西安交通大學(xué)研究生綜合英語(yǔ)II期末考試考試b

1、20052006學(xué)年 第1學(xué)期 西安交通大學(xué)研究生綜合英語(yǔ)(II)期末考試試題(b) 姓名 號(hào) 學(xué) 英語(yǔ)班號(hào) 考場(chǎng) 所在院系 考試日期 2006年1月5 日 Part One Vocabulary (20 points) There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are Direction: four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. Then mark your a

2、nswer on the ANSWER SHEET by blacking the corresponding letter with a pencil. 1. Starting with the _ that there is life on the planet Mars, the scientist went on to develop his argument. A. premise B. pretext C. foundation D. presentation 2. After several nuclear disasters, a _ has raged over the sa

3、fety of nuclear energy. A. quarrel B. suspicion C. verdict D. controversy 3. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their _ for world conquest. A. admiration B. ambition C. administration D. orientation 4. The director gave me his _ that he would double my pay if I did my job well. A. expl

4、anation B. obligation C. assurance D. certainty 5. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining _ such as colored lights and glass balls. A. ornaments B. luxuries C. exhibits D. complements 6. The two most important _ in making a cake are flour and sugar. A. elements B. components C. ingredients D.

5、 constituents 7. Cultural _ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another. A. translation B. transition C. transmission D. transaction 8. We must look beyond _ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing. A. justifications B. illusions C. manifestations

6、 D. specifications 9. No one imagined that the apparently _ businessman was really a criminal. A. respective B. respectable C. respectful D. realistic 10. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of species that are alive today will have become _. A. deteriorated B. degenerated C. sup

7、pressed D. extinct 11. The _ of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can succeed in understanding the universe. A. essence B. texture C. content D. threshold 12. The old lady has developed a _ cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time. A. perpetual B. permanent C. chronic D. s

8、ustained 13. What the correspondent sent us is an _ news report. We can depend on it. A. evident B. authentic C. ultimate D. immediate 14. Having had her as a professor and adviser, I can tell you that she is an _ force 1 / 12 who pushes her students to excel far beyond their own expectations. A. in

9、spirational B. educational C. excessive D. instantaneous 15. Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly _ to hot, dry winds. They are what we call weather sensitive people. A. subjective B. subordinate C. liable D. vulnerable 16. Hurricanes are killer winds, and thei

10、r _ power lies in the physical damage they can do. A. cumulative B. destructive C. turbulent D. prevalent 17. In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and _ in the classroom. A. skeptical B. faithful C. obedient D. subsidiary 18. In spite of the _ economic forecasts, manufacturing output

11、 has risen slightly. A. gloomy B. miserable C. shadowy D. obscure 19. Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in preliterate societies in order to attract good health or to _ disease. A. set aside B. ward off C. shrug off D. give away 20. The international situation has been growing _ difficu

12、lt for the last few years. A. invariably B. presumably C. increasingly D. dominantly 21. He_ power and became the king of the country upon the death of his father. A. presumed B. resumed C. consumed D. assumed 22. My concerns are not on religious grounds or on the basis of a perceived _ ethical prin

13、ciple. A. intrinsic B. exotic C. extol D. inalienable 23. General Johnson and his soldiers were accused of _ treatment of prisoners of war. A. mild B. brutal C. fortunate D. tranquil 24. These uses cannot be_ now; nor are they likely to be in the near future. A. justified B. championed C. concealed

14、D. confined 25. Her misery brought her to the _ of tears. A. vandalism B. verge C. vigorous D. zealous 26. His constant attempts to _ his colleagues achievement eventually cause his dismissal. A. withdraw B. diminish C. restrain D. confine 27. That situation made her_ down a friends job offer and st

15、rike out on her own. A. lie B. hold C. turn D. keep 28. It is time to_ this barbarous custom. A. do away with B. take away C. get away with D. put away 29. Between the hours of his _ pursuit of knowledge, I feel there is many a “pause that refreshes.” like a cool drink after a long distance travel.

16、A. arduous B. warm-hearted C. absurd D. ambivalent 30. Everything he said was _ by what happened later. A. obtained B. maintained C. verified D. displayed 31. The young woman _ with an ordinary bank clerk because her parents would not let them marry. A. embittered B. eloped C. endeavored D. estrange

17、d 32. She refused to be _ with her younger brother who has no manners at all. A. reconciled B. receded C. reprimanded D. rudiment 33. The population in this little town is _ Chinese. 2 / 12 A. commonly B. regularly C. predominantly D. popularly 34. If profits should _ in any field of production, the

18、 resulting increase in output would cause price declines. A. appear B. emerge C. cherish D. conceal 35. His speech was careful and _ but his words seemed to make no sense. A. distinguished B. distinct C. distinctive D. distinguishable 36. They decided to help the poor girl whose parents died in a ca

19、r accident return to the classroom by _ money from the public. A. slaying B.soliciting C. sequestering D. sipping 37. Under the threat of terrorists attacks government has to _ heaps of mails everyday. A. sift through B. sift out C. sift in D. sift down 38. The ability to laugh starts early, but it

