散裝紅土鎳礦取樣、制樣、檢驗(yàn)方法

1、散裝紅土鎳礦取樣、制樣、檢驗(yàn)方法APOL/IS/200905-001(試行)散裝紅土鎳礦取樣、制樣、檢驗(yàn)方法Industry Standards ofSampling，Sample Preparation and Inspection method of Laterite Nickel Ore 一、目的Purpose為規(guī)范散裝紅土鎳礦檢驗(yàn)業(yè)務(wù)工作，確保檢驗(yàn)工作的公正和準(zhǔn)確。The purpose is to regulate the accuracy of the inspection of Lateritic-Nickel-Ore.二、適用范圍Scope of application適用于亞

2、洲和泛太平洋地區(qū)的氧化鎳礦（俗稱紅土鎳礦）檢驗(yàn)工作。It is applicable to the inspection of Lateritic-Nickel-Ore in Asian Pacific area.該工作規(guī)范介紹了針對(duì)上述鎳礦的品質(zhì)化驗(yàn)的引用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，裝、卸貨的取樣、制樣方法，保證針對(duì)該產(chǎn)品的檢驗(yàn)在品質(zhì)和取制樣的操作上更有代表性。The specifications introduce the quoted standard for chemical analysis of the Lateritic-Nickel-Ore as well as methods of samplin

3、g & sample preparation during loading/discharging. The purpose is to make sure that the inspection is performed correctly and that the sampling & sample preparation will be result in representative samples.該檢驗(yàn)規(guī)范適用于亞太地區(qū)紅土鎳礦合作組織成員。The specifications are applicable to all the members of the Asian Pacif

4、ic Organization for Lateritic-Nickel-Ore.三、參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)References GB 2007.1-87 散裝礦產(chǎn)品取樣、制樣通則 手工取樣方法 GB 2007.1-87General rules for the manual sampling and automated sample preparation of bulk minerals. GB 2007.2-87散裝礦產(chǎn)品取樣、制樣通則 手工制樣方法 GB 2007.2-87General rules for the manual sampling and manual sample preparat

5、ion of bulk minerals GB 2007.3-87散裝礦產(chǎn)品取樣、制樣通則 評(píng)定品質(zhì)波動(dòng)試驗(yàn)方法 GB 2007.3-87 General rules for the sampling and sample preparation of minerals in bulk - Experimental method for evaluation of quality variation GB 2007.4-87散裝礦產(chǎn)品取樣、制樣通則 精密度校核試驗(yàn)方法 GB 2007.4-87General rules for the sampling and sample preparati

6、on of minerals in bulk - Experimental methods for checking the precision and bias GB 2007.5-87散裝礦產(chǎn)品取樣、制樣通則 取樣系統(tǒng)誤差校核試驗(yàn)方法 GB 2007.5-87 General rules for the sampling and sample preparation of minerals in bulk Experimental method for checking the bias of sampling GB 2007.6-87散裝礦產(chǎn)品取樣、制樣通則, 水分測(cè)定方法熱干燥法 GB

7、 2007.6-87 General rules for the sampling and sample preparation of minerals in bulk. Determination of moisture content-Heat drying method GB 2007.7-87散裝礦產(chǎn)品取樣、制樣通則 粒度測(cè)定方法 手工篩分法 GB 2007.7-87General rules for the sampling and sample preparation of minerals in bulk. The method for determination of part

8、icle size by manual sieving ISO3082:2000(E) 鐵礦石取樣、制樣標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ISO3082:2000(E) Iron ores-Sampling and sample preparation procedures JIS M 8109-1996 硅鎂鎳礦取樣、制樣、水分測(cè)定方法 JIS M 8109-1996 Methods of sampling, sample preparation and moisture determination of Silicon- Magnesium-Nickel Ore四、紅土鎳礦的背景Background of Later

9、itic-Nickel-Ore紅土鎳礦是由非常細(xì)的粘土物質(zhì)和大小不等的巖石碎片經(jīng)長(zhǎng)年氧化而形成的一種不均勻的低品位礦。由于含鐵較高，外觀呈淺紅色，俗稱“紅土鎳礦”。根據(jù)礦石中鎳鐵的含量多少分為高鎳低鐵和高鐵低鎳礦脈，主要分布在菲律賓、印度尼西亞和南太平洋的新喀里多尼亞島。Lateritic-Nickel-Ore is a form of heterogeneous low-grade ore which is derived from extremely thin clay materials and rock chips. Due to its high Fe content, it app

