公安邊防消防警衛(wèi)部隊(duì)院校招收士兵學(xué)員文化考試英語考試大綱

1、公安邊防消防警衛(wèi)部隊(duì)院校招收士兵學(xué)員文化考試英語大綱考試性質(zhì)公安邊防、消防、警衛(wèi)院校招收士兵學(xué)員統(tǒng)一考試是指公安邊防、消防、 警衛(wèi)部隊(duì)士兵考生參加的選拔性考試。院校根據(jù)考生的成績，按已確定的招生 計(jì)劃，德、智、體全面衡量，擇優(yōu)錄取。因此，考試應(yīng)有較高的信度、效度、 必要的區(qū)分度和適當(dāng)?shù)碾y度。考試范圍和能力要求1考試范圍包括語音、詞匯、語法、日常交際用語、閱讀和翻譯六個(gè)方面，其中以測 試英語基礎(chǔ)知識和基于這些知識的基本語言應(yīng)用能力為重點(diǎn)。2能力要求英語考試主要在記憶、理解和綜合應(yīng)用三個(gè)層次上檢測考生英語基礎(chǔ)知識 和基本技能。記憶：能記住本大綱規(guī)定的語音、語法知識；能記住單詞的拼寫、讀音、 基本詞

2、義及主要用法，能記住本大綱規(guī)定的短語、習(xí)慣用語的意思和主要用 法。理解：能正確使用語言、語法和日常交際用語知識，能恰當(dāng)和基本正確理 解使用中的各種語言現(xiàn)象，能讀懂英語表達(dá)連貫的基本語言材料。綜合應(yīng)用：能使用本大綱規(guī)定的各類語言知識，整體理解不同形式的語 篇，能在特定的語境中比較得體地表達(dá)自己的連貫意思，能有效地識別語篇中 的明顯失誤，具有一定的英漢互譯能力?？荚囆问脚c試卷結(jié)構(gòu)1考試形式考試采取閉卷、筆試形式。試卷滿分 100 分，考試時(shí)間 120 分鐘。2試卷結(jié)構(gòu)和題型比例語音知識 ,約 5詞匯與語法知識 ,約 25完形填空 ,約 10閱讀理解 ,約 30補(bǔ)全對話 ,約 10英漢互譯 ,約 2

3、0%語音知識題型為選擇題，包括若干小題。每小題列出四個(gè)單詞，每個(gè)單詞 中均有劃線標(biāo)明的一個(gè)字母或字母組合。要求考生辨別劃線部分的讀音，找出 讀音不同于組內(nèi)其他劃線部分讀音的單詞。詞匯與語法知識題型為選擇題，包括若干小題。每小題是一個(gè)留有空白的 不完整的英語句子。要求考生在小題下面的四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入句中 空白處的正確或最佳的一項(xiàng)。完形填空題型為選擇題。向考生提供一篇約 200 個(gè)詞以內(nèi)的短文。文中留 出 10 處空白，文后為每個(gè)空白提供四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)，要求考生在通讀全文領(lǐng)會(huì)大意 的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)已經(jīng)掌握的詞匯、語法知識并結(jié)合自己的常識進(jìn)行分析判斷， 從選擇項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)空白選出正確或最佳的一項(xiàng)，

4、使全篇成為內(nèi)容連貫、沒有語 法錯(cuò)誤的通順文章。閱讀理解題型為選擇題或自由應(yīng)答題。向考生提供四段短文，總閱讀量不 超過 1000 個(gè)詞。短文題材包括日常生活、天文、地理、歷史、文化、科技常 識、人物傳記等。體裁有記敘文、說明文和應(yīng)用文等。每篇短文后有數(shù)量不等 的關(guān)于短文內(nèi)容的問題或不完整的句子。要求考生在仔細(xì)閱讀短文以后，從每個(gè)問題或不完整的句子下面的四個(gè)選 擇項(xiàng)中，選出可以用來回答問題或補(bǔ)全句子的正確或最佳的一項(xiàng)?；蛘吣芨鶕?jù) 短文意思補(bǔ)全句子、回答問題?？忌鷳?yīng)能通過閱讀掌握每篇短文的主旨大意、主要事實(shí)、有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)以及上 下文的邏輯關(guān)系等；既能看懂短文的字面意思，又能推論出短文的隱含意思； 既能回