20、takes a lifetime to _. A. compliment B. polish C. perfect D. accomplish 39. His excellent performance _ him from the regular training. A. excused B. hustled C. jostled D. muttered 40. In order to _ parents expectations, he did the best to achieve his goal to become an excellent student. A. live up w

21、ith B. live up C. live up to D. live with Part Two Error Identification (20 points) This part consists of 20 sentences. For each of sentences, there is a mistake. You should identify it, and then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blacking the corresponding letter with a pencil. 41. Lake Michig

22、an is the third large of the American Great Lakes and the only one lying wholly A B C within the United States. D 42. Many films produced in the United States during the 1930s were set in the American Civil A B C War period and the years following them. D 43. Children who form a positive self-concep

23、t are more assertive, optimistic, confidence, and A B sociable than those who do not. C D 44. Intaglio printing is the oppose of relief printing, since the printing is done from ink that is A B C below the surface of the plate. D 45. From the outset, the formulation and teaching of technique figured

24、 prominently in the A B development of American modern dancer. C D 3 / 12 46. Oil sales, which may furnish a significantly fraction of the worlds future energy, vary in A B richness, yielding from four to fifty percent oil by weight. C D 47. Government comprises the set of legal and political instit

25、utions that regulate the relationships A among members of a society and between the society or outsiders. B C D 48. Niagara Falls is not only one of North Americas greatest tourist attractions but also source A B C D of hydroelectricity. 49. Although the beaver is a powerful swimmer, it has difficul

26、ty moves the logs and braches it A B C needs for building and for food. D 50. True cedars are members of the pine family and are 120 to 150 feet tall, with erect cones and A B C bunches short, needlelike leaves. D 51. Grandma Moses, the well-known American artist, began to paint at the age of 76 whe

27、n she A B C could no long do needlework because of arthritis. D 52. In warm-blooded animals, body temperature are maintained within narrow limits regardless A B C of the temperature of the animals surroundings. D 53. Bret Harte, which best-known works describe life in California in the mid-1800s, he

28、lped A B shape the literary movement called local-color writing. C D 54. With the Democrats adoption of economic radicalism in the 1890s, and the Republicans A B C emerged as the majority party in the United States. D 55. The more kinetic energy in the particles of a material, the hottest the materi

29、al is. A B C D 56. Weather forecasting was of vital important in the seafaring and agricultural lives led by the A B C seventeenth-century European colonists in what is now the United States. D 57.One common herb of the mint family is thyme, the dried leaves and flowering tops of which is A B C 4 /

30、12 used to flavor many different food. D 58. Birds usually have very well-developed sense of sight, and the optic lobes of their brains are A B C correspondingly large. D 59. Peter Cooper launched a number of successful commercial enterprise, including the Canton A B Iron Works in Baltimore, which p

31、roduced the first commercially operated North American steam C D locomotive. 60. Fainting is caused by stoppage of the blood supply to brain, due to temporary heart fail from A B C shock, weakness, or exhaustion. D Part Three Reading Comprehension (40 Points) Directions: Each of the passages below i

32、s followed by 4 questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C, and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer for each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blacking the corresponding letter with a pencil. Questions 61 to 64 are based on t

33、he following passage: The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt. More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions,

34、motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly perhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: w

35、atching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed persons behavior with the known others behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety

36、of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the persons responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interacti

37、on to uncover information about another person questions, self-disclosures (自我表露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and

38、still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we wont ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of 5 / 12 accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemin

39、gly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (諷刺性地), those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to his development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g. disclos

40、ures and truthful statements). 61. The word pinpoint (Para. 1, Line 3) basically means _. A. appreciate B. obtain C. interpret D. identify 62. What do we learn from the first paragraph? A. People are better described in cold, objective terms. B. The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually

41、underestimated. C. One should not judge people by their appearances. D. One is usually subjective when assessing other peoples personality. 63. It can be inferred from Bergers suggestions that _. A. people do not reveal their true self on every occasion B. in most cases we should avoid contacting th

42、e observed person directly C. the best way to know a person is by making comparisons D. face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person 64. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the authors opinion, are _. A. personal matters that should

43、 be seriously dealt with B. barriers that should be done away with C. as significant as disclosures and truthful statements D. things people should guard against Questions 65 to 68 are based on the following passage: In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today o

44、pponents have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years. The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor meltdown (堆內(nèi)熔化). Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U.S. public health are very little. But to eve

45、n further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgment to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But dont expect them ever on U.S. shores unless things change in Washington. The

46、procedure for nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during, or even after, construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the 6 / 12 matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some

47、 of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case where a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway. A case in point

48、is the Shoreham plant on New Yorks Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-60s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by antinuclear activists who, by

49、sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years. Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt of power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start-up, used his power to force New Yorks public-utilities c

50、ommission to accept the following settlement: the power company could pass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant! Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of thousands of homes, sits rusting. 65. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream? A. The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation Com