10、ears light red in color. Based on the content of ferronickel in the ore, it can be divided into High-Ni/ Low-Fe and High-Fe/ Low-Ni varieties which is mainly located in the Philippines, Indonesia and New Caledonia of South Pacific.五、一般規(guī)定General Regulations1、參與檢驗(yàn)人員應(yīng)接受上崗培訓(xùn)，經(jīng)授權(quán)后方可上崗工作。 People involved

11、in the inspection shall be trained and work upon authorization.2、檢驗(yàn)人員在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作時(shí)，應(yīng)遵守船方和港口倉(cāng)庫(kù)的相關(guān)規(guī)定，做好安全防護(hù)。 Whileworking on site, inspectors shall comply with Port and Warehouse regulations while paying close attention to health and safety issues.3、根據(jù)貨物的粒度大小，備好取、盛樣工具。 Make necessary preparation for sampling

12、 equipment and sample collection and storage according to the cargo tonnage.4、1mm樣品必須保留90天，分析小樣必須保留180天，以備核查。 1mm sample shall be retained for 90 days, while the assay sample shall be retained for 180 days in case of further requirements.5、裝貨港檢驗(yàn)：Load port Inspectiona)裝貨前，要進(jìn)行空艙檢驗(yàn)； Prior to loading, e

13、mpty hold inspection should be carried out.b)裝貨中，要對(duì)貨物的基本情況及異常情況尤其是裝貨期間的天氣情況進(jìn)行詳細(xì)記錄并拍照。 During loading, the general cargo conditions plus any important factor such as weather conditions shall be recorded in detail and with photos.6、卸貨港檢驗(yàn)：Discharge port Inspectiona)登輪后，要查看船舶在裝貨港裝貨期間的天氣情況，并做好記錄； While o

14、n board, the weather condition noted during loading shall be checked and recorded.b)開艙后，要查看每艙貨堆表面是否有異常狀況并拍照。特別注意是否有漏水痕跡，并拍照存檔。 After opening hatch cover(s), the surface condition of the cargo in each hold shall be visually checked and photographed, especially any leakage shall be kept on file with p

15、hotos.7、檢驗(yàn)人員在實(shí)施檢驗(yàn)時(shí)，如遇大風(fēng)、雷電、暴雨及其它不適于工作的情況，應(yīng)停止現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作并及時(shí)向委托人報(bào)告，并做好相關(guān)記錄。 While performing the inspection, if high/strong winds, storms, heavy rain or any other unsuitable situation occurs, the inspectors shall stop the work and report to the Client in timely manner while making a detailed record.六、操作規(guī)程 Wo

16、rking Procedure(一）、取樣Sampling1、確定取樣方案Establishing a sampling schemea)在開始取樣工作前，確定取樣交貨批、取樣單元和取樣量。 Identify the lot to be sampled, mass of increment and number of increment.b)確定樣品用途。Ascertain the use of sample.c)根據(jù)最大粒度確定份樣量和取樣工具的容量（份樣量的粒度由目測(cè)和實(shí)測(cè)決定）。 Determine the mass of increment and sampling implement

17、 for taking the increments considering the nominal top size (size of the increment shall be determined visually and factually).d)確定取樣間隔：即平均每50噸取一個(gè)份樣，每5000噸做一 個(gè)品質(zhì)分析。 Determine the sampling interval: take an increment per 50MT, make chemical analysis per 5,000MT lot.e)確定份樣組合方式，按需要組成副樣或大樣。 Determine th

18、e combination of increments and make the lot sample/gross sample according to requirements.2、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣方式Sampling method on site應(yīng)根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)作業(yè)方式、取樣設(shè)施配備情況選定，一般采用定量取樣、定時(shí)取樣或分層取樣等方式。 Considering the methods employed on site and the implement used for drawing the samples, normally quantity interval, time interval or

