簡析國內證券市場引入信用交易體制

1、翻譯補充練習21 其實，全球后工業(yè)化過程中，看看上海浦東、吉隆坡雙子塔和美國世貿廢墟等為“第一高樓”爭得打破頭，看看一幢樓里一模一樣的房子高一層即貴一萬元，便可明白人類這種登高望遠的野心。即使“上九天攬月”也不再是嫦娥或庫布里克的奧德賽之夢了，從加加林的首航和阿姆斯特朗的“一小步”，到美國富翁狄托那次昂貴卻貨真價實的太空旅游，人類才花了二十幾年。據說兩年內將啟動的Sub-Orbital Flights子軌道飛行，每人只需5萬美金就可以預定座位了。如果張雨生還活著的話，想去月球他就去吧。不遠行者沒有未來譯文：In fact, it is quite easy to understand the

2、wish of human being “to be the highest” when we see the fierce competition for the “highest one” among the high buildings in Pudong, the Twin Tower in Kuala Lumpur, and the ruins of the World Trade Center, or when we are shocked by the sharp increase in price for the same houses at different stories

3、 in a building. To travel in the outer space is not longer something absolutely impossible- it only after 20 years later since Gagarins first navigation in the outer space and Armstrongs “l(fā)ittle step” there that Ditto, an American rich man, took his expensive but real travel in space. It is said the

4、 Sub-Orbital Flights Subtrack Flight to be launched within 2 years will only charge 50 thousand dollars for the reservation from each passenger. If Zhang Yusheng, a famous singer in China, was still alive, he could realize his dream of visiting the moon. 2 有觀點就必然有差異，即使是不同的聲音在媒體中也都擁有了發(fā)表的空間（鳳凰衛(wèi)視的時事辯論會

5、節(jié)目中，擁戰(zhàn)派和反戰(zhàn)派的嘉賓就吵得不亦樂乎）。這充分證明適當地拓廣輿論空間，并不會打破一個社會的秩序和穩(wěn)定。相反恰恰是在不同觀點的沖撞中，使得公眾得以從不同的角度接受信息、思考問題，而一種平衡的輿論機制正在潛移默化中自發(fā)形成。海灣大戰(zhàn)中的傳媒較量-薇露的血為誰而流譯文：The differences in opinions are something that can not be avoided. The mass media offers that area of argumentation (in Current Affairs sponsored by Phoenix Satellit

6、e Television Station, those for and against the war against Iraq had a heated debate.) By that, the practice of reasonably expanding the space for mass opinions was fully proved doing little harm to the social order and stability. Instead, the general public can get information and consider the situ

7、ation in a comprehensive way because of the existence of large number of different ideas. As a result, a balanced mass opinion mechanism gradually comes into being. 3 上海在縮短與國際大都市硬件上的時差的成績還體現在城市天際線的高度上。1932年，24層的上海國際飯店建成，當時號稱遠東第一高樓，并在50年內保持著上海第一高樓的身份，直到深圳超過了它，北京超過了它，上海自身以幾千座摩天建筑超過了它。任何一座最高建筑最多只能“各領高度

8、三五年”，然后被更高的建筑取代，這種建筑的宿命與城市努力縮短國際時差的動機是一致的。上海時差譯文：Shanghais progress in shorten the distance in infrastructures with the other metropolis can also be displayed in its high building. Shanghai International Hotel, a 24-stored-building ranking 1st in height in the Far East at that time, remained the hig

9、hest building in Shanghai for 50 years. Later, it was surpassed by those high buildings in Shenzhen and Beijing, and similarly by the thousands of skyscrapers in Shanghai. Today, any building can only enjoy its fame of being the highest one for about 3-5 years, and then will be replaced by some othe

10、r higher as the highest ones. Consequently, that fact makes endless the efforts made by the city to reduce its differences with the other cities.4 據說外國人都奇怪為何中國人用電視遙控器總愛加一個遙控器套，我們自己分析估計有以下幾點：1、遙控器是樣神奇而偉大的東西，所以要以敬神的態(tài)度來保護；2、怕壞怕摔，中國人的家里總是小孩很多，小孩不看重遙控器；3、認為沒了遙控器就沒了電視機，中國人經不起失去；4、怕沾油，中國人熱愛在餐桌上按遙控器看電視。遙控器套

