機(jī)械外文翻譯中英文

1、膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊

2、肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿

3、芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃

4、肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀

5、羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄

6、膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿

7、肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃

8、芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇

9、肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁

10、羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈膂螀蚅芀芁蒀袀膆芀薂蚃肂艿螄衿肈羋蒄螁羄芇薆羇節(jié)芇蠆螀膈芆螁羅肄芅蒁螈羀莄薃羃袆莃蚅螆膅莂蒅羂膁莂薇裊肇莁蝕肀羃莀螂袃芁荿蒂蚆

11、膇蒈薄袁肅蕆蚆蚄罿蒆莆衿裊蒆薈螞芄蒅蝕羈膀蒄螃螀肆蒃蒂羆羂蒂薅蝿芁薁蚇羄膇薀蝿螇肅薀葿羃罿膆蟻螅羅膅螄肁芃膄蒃襖腿膃薆聿肅膃蚈袂羈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀

12、薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄

13、袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈

14、蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃

15、薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇

16、螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁

17、薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈

18、袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂

19、螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆

20、蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁

21、螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞

22、薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀

23、袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆

24、螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁

25、蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅

26、螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿

27、薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄

28、螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈

29、蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)

30、袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿

31、螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃

32、蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈

33、螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂

34、蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆

35、袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄羈芃莄螂羀羂蕿螈罿膅莂蚄羈芇蚇薀羇荿蒀衿羆聿芃螅羅膁蒈蟻肅芄芁薇肄羃蕆蒃肅肅芀袁肂羋薅螇肁莀莈蚃肀肀薃蕿聿膂莆袈聿芄薂螄膈莇莄蝕膇肆薀薆螃腿莃薂螃莁蚈袁螂肁蒁螇螁膃蚆螞螀芅葿薈蝿莈節(jié)袇袈肇蒈螃袇腿芀蠆袇節(jié)蒆蚅袆肁艿薁裊膄薄袀襖芆莇螆袃莈薂螞袂肈蒞薈羈膀薁蒄薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈

36、芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅

37、膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿

38、莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅

39、膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇

40、蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂

41、芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆

42、膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀

43、莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇

44、膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀蝕蚃袇荿蠆裊肂蒞蠆羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇蚇蝿羃蒅蚆袂腿莁螅羄羂芇螄蚄膇膃莁螆羀聿莀羈膆蒈荿蚈肈莄莈螀芄芀莇袃肇膆莆羅衿蒄莆蚅肅莀蒅螇袈芆蒄衿肅膂蒃蠆袆膈蒂螁膁

45、蕆蒁袃羄莃蒀羆膀艿蒀蚅羃膅葿螈膈肁薈袀羈莀薇薀膆芆薆螂罿節(jié)薅襖芅膈薄羇肇蒆薄蚆袀莂薃蝿肆羋螞袁衿膄蟻薁肄肀 附錄附錄1英文原文rolling contact bearingsthe concern of a machine designer with ball and roller bearings is fivefold as follows:(a) life in relation to load; (b) stiffness,ie.deflections under load; (c) friction; (d) wear; (e) noise. for moderate loads a

46、nd speeds the correct selection of a standard bearing on the basis of a load rating will become important where loads are high,although this is usually of less magnitude than that of the shafts or other components associated with the bearing. where speeds are high special cooling arrangements become

47、 necessary which may increase fricitional drag. wear is primarily associated with the introduction of contaminants,and sealing arrangements must be chosen with regard to the hostility of the environment. because the high quality and low price of ball and roller bearing depends on quantity production

48、,the task of the machine designer becomes one of selection rather than design. rolling-contact bearings are generally made with steel which is through-hardened to about 900hv,although in many mechanisms special races are not provided and the interacting surfaces are hardened to about 600hv. it is no

49、t surprising that,owing to the high stresses involved,a predominant form of failure should be metal fatigue, and a good deal of work is based on accept values of life and it is general practice in bearing industry to define the load capacity of the bearing as that value below which 90 percent of a b

50、atch will exceed life of one million revolutions. notwithstanding the fact that responsibility for basic design of ball and roller bearings rests with the bearing manufacturer, the machine designer must form a correct appreciation of the duty to be performed by the bearing and be concerned not only

51、with bearing selection but with the conditions for correct installation. the fit of the bearing races onto the shaft or onto the housings is of critical importance because of their combined effect on the internal clearance of the bearing as well as preserving the desired degree of interference fit.

52、inadequate interference can induce serious trouble from fretting corrosion. the inner race is frequently located axially by against a shoulder. a radius at this point is essential for the avoidance of stress concentration and ball races are provided with a radius or chamfer to follow space for this.

53、where life is not the determining factor in design, it is usual to determine maximum loading by the amount to which a bearing will deflect under load. thus the concept of static load-carrying capacity is understood to mean the load that can be applied to a bearing, which is either stationary or subj

54、ect to slight swiveling motions, without impairing its running qualities for subsequent rotational motion. this has been determined by practical experience as the load which when applied to a bearing results in a total deformation of 0.0025mm for a ball 25mm in diameter. the successful functioning o

55、f many bearings depends upon providing them with adequate protection against their environment, and in some circumstances the environment must be protected from lubricants or products of deterioration of the bearing design. moreover, seals which are applied to moving parts for any purpose are of int

56、erest to tribologists because they are components of bearing systems and can only be designed satisfactorily on basis of the appropriate bearing theory. notwithstanding their importance, the amount of research effort that has been devoted to the understanding of the behavior of seals has been small

57、when compared with that devoted to other aspects of bearing technology.lathes lathes are widely used in industry to produce all kinds of machined parts. some are general purpose machines, and others are used to perform highly specialized operations. engine lathesengine lathes, of course, are general

58、-purpose machine used in production and maintenance shop all over the the world. sized ranger from small bench models to huge heavy duty pieces of equipment. many of the larger lathes come equipped with attachments not commonly found in the ordinary shop, such as automatic shop for the carriage.trac

59、er or duplicating lathesthe tracer or duplicating lathe is designed o produce irregularly shaped parts automatically. the basic operation of this lathe is as fallows. a template of either a flat or three-dimensional shape is placed in a holder. a guide or pointer then moves along this shape and its movement controls that of the cutting tool. the duplication may include a square or tapered shoulder, grooves, tapers, and contours. work such as motor shafts, spindles, pistons, rods, car axles, turbine shafts, and a var