19、stratified sampling method shall be used.3、份樣數(shù)及取樣間隔的確定Determine the number of increment and sampling interval to be used 應(yīng)根據(jù)交貨批質(zhì)量、各礦種取樣精密度、品質(zhì)波動(dòng)、作業(yè)流量確定，統(tǒng)一按如下做法（買賣合同或委托人對(duì)份樣數(shù)及取樣間隔有要求的，按其要求執(zhí)行）： Based on the mass of consignment, sampling precision, quality variation and the flow rate of operation for all

20、 kinds of ores, general methods are as follows (If any requirements regarding the number of increment and sampling interval from the contract or the client, shall carry out their requirements):a)卸貨檢驗(yàn)時(shí)，對(duì)于外觀差異明顯或粒度分布不均的以及由2種以上貨物混合構(gòu)成的交貨批的檢驗(yàn)，可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況增加份樣數(shù)，甚至份樣數(shù)可增加一倍，采取分艙取樣，每艙作為一個(gè)取樣單元，分別制樣。 While performi

21、ng a discharge port inspection, for consignments with apparent differences in appearance or uneven size distribution or which consist of more than 2 kinds of cargo, the number of increments can be increased. Take samples per cargo hold and consider each hold as a sampling lot and perform sample prep

22、aration separately.b)車載貨物的檢驗(yàn)應(yīng)在裝卸過程中新露出的面上隨機(jī)定點(diǎn)取樣（在貨車倒運(yùn)過程中，因車輛顛簸引起品質(zhì)及粒度波動(dòng)較大，故不宜在貨車上取樣），份樣數(shù)依據(jù)上述規(guī)定確定。如果交貨批由2批以上的貨物混合構(gòu)成則每車貨物都必須取樣。當(dāng)貨車裝載質(zhì)量不同時(shí)，份樣數(shù)的分配應(yīng)與裝載量成正比。 For the inspection of cargo carried by trucks, samples shall be taken at regular point on the fresh exposed surface of the cargo during loading/unlo

23、ading (while transporting by trucks, truck vibrations can lead to large variation in quality and size, therefore sampling on the truck is not recommended); the number of increments is determined upon the above regulations. If the consignment consists of more than 2 cargos, each truck shall be sample

24、d. When trucks are loaded with different quantity, the distribution of increments shall be based on the quantity.c)份樣量的確定（見表1）Determine the mass of increment (as specified in Table 1)表1 - 份樣量的確定Table 1-Determine the mass of increment公稱最大粒度（MM）Nominal Top Size份樣量（KG）Increment Mass公稱最大粒度（MM）Nominal To

25、p Size份樣量（KG）Increment Mass22.4以下2100-1501522.4-31.54150-2002031.5-508200-2502550-10010250-30030d)取樣工具Sampling Implements/Tools 取樣工具包括鐵鍬、取樣鏟（見圖1、表2）、鋼錘、取樣容器（料桶或塑料袋和編織袋等）、標(biāo)簽、嘜頭筆和照相機(jī)。Sampling devices include shovel, sampling scoop (as specified inFigure 1, Table 2), steel hammer, sampling container (b

26、arrel, plastic bags, woven bags, etc.), labels, shipping mark pen and camera. （圖1）(Figure 1)表2 - 取樣鏟規(guī)格Table 2-Specifications of sampling scoop鏟號(hào)ScoopNumber最大公稱粒度（mm）NominalTop Size容積（ml）Volume取樣鏟尺寸(mm)Dimensions of increment scoopaBcde15015035000450190450380170125125210003801603803201501001001100030

27、0130300260120707037002001002001708050501600150751501306540407301106311095503031.538090509080402022.4270804580703515161807040706030101012060356050255670503050402032.635402540301511163020302512e)如果卸貨港取樣受條件限制時(shí)，允許在卸貨過程中按上述的規(guī)定單獨(dú)抽取水分樣，然后在碼頭轉(zhuǎn)堆至堆場(chǎng)過程中按上述規(guī)定抽取品質(zhì)樣。If sampling conditions are limited in the disch

28、arge port, moisture samples can be taken separately during discharge while quality samples can be taken during the transferring of cargo from the quay to the stockyard.4、通知委托人，要求委托人提供必要的配合。Inform the client and ask them for necessary cooperation.5、檢驗(yàn)人員根據(jù)取樣方案，明確取樣時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，準(zhǔn)備好清潔、合適的取樣工具、樣品存放容器(如帶防水膜的編織袋、

