sth. for sth. 用某物交換某物in exchange for用以交換對(duì)比：in return

5、(for) 作為（對(duì)的）回報(bào)；報(bào)答in reward (for)/as a reward forin exchange 作為交換in turn 依次；輪流；反之；反過來She gave him a gold watch in return for his help.I bought him a drink in return for his help.Please come up in turn to collect your books.請(qǐng)依次過來取你們的書?！靖呖兼溄印縄ve offered to paint the house _ a weeks accommodation. (07山東

6、卷-28）A. in exchange for B. with regard to C. by means of D. in place of 【答案與簡析】A。 該題是短語意義辨析題。根據(jù)句子意思，應(yīng)該選擇in exchange for，表示“用以交換”。 【備考押題】1.Bluetooth is a radio-technology allowing cell phones, wireless earphones, etc. to_ radio signals, so that people can contact each other within 10 metres. A. match

7、B. shareC. protectD. exchange2.The Africans began to offer gold in _for the goods they needed from abroad. A. exchange B. place C. change D. search【答案與簡析】DA2. lecture /lekt(r)/n.講座；講課；演講;教訓(xùn)vi.（開）講座；演講；講課vt.訓(xùn)斥【必背短語】attend a lecture聽演講,聽課go to lecture去聽課cut a lecture曠課give sb a lecture訓(xùn)斥某人at a lecture

8、出席演講at the lecture聽講lecture about/on關(guān)于的演講lecture in English用英語所作的演講【經(jīng)典辨析】address, speech, lecture, report, talk這些名詞均含“演講，講話，報(bào)告”之意。address:正式用詞，指在莊嚴(yán)隆重的場合作精心準(zhǔn)備的演講或正式演說。speech:普通用詞，指一般的發(fā)言或講話，可以是事先準(zhǔn)備的，也可以是即席的。lecture:側(cè)重帶學(xué)術(shù)性的演講,講課。a series of lecture onreport:一般是指下級(jí)給上級(jí)或負(fù)責(zé)人給委托機(jī)關(guān)的書面或口頭報(bào)告。talk:常用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)非正式講話，講

9、話方式一般較為自由。3. registration /redstren / n.登記；注冊(cè)；掛號(hào)4.register/ redst(r) /vt.& vi.登記；注冊(cè)nC登記表；注冊(cè)簿【必背短語】register as以登記,使登記成為register at a conference向大會(huì)報(bào)到register for(使)注冊(cè)register in the course登記這門課register with向登記An increasing number of students are registering for degree courses each year.每年,越來越多的學(xué)生注冊(cè)學(xué)習(xí)能

10、獲得學(xué)位的課程。 How many members have officially registered in the club?該俱樂部正式登記的會(huì)員有多少? 5.sex /seks/ n.性別6. female /fi:mel/adj.女(性)的;雌性的n.雌性動(dòng)（植）物；女子7. male / mel/adj.男(性)的;雄性的 n.雄性動(dòng)（植）物；男子8. nationality /nnlti/ n.國籍;民族9. nation / nen/ n.國家;民族;國民nation n. 民族，國家，國民national adj.國家的，民族的nationalism n. 民族主義natio

11、nalist n. 民族主義者nationality n. 國籍country n. 疆土，國土state n. 政權(quán)，政體，州，狀態(tài)The whole nation was in deep sorrow at the news.10. designer /dzan(r)/ n.設(shè)計(jì)師;設(shè)計(jì)者11. design / dzan /n.設(shè)計(jì);方案；圖案vt.設(shè)計(jì)；籌劃design n. 設(shè)計(jì)；圖案 ；構(gòu)思 vt.設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；構(gòu)思designer n.設(shè)計(jì)者designed adj. 事先計(jì)劃好的；故意的by design/on purpose 故意地be designed to do 目的是做b

12、e designed for. 專為.而設(shè)計(jì)的in design 在設(shè)計(jì)上The bridge is poor in design.The experiment was designed to test the new car.The building is designed for classrooms.This is designed as a present for my girlfriend.This room was designed for the children.這間房子是專為孩子們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的。The nursery was designed for the babys use.那