5、答就文章局部細(xì)節(jié)提出的問題，又能回答有關(guān)文章總體內(nèi)容的問題。補(bǔ)全對話題型為自由應(yīng)答題或選擇題。向考生提供一段不完整的對話。要 求考生根據(jù)試題說明中交待的背景和情節(jié)，把缺少的部分補(bǔ)寫出來，或者從選 擇項(xiàng)中選擇合適或最佳項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全對話?？忌龖?yīng)掌握必要的詞匯、語法知識外， 還要熟悉英語中有關(guān)日常生活的某些表達(dá)方式，例如：問候、告別、介紹、感 謝、道歉、邀請、提議、命令、請求、愿意不愿意、同意不同意等。英漢互譯題型為自由應(yīng)答題。要求考生翻譯正確，無明顯語法錯(cuò)誤，標(biāo)點(diǎn) 使用無誤，并切合原題意思。3試題難度比例較易題 ,約 40中等難度題 ,約 50較難題 ,約 10考試內(nèi)容一、語音掌握英語音素，英語字母及

6、常用字母組合在單詞中的讀音。掌握英語的基 本語調(diào)以及使用語調(diào)的規(guī)則，并能在實(shí)踐中正確運(yùn)用這些規(guī)則。能在簡單的日 常會(huì)話中使用正確的語音語調(diào)。二、詞匯掌握 1800 個(gè)左右常用英語單詞和一定數(shù)量的短語和習(xí)慣用語，對單詞能 認(rèn)、會(huì)讀，了解詞義及其在語句中的作用。對使用頻率較高的單詞和短語，要 求會(huì)拼寫和能正確使用，知道一些常用詞的近義詞和反義詞。能夠根據(jù)上下文 或利用基本的構(gòu)詞法知識判斷語篇中生詞的含義。三、語法較熟練地掌握下列各項(xiàng)語法知識并了解它們，并能在實(shí)際語言運(yùn)用中正確 使用。(一)詞法1名詞的種類、數(shù)和所有格 名詞分普通名詞和專有名詞。名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式和構(gòu)成(book-books,bus-bu

7、ses,radio-radios,tomato-tomatoes,story-stories,knife-knives,man- men,sheep-sheep， child-children 等)；專有名詞 (John, Young Pioneer, America 等)；名詞的所有格(Mike s father,students bedroom, a map of th等Worl不可 數(shù)名詞(water, tea, paper等)；不可數(shù)名詞量化表示法(例a piece of paper, a cup of tea and a bowl of water )。2冠詞 (a/an, the

8、)的基本用法3代詞的用法人稱代詞的主格和賓格(we,you,they,she;us,you,them,her等)；形容詞性物主 代詞(my , your ,her ,his等)；名詞性物主代詞 (ours, yours, mine, his, hers, theirs 等)；指示代詞(this , that ,these , those等);不定代詞(some, any等)；疑問代詞 (what , who ,whose , which,why, where, when 等)；關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, whose, which, that, as等)；關(guān)系副詞(when,where,

9、why)等。4.“ it作引導(dǎo)詞，非人稱代詞和在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的用法It is important for us to learn English.They find it interesting to do this experiment.It was at 11 o clock that they came back.5數(shù)詞的基本用法基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其基本用法；序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其基本用法；加、減、乘、 除運(yùn)算表示法；時(shí)間、年代、年齡表示法。6形容詞和副詞的用法形容詞的基本用法 （作定語、表語、補(bǔ)足語等 ）副詞的基本用法 （表示時(shí)間、 地點(diǎn)、方式、程度和頻度 ）。形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成 （

