高考三大從句考點(diǎn)與陷阱題解析

1、高考三大從句考點(diǎn)與陷阱題解析 高考從句陷阱題典型考題講解與練習(xí) 定語(yǔ)從句 典型陷阱題分析 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語(yǔ)。 【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而在該從句中，主語(yǔ)是 high mountai

2、ns，around which 是表語(yǔ)，所以句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was.請(qǐng)做以下類例題目： （1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are （2） The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are （3）

3、 Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？” A. that B. which C. where

4、 D. what 【陷阱】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語(yǔ)。 【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語(yǔ)法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語(yǔ)境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒(méi)有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？ 3. _ is know

5、n to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)。 【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。比較下面一題： _ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 此題it 為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的 that 從句。 （1）

6、_ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It （2） _ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It （3） _ is mentioned above is that the number of the students in senior sc

7、hool is increasing. A. Which B. As C. What D. It 4. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such that 句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順。 【分析】最佳答案為C，不是A，因?yàn)樵趕uch that （如此以至）結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，

8、句末的動(dòng)詞 like 缺賓語(yǔ)。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時(shí) as 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞 like 的賓語(yǔ)，句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會(huì)問(wèn)，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用that. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom It was not such a good d

9、inner _ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as 5. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which 【陷阱】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指 the buses. 【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 the buses. 第1頁(yè) /共 10頁(yè) （1） His house, for _

10、he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which （2） Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which （3） This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which （4） George, with _ I played t

11、ennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person. A. that B. him C. them D. whom （5） Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom （6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom 6. He had thousand

12、s of students, many of _ gained great success in their own field. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易誤選 B，用 them 代指 students. 【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。假若在many of 的前面加上連詞and，則選答案B.比較以下各題： （1） He asked a lot of questions, none of _ was easy to answer

13、. A. which B. them C. what D. that （2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of _ was easy to answer. A. them B. which C. what D. that （3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _ knew anything about the other. A. whom B. them C. which D. who （4） He told me that he had two girl-friends,

14、 and neither of _ knew anything about the other. A. them B. whom C. which D. who 7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 【分析】最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 invited 并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動(dòng)詞 w

15、ere，則是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，答案便應(yīng)選A.比較： （1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that （2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that （3） They put forward a

16、lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 【陷阱】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 【分析】最佳答案是A.與上面一題相似，their parents se

17、ated together joking 不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 seated 不是謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞，因?yàn)?seat 作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題： seat vt.坐 sb + be seated +地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)； sb + seat oneself + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) sit vi.坐 sb + is sitting/ sat + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) （1） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking.

18、A. their B. whose C. which D. that （2） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that （3） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. w

19、hich D. that （4） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that （5） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 9. If the man is

20、 only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 第2頁(yè) /共 10頁(yè) 【分析】正確答案為D，注意逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，逗號(hào)后是該狀語(yǔ)從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語(yǔ)。 （1） If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that （2） If you want a doubl

21、e room, _ will cost another 15. A. as B. which C. what D. that （3） Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so （4） When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that 10. She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent wor

22、king as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. how D. where 【陷阱】容易誤選B，機(jī)械地認(rèn)為時(shí)間名詞后必須用關(guān)系副詞when，地點(diǎn)名詞后用關(guān)系副詞 where. 【分析】正確答案為A.在時(shí)間名詞和地點(diǎn)名詞后是否用關(guān)系副詞要看它在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，若用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞；若用作狀語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系副詞。上面一題中的動(dòng)詞 spent 缺賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 which或that.比較下面一題，由于空格后的句子不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，所以選關(guān)系副詞when： She says that shell never

23、forget the time _ she works as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. how D. where （1） Our company will move to a tall building _ we bought last month. A. which B. when C. how D. where （2） Our company will move to a tall building _ has just been complete. A. which B. when C. how D. where （3

24、） Our company will move to a tall building _ we worked two years ago. A. where B. when C. that D. which 精編陷阱題訓(xùn)練 1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew 2. In the office I never seem to have ti

25、me until after 5：30 pm, _ many people have gone home. A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time “by +時(shí)間點(diǎn)”必須加“完成時(shí)” 模式：有3個(gè)“引導(dǎo)詞”一般都需要加上某個(gè)詞，才能引導(dǎo)從句 how+ adj/adv +主語(yǔ) however, no matter how which + 名詞 + 主語(yǔ) whichever whose+ 名詞 + 主語(yǔ) 但定從里，有時(shí)可以說(shuō) “介詞+ which time” 3. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for

26、 his carelessness in his work？ A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which 5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _ effects he still suffers

27、. A. which B. that C. whose D. what 6. Its said that hes looking for a new job, one _ he can get more money to support his family. A. when B. where C. that D. which 7. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 8. The little time we have together we

28、ll try _ wisely. A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that 此題是the little time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀從 但也要注意隱藏的定語(yǔ)從句： “名詞/代詞+ sb”一般都是定從，從sb開始，且前面的名詞在定從中作賓語(yǔ) 9. The old building, behind _ was a famous church, was _ we used to work. A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where 10. W

29、e will be shown around the city： schools, museums, and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go. A. what B. which C. where D. when 11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, _ the country became united. A. when B. if C. since D. until since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)， 主句為（1）完成時(shí)；（2）It is/has been + 時(shí)間段 + since