11、顯示著階層的檔次，這是大多數正在小康中的家庭的標志符號。電視機前的中國階層分析譯文：It is said the foreign people can never understand why the Chinese people should keep their remote controller of the televisions in a sheath. We believe there are mainly three reasons. First, the remote controller is something mysterious and great asking for

12、 pious protection; secondly, it is something vulnerable. The Chinese families are characterized by their large number of children who are not so respectful towards the remote controller; thirdly, the remote controller is believed to be something inseparable with the television, and thus can not be a

13、fforded to lose. Fourthly, the remote controller can not bear the least contamination of oil while the Chinese people like to watch television when eating. The sheath for the remote controller, a symbol for the particular status in China, offers a good evidence for China on its way to the well-off c

14、ountry. 5 2003年的上海不再是一個懷舊的上海，在成功申辦2010年世博會之后，現今的上海是一個生機勃勃、直沖向前的上海。那股子浸入骨髓的懷舊情緒也自然而然地化作了中國第一個真正意義上的國際化大都市的陪襯，它止于懷舊而致力于給更多的外來者提供夢想。與之相對的北京，經過了2001、2002年的激情燃燒、城區(qū)也擴建到六環(huán)，此時此刻重溫所剩不多的物質回憶自然也就在情理之中。懷舊文化車輪戰(zhàn)：上海下臺，北京開唱譯文：The Shanghai in 2003 is no longer a city with nothing but a good history. After it succeed

15、ed in winning the bidding for the holding of the Expo 2010, the Shanghai of today is a city full of vitality and well on its way ahead. The nostalgia(reminiscence) that used to sink in（滲入）its residents has naturally become invisible here in Shanghai, now a real international city offering dreams for

16、 more and more immigrants. Comparatively, Beijing, enjoyed its prime time(黃金時段) in the years 2001 and 2002 when its city proper was expanded until the 6th ring road. Given that（可加適當的連詞）, it is quite easy to understand why Beijing is rather nostalgic(reminiscent) about its prosperous past. 6 由于市場環(huán)境和市

17、場發(fā)育的原因，中國品牌的整體實力尚不能與國外的名牌相抗衡，而LOGO正是品牌力量薄弱的表現之一?？吹絀BM的LOGO，立刻就會聯想到高價、優(yōu)質的計算機，這主要是因為IBM這個品牌的成功，讓IBM的LOGO具有滲透力，消費者將更多的信息與這個LOGO聯系在了一起。中國的LOGO之弱同樣也反映了中國品牌在競爭中的某種弱勢。中國LOGO病譯文：Because of the poor environment of market and the resultant underdevelopment market, the home brands can not compete with those fo

18、reign ones yet. LOGO is something taking the value of the product being advertised. The LOGO “IBM” reminds people of the expensive and high-quality computer. That is mainly because the success of “IBM” makes the consumers attribute more to the LOGO “IBM”. The plainness also reflects the poor positio

19、n taken by the Chinese brands in competition. 7 早就知道有可視電話，但中國家庭的電話基本上不可視；拍下那么多照片，一直要通過網絡才能傳輸；發(fā)了那么多條短信，只不過訓練了手機打字直到彩信出現。彩信延伸了讀圖時代的影像(其實也就是進行了讀圖的改革)，所要做的僅僅是點播，然后等待傳送，觀看?？梢渣c播某個主持人的電視節(jié)目，點播MTV，把手機上的攝影頭（inset camera on the handset）拍的圖片即時發(fā)送出去這已經越來越不像是一部電話了。通訊，就這樣一步步驚艷起來。2002年十大驚艷It is well known that video

20、 telephone exists, but seldom were we told that somebody in China owned such a telephone in his family. We have long sent the e-photos via the Internet. We did send many short messages, but nothing but our typing was improved. All that changed when MMS came.MMS revolutionized our way in enjoying pic

21、tures in that we should do nothing but take the photos, through the inset camera on the handset, of such materials as some program or MTV on television and then send them to be enjoyed by our friends. Today, the mobile phones cease to be the mere telephones. In such a way telecommunication became im