13、托兒所是為嬰幼兒設(shè)計(jì)的。That part of the garden was designed for vegetables.花園的那一部分計(jì)劃用來種菜。12. campus / kmps / n.校園;校區(qū)off the campus在校外on the campus在校園內(nèi)campus life大學(xué)生活13. formal / f:ml / adj.正式的；正規(guī)的informal nfm()l adj.非正式的 formally / f:ml / adv.正式地;正規(guī)地 14. anxious / ks / adj.焦慮的;不安的；渴望的anxiety n. 擔(dān)心；焦慮；渴望典例： She

14、 is very anxious about her mothers health. 她很擔(dān)心母親的健康狀況。 We are anxious for your safe return. 我們盼望你平安歸來。 常用短語： be anxious about/for. 為 . 擔(dān)心 be anxious for sth/to do sth 渴望某事 / 做某事 be anxious for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事 15. annoyed /nd/ adj.（人感到）惱怒的；生氣的16. annoy /n/ vt.使惱怒；打擾【考點(diǎn)】1）區(qū)別：annoyed adj. 頗為生氣的；惱

15、怒的;煩惱的（形容人）；annoying 令人惱火的（形容物） annoyance n. 煩惱2）常用搭配：be annoyed at/by sth.因?yàn)槟呈露械嚼_get /be annoyed with sb.生某人的氣to sbs annoyance 讓某人惱火的是【活用】完成句子：1) Stop _ your mother. She is busy.2) He _ _ _ his lost ID card.答案：annoying ；was annoyed at17. frightened /fratnd/ adj.（人）受驚嚇的；（人感到）害怕的frighten v.fright n

16、.frightening adj.frightened adv.frighten sb. into doing sth. 恐嚇某人做某事frighten sb. out of doing sth.frighten sb. to death 使某人嚇得半死frighten sb. away 嚇走某人be frightened at/of/to do sth./that.with/in frightI was frightened of being left by myself in the house.I am frightened to look out of the plane window

17、.The sudden noise frightened us.The dog frightened the boy away.The boy was frightened he would get lost.They frightened him into telling them the secret.他們恐嚇?biāo)允顾f出秘密。18. senior/si:ni(r)/adj.（級(jí)別、地位等）較高的;年長的n.較年長者seniorhighschool（美國）高中【考點(diǎn)】1) seniorsin(r) adj. 較年老的；高級(jí)的；資歷較深的 n. 年長者；資格、等級(jí)較高者2) be junio

18、r / senior to比年少/長; 比資歷低/高【活用】1.He is my junior by four years.= He is _ _ _ by four years.2.詞義猜測：1) John Smith Junior is the son of John Smith.2) His elder brother is a junior doctor.3) A junior school is for the younger children.答案：1. junior to me 2. 1）在父子同樣稱呼時(shí)，后面加junior表示“兒子”，譯成“小”。2) 資歷較淺的3) 初級(jí)的1

19、9. at last終于;最后【經(jīng)典辨析】at last, finally, in the end這三個(gè)詞都有最后的意思，而且常?？梢曰Q使用。at last意思是最后，往往表示經(jīng)過一番努力或曲折的過程之后的意思，也有某人一直期待的事情終于發(fā)生了之意。常常有較濃厚的感情色彩。如：At last, the owner of the house said they could stay in the barn. 最終房子的主人同意讓他們?cè)诠葌}留宿。finally是副詞，一般指一系列事物或論點(diǎn)的順序，沒有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩。如：Finally she went to see the famous man

20、 and told him everything. 最后她去拜訪了那位知名人士并把一切告訴了他。in the end主要用于口語中，其意同finally，表示在(經(jīng)過)一段時(shí)間的思考之后的決定，如：In the end we decided not to buy it. 最后我們打算不買它了。20. outgoing / atg / adj.愛交際的sociable；外向的(反義ingoing)；開朗的(friendly and socially confident)n. outgoings: 日常支出，開銷 a persons regular expenditure 。I amoutgoin

21、g, optimistic and always an active participator in life.我是一個(gè)開朗樂觀的人，總是積極的面對(duì)生活。我喜歡孩子，熱愛教育。21. impression /mpren/ n.印象；感想make an impression留下好印象22. impress/mpres/vt.使欽佩；給留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目重點(diǎn)用法impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人銘記某事物 make/give/crate an impression on/upon. 給一個(gè)印象get/

22、have a good (bad) impression of sb./sth.對(duì)某人/某物的印象好(不好) have/get the impression that 有的印象impression n.c印象；感想 impressive adj.給人印象深刻的 練習(xí) 用impress的短語或介詞填空。1). Father _ _ me the value of hard work.2). One candidate in particular _ us _ her knowledge.3). You _ an excellent _ _ us.4). When I first met him