10、-er, -est; more, the most以及特殊的形式）基本句型：-as+原級形式+as-notas/so+原級形式+as- -比較級形式+than-the比較級形式,the比較級形式 No sooner-than-the+最高 級形式 +-in/of-7動(dòng)詞的種類、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和非謂語動(dòng)詞1）動(dòng)詞的種類（ 1）行為動(dòng)詞或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞（ 2）連系動(dòng)詞 （ be, look, turn, get, become, etc）（ 3）助動(dòng)詞 （be, do, have, shall, will, etc ）（ 4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 （can, may, must, need, etc ）2）時(shí)態(tài)（ 1）

11、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)He gets up at six onthcelomckoirning.She doesn t speak Chinese.The earth go around the sun.（2）一般過去時(shí)He was in Grade Two last year.She got up five yesterday morning.（ 3）一般將來時(shí)Shall we go to your school tomorrow?They will be free next week.She is going to do her homework this evening.（ 4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)He is

12、 doing his homework now.We are playing football on the playground now.（ 5）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)They were singing when I came here.They have lived there for five years.（ 6）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)He has already finished his homework.They have lived there for five years.（ 7）過去完成時(shí)We had learned 1000 words by the end of last year.When I

13、got there she had gone already.（ 8）過去將來時(shí)She said she would go to Beijing the next day.Tom said he was going to see his uncle.3）語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)（ 1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)English is taught in that school.2）一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)The song was written by that singer.（ 3）一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)The work has been done already.（ 4）帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)She mu

14、st be sent to hospital at once.4）非謂語動(dòng)詞的基本用法（ 1）動(dòng)詞不定式的用法 作主語To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 作賓語They began to read. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語Jim asked me to help him with his lessons.Try to make him stay with us. 作定語I have an important meeting to attend. 作表語She went to

15、 see her grandma yesterday. 用在 how, when, where, what, which 等之后I don t know how to us a computer.Do you know when to start?He didn tknow what to do next.（ 2）動(dòng)名詞的用法 作主語Seeing is believing.It is useless arguing about it. 作表語Her job is looking after children. 作賓語I like singing.He suggested having a pa

16、rty at the weekend. 作定語There is swimming pool in our school.This is a sleeping car.（3）分詞的用法 作表語The situation is encouraging.The boy was greatly encouraged. 作定語Our country is a developing country.The car ran along the school gate. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語I saw them waiting at the school gate.I saw the door closed. 作狀語

17、Hearing the noise, they immediately stopped talking.Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elephant. 8常用介詞和連詞 掌握詞匯表中所列介詞和連詞的用法。（二）句法1句子種類1）陳述句（肯定式與否定式）They go to school at seven in the morning.She isn t a worker.2）疑問句（ 1）一般疑問句Are you a teacher?Does she speak English?（ 2）特殊疑問句When were you

18、 born?Why do you study English?3）反意疑問句He comes here one or that one?Does she life math or Chinese?（ 4）選擇疑問句Do you want this one or that one?Does she like math or Chinese?3）祈使句Come here, please!Don t do anythinglike that!4）感嘆What a fine day it is today!How fine it is today!5）并列句I turned on the TV and

19、 we sat down and watched it.6）復(fù)合句（ 1）名詞性從句 主語從句：What he said is right.Whether she will come or not is still a question. 賓語從句：I don t know why he left withoutsaying a word.He said （that） he would come. 表語從句：That is where he was born.That is why he hasn t come yet.同位語從句：Do you know the news that my fa

20、ther will come back from America?That is the reason why he hasn t come yet.（ 2）定語從句The man who is reading the newspaper is Mr. Li.Achemist s shop is shop which sells medicine.This is the room in which we lived last year.I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.The hospital where my moth