22、pressive. 8 一條黃浦江將上海分成了浦東浦西，每到晨昏時分，數不清的人像候鳥般做著每天一次的頻繁遷徙，在一邊休憩，到另一邊覓食。在貫穿浦江兩岸的地鐵二號線里，上下班高峰期時，整個列車像是由一節(jié)節(jié)巨大的罐頭連接而成的臘腸，想在人堆里保持體面是一件相當不容易的事情，每當此時，陸家嘴總是一個讓人期待的站臺。如果是下班，從浦西卷過來的人浪在這里已經逐漸衰落，如果是上班，此時的車廂還沒有那么擁擠。更為重要的是，因為總是能夠看到這個城市里打扮得最為光鮮的職業(yè)人群在這里出現，和地鐵上空那些屬于未來的建筑一樣，他們總是能夠讓人聯想起這個城市的最為光明的一面-他們都是這座城市的新興階層，職業(yè)經理人、專

23、業(yè)人士、高級白領，和各種各樣的中產。上海：地鐵之內地鐵之外譯文：Shanghai is divided into two parts by the Huangpu River. Between its two sides, large number of commuters is traveling like the migratory birds with one side being their working place. Down in the subway in Line 2 which links the two sides of the Huangpu River, people

24、 find it really hard to remain decent at the rush hour when they crowed in the can-like cabins. Liujiazui becomes a station to be expected in that it is not crowed there after the majority of passengers have got off on their way home, or before many people get on the train heading towards their work

25、ing places. Whats more, here we can expect to see the most decent labors- those rising to be in the upper class, such as the CEOs, professionals, top white-collars and the other people in the middle class, in this city, who, together with those modern buildings, show us the most wonderful scene of t

26、he city. 9 不管你是否意識到，汽車已融入了你的生活；不管你是否擁有一輛愛車，香車已裝飾了你的夢。汽車代表的不僅僅是一輛有4個輪子的交通工具了，還是一種新生活態(tài)度。而且，汽車廣告早已不像“有山必有路，有路必有車”那么簡單了。單純賣車已經沒有多少人會買你的賬了。汽車商在售賣汽車之前，先要把一種與車相關的新生活方式賣給你。和新生活一起兜風去Private cars have penetrated into your life no matter whether you have noticed that. They appeared in your dreams even if you d

27、o not have one now. Today, cars cease to be a kind of simple transportation vehicles. Instead, they come to show your attitude to life. Likewise, the simple advertisement sentence for cars like “On every road, there is a some car.” can not do today. If cars are sold simply as transportation vehicles

28、, nobody would have the least intention to buy them. It is absolutely necessary to “sell” you a new type of lifestyle related with private cars before the distributors can succeed in selling their cars. 10 私家車與商品房在爭奪人們心中消費第一支出的位置，這本身就是對傳統(tǒng)安居樂業(yè)觀念的超越與顛覆。買商品房是一種相當靜態(tài)的保值型投資，這種不動產提供的封閉空間，客觀上將人的生活固定在一種保守的模式

29、上；而買車是一種積極的動態(tài)投資，就汽車本身來說會越來越貶值，但在社交的意義和精神需要上，它能自由地將人帶往很遠的地方和更大的圈子，使人與城市產生更活躍的交流。汽車就是我們的身體語言The fact that private cars are competing with commodity houses to be the first consideration in peoples consumption itself shows that the traditional idea of sticking to a certain place is challenged. The purch

30、ase of commodity houses is a kind of inflation proof investment. By limiting people in an isolated space, houses provide a type of conservative lifestyle. The purchase of private cars, however, is greatly different in that the private cars can easily take people to remoter places and into larger soc

31、ieties to have a wider communication in the city, no matter socially or spiritually, although the cars begin to devalue the very moment people buy them. 11 電子郵箱收費已經成了潮流，想當初網站們戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢地宣布，明天我要收費了被網民罵得狗血噴頭；而網絡游戲開口向玩家要錢，確實是周瑜打黃蓋，一個愿打一個愿挨盡管有些游戲運營商也夠黑的業(yè)界對網絡游戲對玩家的黏度很有信心，昱泉總經理李慈泉就說：“就怕你不來玩，來了你就跑不掉。”網絡游戲：網絡經濟救生

32、圈To charge for the use of email boxes has become a practice well accepted. That is in sharp contrast with the past when the various websites were blamed fiercely by the netizens simply because these websites attempted to charge the email box services. The cyber games operators followed a different w