23、I _ _ _ _ he was a humorous man.答案：1). impressed; on 2). impressed; with 3). made; impression upon 4). had the impression that 23. what if如果會(huì)怎么樣呢？what if“如果將會(huì)怎樣；即使又有什么關(guān)系”，為省略結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于What shall we/I do if.? what if 中 what可看做是 what should sb. do (某人該怎么辦)或 what does it matter (有什么要緊) 或 what would happen

24、(將會(huì)如何)的省略。拓展：(1)What for? “為什么？”相當(dāng)于 Why?Well hold a party this weekend.我們要在這個(gè)周末開一個(gè)聚會(huì)。What for? 為什么呢？(2)So what? 那有什么了不起/有什么關(guān)系？He says he doesnt like you. 他說他不喜歡你。So what? 那有什么關(guān)系呢？(3)what about.怎么樣；怎么辦What about inviting him here? 邀請(qǐng)他來這兒怎么樣？(4)guess what 告訴你一個(gè)消息/情況Guess what! The boss is getting marr

25、ied.告訴你個(gè)消息！老板要結(jié)婚了。(5)Whats up? 相當(dāng)于 Whats the matter?Whats up? She is weeping over there.怎么了？她正在那邊兒哭呢。(6)Now what？下一步會(huì)怎樣？下一步怎么辦？應(yīng)用what if/what about/whats like/so what/whats more(1)_ some settings could endanger children？如果一些裝置可能對(duì)孩子們構(gòu)成危險(xiǎn)，那該怎么辦？(2)I know Sally is your best friend. _？我知道薩莉是你最好的朋友。那又怎么樣

26、？(3)_ the new captain _？新來的船長是個(gè)怎樣的人？(4)_ going to Singapore for our holiday this year？今年我們?nèi)バ录悠露燃僭趺礃樱?5)We invited a new speaker and, _， he is happy to come.我們邀請(qǐng)了一位新的發(fā)言人，而且，他很樂意來。答案：What if/ So what/Whats like/What about/ whats more24. guy / ga / n.小伙子；家伙fellow ；男人man;25. concentrate / knsntret / vt.

27、&vi.集中（注意力）；專心于;聚集會(huì)神【巧記】con-centr-ate.可聯(lián)想成:con共同，centr(e)中心，ate吃?？谠E：“全神貫注”共同去中心吃。記憶鏈：concentration n. 集中， 專心with deep concentration專心concentrated adj. 全力以赴的；專心致志的；集中的高考遷移：concentrate on / upon sth. 集中于，專心于concentrate attention/mind/energy/effort on/upon sth. 把注意力/思想/精力/努力集中于If you concentrate your e

28、nergy on the study of English, you will master the language.如果你集中精力學(xué)英語你會(huì)掌握這門語言的。 著眼寫作 豐富表達(dá) focus on sth., be bent on sth, apply oneself to sth.,throw oneself into sth., bury onself in sth.;be involved in sth.,26. experiment /kspermnt/ n.實(shí)驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)【用法提示】1). do / make / perform / conduct /carry out an expe

29、riment 進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn) / 試驗(yàn) 2). an experiment in 試驗(yàn) 3). experiment on / upon 在上做試驗(yàn) 4). experiment with 用做實(shí)驗(yàn) 5). by experiment 通過實(shí)驗(yàn) 【及時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1). Some environmentalists dont think its right to experiment _ Animals.2). Mr Wei Shusheng constantly experiments _ new teaching methods. 3). Some people learn _

30、 experiment and others learn experience. Key: 1). on 2). with 3). by, by 27. leave.alone不打擾.,不驚動(dòng).leave aside不考慮；擱置一邊leave out刪掉；漏掉；不理會(huì)；忽視leave behind遺留；把丟在后面leave.for.離開去leave賓語賓補(bǔ) 使處于They said that they had been left alone for days with no food in the house.他們說他們被單獨(dú)留在房子里已經(jīng)好幾天了，沒有食物。We tried to be fr

31、iendly，but his refusal made us think he wanted to be left alone.我們?cè)噲D友善，但他的拒絕使我們認(rèn)為他不想被打擾。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)語法填空They were so careless that they left out an important detail. Leave him alone，and obviously he has already become blind drunk.Leave aside，for a moment，the question of who is right.He was left behind in