21、er works is in the north of the city.Huang Hong, whose father is a doctor, studies computer science in the U.S （3）狀語從句 時(shí)間狀語從句：When Tom returns, I ll give him the key. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句：He works where he studied and lived. 方式狀語從句：He didn t doasit I had told him.條件狀語從句：We ll go to the Great Wall if it is fine to

22、morrow.目的狀語從句：We climbed high so that we might get a better view.結(jié)果狀語從句：ATV set can be made so small that it may be easily placed in a watch.原因狀語從句：Now that we finish reading, we will go on to writing.讓步狀語從句：He passed the exam although he had been ill for some time.2句子主語、謂語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語、直接賓語和間接 賓

23、語 3倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)Hardly had I opened the door whenhe rushed in.4五種基本句型主語+ 連系動(dòng)詞+表語(S+Li nk-V+P)The bike is new.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(S+Vt+O)Children often sing this song.主語 +不及物動(dòng)詞 (S+Vi)He sings well.主語 +及物動(dòng)詞 +間接賓語 +直接賓語 (S+TV+IO+DO)She showed her friends her pictures.主語+ 及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(S+TV+O+C)We keep our classroom clean a

24、nd tidy.5主謂的一致關(guān)系Jim and Mike have seen the film.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.Two and there is (are) five.Her family is large.The family are sitting at the supper table.四、日常交際用語 較熟練掌握日常交際用語，并能在實(shí)際生活中靈活運(yùn)用，符合英美交際習(xí)慣。1問候 GreetingsGood morning/afternoon/evening. Hello/Hi.How are you? Fine, th

25、ank you, and you?Very well, thank you.2介紹 Introductiona. This is Mr./ Mrs. /Miss /Ms /ComradeI d like you to me-e-t-b. How do you do?Nice/ Glad / Pleased to see / meet you.c. My name isI m a (student/teacher, etc.)d. I m Chinese.3告別 Farewell22 / 22a. Im afraid I musltebaeving now.I think it s time f

26、or us to leave now.b. Good-bye! (Bye-bye! Bye!)See you later/tomorrow. (See you)Good night.4感謝和應(yīng)答 Thanks and responsesa. Thank you (very much).Thank a lot. Many thanks.Thanks forb. It s very kind of yo-u-tNoot at allIt s /That s all right. You re welcome.5祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答 Good wishes, congratulations &respo

27、nsesa. Good luck! Best wishes to you! I wish you good luck/success! Have a nice /good time.b. Thank you. The same to you.c. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Happy birthday to you. 6道歉、遺憾和應(yīng)答 Apologies, regrets, sympathies & responsesa. Sorry/Pardon. I m sorry.I m sorry for/abo-u-t-I m sorry to he-s-t

28、-b. Excuse me (for) I mafrai-d-o-Wf hat a pity/shame!c. That s all right. It doesnt omthaitntegr. Thats n7邀請和應(yīng)答 Invitations and responsesa. Will you come to-? Would you like to-? I d like to invite yo-u-t-o-b. Yes, I d lo-v-e).tYoe(s, it s very kind /nice of you.c. I d love to,-b-ut8、提供(幫助等)和應(yīng)答 Offe

29、rs and responsesa. Can/Could/Shall I help you?Is there anything (else) I can do for you?Do you want me to-? What can I do for you?Let me do/carry /help-(for you).Would you like some-?b. Thanks. That would be nice/ fine .That s very kind of you.Thank you your help. Yes, please, Here, take this /my c.