30、 13. You could see the runners very well from _ we stood. A. which B. where C. that D. when 14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. 第3頁(yè) /共 10頁(yè) A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 用含有of的短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的定從： （1）所有格： the +名詞 +of + which/whom （2）范圍中：

31、 some/the latter + of which/whom 15. What have you got _ will help a cold？ A. what B. that C. it D. who You have got that will help a cold. 用“還原法”來(lái)做 問(wèn)句、倒裝句、被動(dòng)句。 16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _ he spoke to me. A. how B. that C. what D. which 17. Do you know the man from _ hou

32、se the pictures were stolen？ A. which B. that C. what D. whose 18. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 做從句題對(duì)于某些內(nèi)容要有“敏感性” （1）有“內(nèi)容/內(nèi)涵”的名詞(fact/truth/conclusion/decision/doubt)+從句 ? 同位語(yǔ)

33、從句 （2）“抽象的地點(diǎn)”（condition/situation/case/point/state/job）+從句 ? where引導(dǎo)的定從 “抽象的時(shí)間”（stay/visit）+ when （3）“指物的不定代詞” “指人的不定代詞” （4）“要某人做某事”的動(dòng)詞+ 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（省略should）, 多為“建議/命令/要求”等意義的詞。 19. Is this all that you need？ If you married me, Id give you everything you _. A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. are wanting 2

34、0. I met the teacher in the street yesterday _ taught me English three years ago. A. which B. when C. where D. who 21. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 22. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great impor

35、tance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is 注意：“插入語(yǔ)” （1）用逗號(hào)和主句分開的成分： believe it or not, to my surprise, whats more, generally speaking, （2）特殊疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)詞后的do you think/guess/suppose等：后面的成分不需要倒裝 （3）從句，引導(dǎo)詞后的sb think/guess/suppose/say （4）特殊疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)詞后的on earth

36、/ in the world/ at all/ the hell“究竟，到底” What on earth are you doing? = What are you doing on earth? 比較：What do you think you are doing? 考點(diǎn)：be + of great +抽象名詞（help/hope/use/value/importance） be + very+對(duì)應(yīng)形容詞(helpful/hopeful/valuable/important) 23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the

37、 play, _, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _ they faced many years ago. A. that B. which C. that which D. it “that”可以替代the one: the one (that) ;be similar to 與類似； （1）介詞后不能加“以that作為引導(dǎo)詞的從句” （2）be similar to the one (that

38、) they faced 25. I saw some trees the leaves of _ were black with disease. A. that B. which C. it D. what 26. The famous basketballer, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who 27. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings

39、, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _ she had arranged with James. A. the which was what B. what was that C. which was what D. that was that 名詞性從句 典型陷阱題分析 1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant. A. that B. what C. that that D. what what 第4頁(yè) /共 10頁(yè) 【陷阱】可能誤選

40、B.許多同學(xué)一看選項(xiàng)首先就排除了C和D，認(rèn)為這樣兩個(gè)“引導(dǎo)詞”疊用的情況不太可能。在A和B兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)A肯定不行，因?yàn)樗龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能充當(dāng)句子成分，所以便選擇了B. 【分析】正確答案選 D.第一個(gè)what 用作動(dòng)詞 meant 的賓語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)what 用作動(dòng)詞 said 的賓語(yǔ)，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 為主句，what what he said meant 為賓語(yǔ)從句，而在此賓語(yǔ)從句中又包括有 what he said 這樣一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。 2. After _ ha

41、d happened he could not continue to work there. A. which B. how C. what D. having 【陷阱】可能誤選A. 【分析】最佳答案選 C.有的同學(xué)誤選A，是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為介詞后應(yīng)接關(guān)系代詞 which，但實(shí)際上，若填關(guān)系代詞，其前沒(méi)有先行詞，這根據(jù)不是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主語(yǔ)，所以B和D也不能選。請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鱿旅嬉活}： He pointed to _ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.” Tomb Raider A. that B. what C. which D

42、. as 3.“Is _ you want to say？” asked the teacher. A. this B. that C. all that D. that all 【陷阱】根據(jù)中文字面意思誤選A或B. 【分析】最佳答案選 D.假若選A或B，那么轉(zhuǎn)換成陳述句即為：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 顯然句中的兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 is與want相沖突。選D組成的句子是 Is that all you want to say？ 其中的that 為句子主語(yǔ)，all 為表語(yǔ)，you want to say 為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾

43、all. 4. “When _ leave for Japan？” “When _ leave for Japan is kept secret.” A. they will, will they B. will they, they will C. they will, they will D. will they, will they 【陷阱】可能誤選D，認(rèn)為 when 后應(yīng)用疑問(wèn)句詞序。 【分析】最佳答案選 B.第一個(gè)when引出的是一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句，故用疑問(wèn)詞序；第二個(gè) when 引出的是主語(yǔ)從句，故其后用陳述句詞序。請(qǐng)做以下試題： （1） None knows if _ that bo

44、y, but if _ him, her parents will be disappointed. A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry （2） “Where _ go to work？” “Where _ go to work is not known.” A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we C. shall we, we shal

45、l D. we shall, shall we 5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。 【分析】此題最佳答案為D.首先可以排除A和C，因?yàn)榭崭裉帉?shí)為一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，所以不能用疑問(wèn)句詞序。另一方面，但按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，當(dāng)用于指代身份不明的人時(shí)，要用代詞it，而不用 he 或she等。比較以下兩句： Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在門口，他想見你。 Someone is at the door. It may