ving作表語、定語賓補精講精練

1、動詞 ing 形式作表語，定語和賓語補足語概念引入：The music they are playing sounds so exciting .We watched three boys sharing their food with eachOur job is playing all kinds of music .The girl singing now is a classmate of mine.語法講解非謂語動詞中的ing 形式包括兩種：一種是動名詞，另外一種是現(xiàn)在分詞。? 基本形式：1、 -ing 形式作表語1) -ing 形式作表語時放在系動詞之后，用來泛指某種動作或行為，以

2、說明主語的具體內容(身份、性質或情況)。如：Her hobby is painting .她的業(yè)余愛好是畫畫。My job is looking after the children .我的工作就是照顧這些孩子。2) ing 用來表示主語所具有的特征，如：His concern for his mother is most touching .他對母親的關愛很感人。His words are encouraging.他的話很鼓舞人。2、 -ing 形式作定語1). 說明被修飾名詞的作用和用途，如：building materials = materials for building建筑材料dr

3、inking water = water for drinking飲用水a reading room = a room for reading閱覽室2). 說明被修飾名詞的作用和用途，如：tiring music = music that is tiring煩人的音樂a surprising result = a result that is surprising一個驚人的結果3). 表示被修飾名詞正在進行的動作，如：正在做實驗的那個學生是我們的班長。The student making the experiment is our monitor.我們能看到冉冉升起的太陽。We can see

4、 the rising sun.Attention1) 單個 -ing 形式作定語時 , 放在所修飾的 名詞之前 , -ing 形式 短語 作定語時 , 放在所修飾的 名詞之后 , 并且在意思上相當于一個定語從句。如：They lived in a room facing the street . = They lived in a room that faces the street.他們住在一間面朝街的房子。The man standing there is Peter s father. = The whoman is standing there is Peter s father.站

5、在那兒的那個人是彼得的父親。2) V-ing, 過去分詞，不定式做定語時的區(qū)別：The student making the experiment is our monitor.正在舉行的會議非常重要。昨天舉行的會議非常重要。明天要舉行的會議非常重要。They lived in a room facing the street.The meeting being held now is very important.The meeting held yesterday is very important.The meeting to be held tomorrow is very impor

6、tant.13)-ing 形式短語也可以用作非限制定語，相當于一個非限制性定語從句，這時，它與句子其他部分用逗號分開。如：His brother, working as a teacher , lives in Beijing.= His brother, who is working as a teacher , lives in Beijing.他那個當教師的哥哥住在北京。The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.= The apple tree, which was swaying gen

7、tly in the breeze , had a good crop of fruit.那棵蘋果樹碩果累累，在微風中輕輕搖曳。3、 -ing 形式作賓語補足語1) 動詞 -ing 形式作賓語補足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個正在進行的主動性的動作，強調一個正在進行的動作或一種狀態(tài)。如：當我們回到學校時 , 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人站在大門口。When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個包。I found a bag lying on the ground.那老板讓工人整夜地工作

8、。The boss kept the workers working the whole night.2）當主句轉換為被動結構時, 原來作賓語補足語的動詞-ing 形式便轉換為主語補足語。如：They found the result very satisfying .= The result is found very satisfying .They heard him singing in the next room.= He was heard singing in the next room.3). 能用 -ing 形式作賓語補足語的幾類動詞:a. 感官動詞，常見的有see, hea

9、r, feel, smell, find, notice, observe,等。如：1.We saw a light burning in the window.2.I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.3.Can you smell anything burning ?4.As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.5.Listen to the birds singing .6.I didn t notice himwaiting .b. 使役動詞，常見的有have,

10、 set, keep, get, catch, leave 等 。如：1.I won havet you doing that.2.This set me thinking .3.I m sorry to havekept you waiting .4.I canget the clock going again.5.You won catch me doing that again.4) see, hear, feel, watch等動詞之后用 -ing 形式和動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別： 前者表示動作正在進行，而后者表示（或強調）動作從開始到結束的全過程。如 :1.We passed b