32、 physics after he missed three classes.Never leave the machine working(work) all the time.I left the door unlocked(unlock) when I went out.He always leaves his room tidy(tidily)(2)If he is left alone，how is he supposed to live in such a harsh environment like this?Left alone，how is he supposed to li

33、ve in such a harsh environment like this？(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫句子)28. awkward / :kwd / adj.令人尷尬的;難對(duì)付的be awkward at/in在方面技巧拙劣的 be awkward with與一起感到不自在的,用笨拙的 It is/was+that/wh-clauseIt is awkward that Brown should be unable to play in our team this week.很糟糕,布朗本星期不能參加我隊(duì)的比賽。be awkward with 用不靈活anawkward/embarras

34、sing situation令人尷尬的處境29. junior / du:ni(r)/adj.地位（或職位、級(jí)別）低下的n.職位較低者;（體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中）青少年junior high school（美國）初級(jí)中學(xué)(反義詞 senior）1) be junior to sb 比某人職位低/年齡小She is junior to me2) be two years sbs junior= be two years junior to sb =be sbs junior by two She is three yearsjuniortoyou.=She isjuniortoyou by three ye

35、ars. 她比你小三歲。 He isjuniortome in the firm. 在公司里，他的職位比我低。I am only ajuniorperson(無名小卒).We could give the job to somebodyjunior. She is three yearsjuniorto you.=She is junior to you by three years.她比你小三歲。 He is junior to me in the firm. 在公司里,他的職位比我低。 James Smith, Jun., is playing in the garden.小詹姆斯斯密斯正

36、在花園里玩耍。Tom is myjunior(晚輩). Of the two officers, James is thejunior.下級(jí) Tom is an excellentjunior(三年級(jí)學(xué)生). 30. explore / kspl:(r)/ vt.& vi.探索；勘探搭配： explore sth for sth 為了某物而勘探 eg: They explored the land to the south of the river for oil. (2)探究，仔細(xì)查閱 eg: Ill explore the possibility of getting a job here

37、. exploration n.探險(xiǎn)，探索，試探 explorer n. 探險(xiǎn)者31. confident /knfdnt/ adj.自信的；有把握的be confidentof/that確信；有把握confident作形容詞用，表示“有信心的，有把握的”，后可接of短語或that從句。Hefeelsconfidentofpassingtheexamination=Hefeelsconfidentthathecanpasstheexamination他相信能考試及格。32. confidence /knfdns/ n.信心;信任；自信心confidence是名詞，意為“信賴，信任”“信心”，可

38、以說haveloseconfidenceinsb“對(duì)某人有(失去)信心”?！颈乇尘湫汀縣ave confidence in sb./sth. 或that從句.相信.;對(duì)有信心.confidence除可接that從句外,還可接動(dòng)詞不定式。例如:I hadnt got enough confidence to go ahead.我沒有足夠的信心前進(jìn)了?！練w納拓展】be confident in sth 對(duì)有信心be confident about/of (doing) sth 對(duì)(做)某事有把握；確信be confident that 確信，肯定，自信confidence n. 信心have co

39、nfidence in對(duì)有信心confidently adv. 自信地 （1）I feel confident _ the future of rock music in China. 我對(duì)搖滾樂在中國的前景充滿信心。（2）We have _ in saying that the new record will be broken soon. 我們有信心說新的紀(jì)錄將很快會(huì)被打破。（3）He sat there smiling, _ winning the game.他微笑著坐在那兒，確信自己會(huì)贏得比賽。答案：（1）about/of（2）confidence（3）confident about/

40、of【語境助記】She has confidence in herself, for she believes confidence is the first step on the road to success. As a result, she is always doing everything confidently. 她對(duì)自己有信心，因?yàn)樗钚判判氖峭ㄍ晒Φ牡谝徊?。因此，她總是充滿信心地做每一件事情。33. forward / f:wd /adv.（also forwards）向前;前進(jìn)adj.向前的;前進(jìn)的look forward to 盼望；期待特征forward的意思是“向

41、前”，其反義詞為backward（向后）。- He was asked to take two steps forward.他被要求向前走兩步。- The meeting was moved forward from the 11th to the 8th.會(huì)議日期從11日提前到8日。備考必背 重要詞組look forward to 盼望，期待（to為介詞，后面要接動(dòng)名詞）- I look forward to hearing from you soon.我期待很快收到你的來信。backward(s) and forward(s) 來回地 put forward 提出- He put forw