30、 No, thanks/thank you. Thank you all the same.That s very kind of you, b-u-t9約會(huì) Making appointmenta. Are you/ will you be free this afternoon/tomorrow? How about tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening? Shall we meet at 4:30 at-?b. Yes, that s all right. Yes, I ll be free then.c. No, I won t be free th

31、en .But I ll be freed. All right .See you then.10意愿和希望 Intentions and wishesa. I m goin-g-tIowill-I d like-t-o-I (do not) want/hope to-b. I want/hope/mish to -11請求、允許和應(yīng)答 Asking for permission and responsesa. May I-? Can/Could I?b. Yes /Sure / Certainly. Yes, (do) please.Of course (you may).Go ahead,

32、 please. Thats OK/all right.Not at all.c. I m sorry you can t. I - m sorry, but Youd better not.12同意和不同意 Agreement and disagreementa. Certainly/ Sure /Of course.No problem.Yes, please.Yes, I think so.That s true.All right/OK. That s a g-o-oI/dWideeagree (with you)b. No, I don t think so.I m afraid m

33、ot I m afraid I (really) can you. t agree with13喜好和厭惡 Likes and dislikesa. I like/love-(very much).I like /love to-b. I don t like t-o-(-tIoh)ate (to)-14決斷和堅(jiān)持 Determination , decision and insistenceI will-I have decided to/ that-15判斷和意見 Judgment and opiniona. Well done /Good work!b. In my opinion-It

34、 seems16能力 AbilityI can -He is able to-17肯定和不肯定 Certainty and uncertaintya. I m sure (of that).Im- sure (that)b. I m not sure (of that). Im not s-u-re whether/ ifc. Perhaps/Maybe.18禁止和警告 Prohibition and warningsa. You can t/mustn-If ytou -, you - llYoud better not do it.Don t smoke! Don t be late!b.

35、 Look out! Take care! Be careful!19可能和不可能 Possibility and impossibilitya. He can / may-It is possible that-20預(yù)見、猜測和相信 Prediction conjecture and beliefa. He will-b. It seems (that)-c. I believe that he is right.21請求 Requestsa. Can will /Could/ Would you-for me?Will/ Can/Could / Would you please-? May

36、 I have-?b. Please give / Pass me-Please wait (here /a moment).Please wait (for) your turn .Please stand in line/ line up. Please hurry.c. Don t rush (hurry)/ crowd.No noise, please. No smoking, please.22勸告和建議 Advice and suggestionsa. You d better (n-o-tY) ou should/ought to-You need (to)-b. Shall w

37、e-?Let -sWhat /How about-? Why not- ? Why don t y-o-u?23許諾 PromisesI promise-I will give - to you.24表示焦慮 Expressing anxietyWhat s wrong? What s the matter (with you)?I m / He s / She s worried .Oh, what shall I / we do? 25表示驚奇 Expressing surpriseReally? Oh dear! Is that so? Good heavens!26表示喜悅 Expre

38、ssing pleasureI m glad/ pleased / happy-t-o-That s nice/ wonderful/ great.27談?wù)撎鞖?Talking about the weathera. What s the weather like today? How s t-h-e?weather inb. It s fine / cloudy / windy / r-a-i-nyIt s getting colwd a/ rm-It s rather warm / cold / h-o-ttoday, isn t it ?It s a beautiful day toda

39、y.28購物 Shoppinga. What can I do for you? May / Can I help you?b. I want / I-Hdoliwkemuch is it?That s too expensive, I m afraid.That s fine. Ill take it a.Lvet-m- e hc. How many / much do you want? What color / size / kind do you want?d. Do you have any other kind / size / color, etc.?29問路和應(yīng)答 Asking

40、 the why and responsesa. Excuse me .Where s the men s / ladies room?Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to -?How can I get to -? I don t know the way.b. Go down this street. Turn right / left at the first / second crossing.It s ab-o-u- tmeters from here. Go straight ahead till you see- 30問時(shí)間、日期和應(yīng)答 As

41、king the time, date and responses a. What day is (it ) today? What s the date today?Excuse me .What time is it by your watch? What s the time, please?b. It s Monday / Tue-s-d-Iat y s January 10th.It s five o clock/ five thirty (half past five )/ a quarter past (to)six.It s time for /-t-o-31就餐 Taking