11、y the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我們走過教室，看見老師在做實驗。（只在走過教室的剎那間，看見老師正在做實驗）2.We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment.我們坐了一個小時，看老師做實驗。（一個小時之內一直在看老師作實驗） 如果賓語補足語是短暫性動詞，動詞不定式短語表示一次動作，而 -ing 形式則表示反復動作。如：1.We heard the door slam. (一次動作 )2. We heard the door slammi

12、ng. ( 反復動作 )鞏固練習完成句子1. It s wrong of you to _讓(機器開著 )。（ run）2. What he said _ ( 令人信服的 )， we can trust him.(convince)3.The news _ (令人感到驚訝的)， we were all astonished at it. (astonish)4. The building _ ( 正在建 ) is our new library. (build)5. He was caught _ ( 偷車 ) and sent to the police station. (steal)6.

13、 I saw him _ ( 正在玩游戲 ) when I passed. (play)7. Some old man have to walk with the help of _ sticks( 拐杖 ). (walk)8.I found Mary _ ( 正向一個男孩兒低語 ) just now. (whisper)9.There were some boys _ ( 在窗戶附近大聲喊叫 )， so I couldn t fall asleep. (shout)10.A student will be immediately dismissed if he _ ( 被發(fā)現(xiàn)吸煙 ) in

14、school.單項選擇1.Yesterday our head teacher made such anspeech that we all felt.A exciting ； excitingB excited； excited2Cexciting ； excitedD excited； exciting2.When I caught him _me ， I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop A cheatedB cheatingC to cheatD to have cheated3.The

15、children_ the violin over there will go on the stage next week.A. playingB. playC. playedD. to play4.The boy_ over there is my younger brother.A criedB. being criedC. crying D. to cry5.After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother s voice _ him.A. callingB. calledC. being calledD. to call6.H

16、e is a student at Oxford University, _ for a degree in computer science.A. studiedB. studyingC. to have studiedD. to be studying7.Miss John s habit is _ without through understanding.A. readB. being readC. to be readD. reading8.The tower _ the Warring States is well worth visiting.A. dated fromB. da

17、ted back fromC. dating fromD. to date from9.With no rain for three months and food supplies _ out, the situation here is getting from bad to worse.A. runB. runningC. to runD. to be run10. -Who would you like to see at the moment?- The man _ Mr. Green.A. called himselfB. we call himC. calling himself

18、D. is called11.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to eh beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt12.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _A. 20 dollars remainedB. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollarsD. remaining 20 dolla

19、rs13.The man _ there is our headmaster. Would you like to go over and say hello to him?A. standB. to standC. is standingD. standing14.The noise of desks _ could be heard out in the street. We knew there must be a school nearby.A. opening and closingB. opened and closedC. to be opened and closedD. be

20、ing opened and closed15.His job was _ people with all kinds of tricks he can think of.A. entertainB. entertainingC. entertainedD. to entertaining答案解析完成句子1. leaving the machine running 2.is convincing 3.is astonishing4.being built5.stealing a car6.playing games7.walking8.wispering to a boy9.shouting

21、near the window10.is found smoking單項選擇1. 答案： C 解析：考查形容詞。 第一空作定語修飾物， 用動詞 ing 形式；第二空作表語， 修飾人，用 v-ed 形式，選 C。2.答案： B 解析：依據(jù)前半句意思”當我發(fā)現(xiàn)他欺騙我時 ”可以判斷出，句中的him 與動作 ”欺騙 ”為主謂關系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，故答案為B 。3.答案：A 解析：根據(jù)句子結構， 我們可以看出這是一個簡單句。主語是 The children ，謂語部分是 will go on the stage ，動詞 play 顯然在句中不作謂語，應用非謂語動詞形式。依據(jù)play 與它的邏輯主語 children 之間的主動關系以及拉小提琴動作正在進行， 可以判斷用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾children ，意為 “正在那邊拉小提琴的小孩 ”，因而正確答案為 playing 。4.答案： C 解析：依據(jù) cry 與它的邏輯主語 The boy 之間的主動關系和 cry 的動作正在進行，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾 boy，因而正確答案為 crying 。5.答案： A 解析：句意：敲完門后，那個孩子聽見他媽媽喊他。Voice 與 call 之間是主動關系，故排除B 和 C 兩項。感官動詞 hear 加賓補成為 hear sb.