33、ay by charging for their service the very moment the players begin to use them. Despite of the existence of some bad operators, the players are satisfied with most operators and are ready to pay for their consumption. Websites are fully confident of the attraction of their games. “The only worry of

34、us is that you do not want to try the cyber games, because you can never give it up once you have begun.” Li Ciquan, general manager of Yiquan said. 12 短信息帶來的文明革命的典型圖景在日本。東京地鐵與街頭每天出現的景象足以讓社會學家和心理學家都瞠目結舌：成千上萬的人群，既有那些染著各種顏色頭發(fā)的少年人，也有背負家庭責任的主婦以及一輛嚴肅的辦公室一族，都不約而同拿地著各種顏色手機，不斷地用拇指在手機上按動，對于他們來說，通過手機進入移動運營商Do

35、CoMo提供的平臺，就能上網閑聊、交換電子郵件和照片、收聽音樂、算命、玩游戲、定約會，甚至是買鮮花和賣股票。事實上，這已經不僅僅是一種時尚，而是日本人在十年經濟低迷之后為自己找到的一種最合適的溝通、娛樂和生活方式。拇指腦震蕩SMS enjoys the greatest revolution in Japan. Sociologists and psychologists are shocked at the scene down in the subway or up on the streets in Tokyo: thousands of people, the young with t

36、heir hair dyed in different colors, the housewives tending for the whole family, and the salarymen with their serious appearance, are busy with their pressing on the buttons of the various mobile phones(可免去用not only but also 的句型).After getting to the platform provides by DoCoMo, the mobile operator,

37、 they can, on the net, chat, send or receive emails, exchange photos, listen to music, have fortune-telling, play games, make appointments, or even buy flowers or sell stocks. In fact, SMS ceases to be something merely fashionable. Instead, it offers one of the best ways of communication, entertainm

38、ent and lifestyle. 13 今日在外灘這些百年大樓內辦公的新一代白領，無疑是上海最上層最精英的白領一族，月入六、七千元以上的比比皆是，萬元上下的也不足為奇。他們大多是年輕的俊男美女，加之上海人從來有講究生活質素的傳統(tǒng)，這些人只要拿出一半的工資用來買衣服，再加現今上海人大多是獨生子女，毋需拿錢補貼家用，他們完全可以十分瀟灑地進行高消費香港人的上海外灘情結Today, a new generation of the white-collars in the age-old buildings on the Bund obviously belongs to the top elit

39、e with a salary of 6 to 7 thousand yuan, or even up to 10 thousand yuan. They can easily afford their high consumption with half of their salary because they, with most of them being the young, follow the tradition of the Shanghai people in striving for a quality life; and because they are the only

40、children in their families and thus do not have to give money to their parents.14 外灘作為一個名稱，起源于1843年西方殖民者在上海黃浦江灘地修筑的馬路，稱為bund,中文翻譯即為外灘。其實，比上海外灘歷史更悠久的有寧波外灘，和上海類似的有武漢外灘，而承擔和上海外灘相同功能的地方更是不勝枚舉。但由于上海獨特的地理位置、經濟地位和歷史背景，使上海外灘幾乎在相當長的一段時間獨享了“外灘”所有的榮耀，其他的 小兄弟們皆被歷史所漸漸淡忘。造灘運動The name “waitan” came from the road c

41、alled “bund” (“waitan” in Chinese) built by the westerner colonists on the bottomland along the Huangpu River in Shanghai in 1843. In fact, the Bund in Shanghai is no older than the Bund in Ninbo, has the same history with that in Wuhan, and is not distinctive from many other places functioning in t

42、he same way. However, it enjoys exclusively all the glamour associated with the name “waitan” for a long time and leaves all the other “Bund” far behind because of the unique geographical location, economic position and historical background. 15 毫無疑問，20世紀70年代成長于一個承前啟后的年代。他們站在一個割裂的縫隙中，從一個大的板塊跳往另一個大的板

43、塊。他們的每一步成長都伴隨著新的板塊的形成，每一個環(huán)節(jié)都細微地嵌合在時代前行的車輪中?；蛟S，就像越是生長在變化的環(huán)境中生物的生命力越強一樣，“七十年代”至少具備了很強的適應和生存能力?！吧谄呤甏钡默F在進行時It is no doubt that those born in 1970s grew up in an age connecting those ages before and after. They jumped between the gaps of various ages, while new ages are forming and ready there for the