42、ard a new proposal at the meeting.他在會(huì)議上提出一項(xiàng)新建議。34. take notes記筆記take notes of表示“記錄”,take note of表示“注意”。35. flash/fl/n.閃光;信號(hào)vi.閃耀；閃光；發(fā)出信號(hào)vt.使閃耀；使閃光；發(fā)出（信號(hào)）flash card教學(xué)卡片；識(shí)字卡【必背典例】 1). Why is the driver flashing his lights at the car in front of his? 那司機(jī)為什么朝他前面的那輛車閃光？ 2). Mary liked flashing her diamon

43、d necklace. 瑪麗喜歡炫耀她的鉆石項(xiàng)鏈。 3). A car flashed by a moment ago. 一會(huì)兒之前一輛小車疾馳而過。 4). The child was frightened by the flash of lightning. 這孩子被閃電嚇著了。 【高考考點(diǎn)】 1). flash + 名詞 閃燈（發(fā)出信號(hào)）；迅速發(fā)出（新聞、消息） 2). flash into / across / through (想法)掠過 / 閃現(xiàn) 3). lightning flash 閃電 4). a flash of lightning一道閃電5). in a flash -v

44、ery quickly; immediately迅速，飛快，轉(zhuǎn)眼間；立刻，馬上 6). flash back 回想，回溯 7). news flash新聞快報(bào)【及時(shí)訓(xùn)練】 用flash 及其短語填空。 1. I _ on something, but I cant think what it is, something empty, something white. 2. His words were cut short by a blinding _ in his head. 3. The stars _ in the night sky. 4. Well be back _ . Key:

45、1. flash 2. flash 3. flash 4. in a flash she was out of the back door in a flash. 眨眼間她已出了后門。36. organise NAmE- ize/:(r)gnaz/vt.組織；籌備；安排；組建vi.組建；成立37. organisation NAmE- ization /:gnazen/ n.組織;團(tuán)體;機(jī)構(gòu)organ n. 器官，機(jī)關(guān)，組織，風(fēng)琴，organic adj. 有機(jī)的，生物的；有機(jī)體的；器官的，臟器的organism n.有機(jī)體，生物digestive organs 消化器官Parliament

46、is the main organ of government 國會(huì)是政府的主要機(jī)構(gòu)。Organic farming38. goal / gl / n.目標(biāo);球門; 射門score a goal 射門得分set a goal 設(shè)定目標(biāo)achieve/reach a goal 達(dá)到目標(biāo) 39. strategy /strtdi/ n.策略；策劃astrategyfor “的方法/策略” strategicstrtidkadj.戰(zhàn)略(上)的;有戰(zhàn)略意義的; 至關(guān)重要的very important 40. partner / p:tn(r)/ n.同伴;配偶；合伙人as a partner作為伙伴h

47、ave sb for a partner有某人作為伙伴41. curious /kjris/ adj.好奇的;求知欲強(qiáng)的 重點(diǎn)用法 curiosity n. 好奇心 curiously adv. 好奇地out of curiosity 出于好奇with curiosity = curiously好奇地 be curious about sth. 對(duì)某事好奇 be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事練習(xí) 用curiousity的短語或其適當(dāng)形式填空。1). Margaret looked at him _ _. 2). She decided to try a cigarette

48、 _ _ _.3). All the employees in this firm _ _ _ the personal life of the general manager.4). _ enough, he had never seen the little girl.3). _ drove Mary to open her husband s letter though she knew it was wrong.Keys: 1). with curiosity 2). out of curiosity 3). are curious about 4). Curiously 5). Cu

49、riosity 42. company / kmpni/ n.公司；商行;陪伴【經(jīng)典口語】I enjoy your company.我喜歡有你做伴。May fair winds company your safe return! 愿和風(fēng)伴你平安歸來。Please keep me company for a while.能陪陪我嗎? 注：keep me company：和我在一起、交往、親近【經(jīng)典諺語】Twos company, threes none. 兩人成伴，三人不歡。Good company on the road is the shortest cut.（行路有良伴就是捷徑。）Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.近朱者赤，近墨者黑。A man is known by the company he keeps.與其交友知其為人?！窘?jīng)典短語搭配】have company有人做伴；有客人receive a great deal of comp