44、m to jump onto. Those people, just like the creatures having a great vitality after having living in the ever-changing environment for a long time, are quite good at adapting themselves to the new environments and survive there.16 在當代中國城市的高歌猛進中，我們至少能發(fā)現我們的城市正在從三個方向消滅街道眼的存在：一是“國際城市”、“中心城市”的遠大目標。這種目標往往

45、與城區(qū)拓展同步，著迷于城市的空間效果和城市外觀，追求大而新、洋而超前的樣板氣質，打著為了“我們城市的未來”的旗號，忽略了對城市“人”的生活的真正重視。城市中心喪失多樣性和居住意義，大路朝天車輪滾滾，街道交流以及街道安全感再無覓處。譯文：In Chinas efforts to build more modern cities, the traditional living quarters are disappearing because of the following 3 reasons:First, that is because of the long-term aim in buil

46、ding the so-called “international cities”, or “central cities”. Usually accompanied by the expansion of the city proper, that aim, with the banner of “striving for the future of our city”, puts more emphasis on the space effect and the outlook of the city, thus overlooking the real need of the city

47、dwellers. With the loss of diversity and any single living place, the city center has become a place simple for transportation, no longer providing us the communication and security we used to enjoy there. 二是住宅郊區(qū)化。雖然居住水平從技術指標上提高了，但出行高度依賴汽車，郊區(qū)居民被圈禁在小社區(qū)之內，喪失了城市里豐富多彩的生活選擇的自由，喪失了在熙熙攘攘的人流中漫步、發(fā)呆、看人、被看的自由，

48、喪失了與其他社區(qū)的居民隨機地邂逅交流的機會。這時，動輒幾萬平方米的社區(qū)會所，只起著豐富業(yè)余生活的意義，并非有效的公共生活空間。Secondly, that is because of the concentration of living quarters in the suburbs. Technically, higher living standards are available there, but private cars become something of great necessity for the movement over long distance. As a re

49、sult, the dwellers there, restrained in their limited societies, can no longer enjoy the free choice of the diversified life in the city center; find it impossible to stroll, remain motionless, examine the other people, or be examined in the crowed city center; and lost the opportunity to communicat

50、e with some other residents they came across. So the community in the suburbs, though as wide as tens of thousands of square meters, acts as nothing but a subsidiary area instead of an effective space for the public life. 三是舊城更新工程。城區(qū)的一切都被最大效益化，商業(yè)思維示范和操縱著一切，老街區(qū)老房子如果沒有文物價值，則必死無葬身之地。在“規(guī)劃”的名義下，近代街區(qū)里的居民響

51、應城市的號召搬遷住進新樓房，在被經濟承受能力過濾成身份地位彼此相近階層的城市一隅，喪失了相遇與碰撞出火花的更多可能。概念城市之街道眼Thirdly, that is because of the reconstruction of the old city proper. Judged by the commercial consideration, the single standard, everything in the city proper was squeezed for its maximum commercial value. Old streets or ancient bu

52、ildings, once judged lack of historic value, can count their days of being demolished. Believing in the “great significance of a reasonable layout of the city proper”, the residents used to live in the city center respond to move out to the new buildings in the suburbs. Screened and divided by their

53、 economical status, they end up with living with those similar to them economically, thus losing the possibility of coming across the differences necessary for the birth of new and better ideas. 17 麥當勞不僅把中國人帶進一種新的餐飲方式，還使他們接受一種新的行為舉止。這些行為舉止表明，他們在接受麥當勞快餐的同時，也逐步接受伴隨而來的外國餐桌行為文化。這種餐桌行為文化簡潔地依靠一股溫暖的純黃便體現出來，這使中國人對這種外來飲食模式空前認同。于是，試圖將中餐與麥當勞分店形式結合起來的嘗試出現了，我們也在各大城市里看到了各種中餐連鎖店。它們的色調是橙色的，正如紅加上黃。專家們研究表明，橙色是最能勾起食欲的顏色。無怪乎中西合璧之后的餐飲行當，無不是取調于這二者的均衡。時尚生活的紅+X方案Besides brought about a new way of dining to Chinese people, MacDonalds introduced a brand