29、密封樣品桶、封識(shí)等)以及安全帽和反光背心等防護(hù)用品。到達(dá)取樣地點(diǎn)后，根據(jù)貨物的實(shí)際情況，親自或組織現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣工人按取樣方案要求進(jìn)行取樣。According to the sampling scheme, the inspectors shall define the sampling time and place, prepare clean and suitable sampling equipment including sample storage implements (such as waterproof woven bags, airproof containers, seals,

30、etc), hard hats, reflective vest and other safety equipment (PPE Personal Protection Equipment).6、取樣基本要求General requirements for samplinga) 取樣原則上應(yīng)在貨物裝卸、加工、堆垛或衡量的移動(dòng)過程中進(jìn)行，不具備在傳送帶上取樣的，應(yīng)在新露出的礦石表面上隨機(jī)定點(diǎn)取樣。In principle, sampling shall be performed during the process of loading/unloading, stacking or weighi

31、ng; without condition of sampling from the conveyor belt, sampling shall be performed randomly at regular point on the fresh exposed surface of the cargo.b) 第一個(gè)份樣可在第一間隔內(nèi)隨機(jī)確定(不可在第一間隔的起點(diǎn)開始)，以后按計(jì)算的間隔取，在操作過程中不得隨意變動(dòng)取樣間隔。注:取樣時(shí)應(yīng)同時(shí)取出沖刷樣品。The first increment can betaken randomly during the first interval (no

32、t at the beginning of the first interval), and there after increments should be taken as per the calculated interval which should not be adjusted during the operation. Remark: While sampling, washing samples shall be taken simultaneously.c) 取樣工具的開口度至少為最大公稱粒度的3倍，但不得小于100mm，每個(gè)份樣用合適的取樣工具一次性取出，如果一次取出有困難

33、，亦可在同一處分幾次取出樣品。對(duì)于粒度較大的（如粒度大于150mm）可以采用取樣框代替取樣鏟來確定應(yīng)取的份樣。The opening of the sampling device shall be at least 3 times of the nominal top size, which cannot be less than 100mm. Each increment shall be taken once by suitable sampling implement; if the Inspector had difficulty in taking one increment, ta

34、king several at the same point is also allowed. For the larger particle size cargo (if the size is over 150mm), sampling frame can be used to substitute sampling scoop to determine increments.d) 取樣過程中應(yīng)保證每個(gè)份樣量基本一致，偏差不得大于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所規(guī)定的的質(zhì)量變動(dòng)系數(shù)。During sampling, make sure that each increment shall be consistent

35、with variations not larger than the quality variation factor specified in the standard.e) 取樣過程中應(yīng)注意觀察取樣批的粒度分布情況，應(yīng)能保證所取份樣的粒度比例符合取樣間隔或取樣部位的粒度比例，所得大樣的粒度分布應(yīng)與整批礦產(chǎn)品的粒度分布基本吻合。During sampling procedure, pay attention to the size distribution of sampling lot, and make sure that the size proportion of incremen

36、ts being taken is in accordance with the sampling interval or sampling point. Therefore, the size distribution of bulk sample matches that of the whole consignment.f) 不同品質(zhì)規(guī)格或粒度規(guī)格的貨物分艙裝運(yùn)時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)具體情況分艙獨(dú)立取樣，各艙結(jié)果加權(quán)平均后，作為交貨批的結(jié)果。When cargo with different specifications in terms of quality and/or size is load

37、ed separately in each cargo hold, sampling shall be separately performed per hold. The results of each hold shall be calculated by weighed mean as the composite result for whole consignment.g) 如已達(dá)到預(yù)定的份樣數(shù)，而作業(yè)仍在進(jìn)行，應(yīng)按原定間隔繼續(xù)取樣，直到整批貨物作業(yè)完畢。If increment number is enough before completion of operation, samp

38、ling shall be continued as per the original interval until the end of operation.h) 取樣過程中，必須保證樣品不受任何污染。 During sampling procedure, make sure that samples shall not be contaminated.7、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣時(shí)必須查核商品標(biāo)記、批次、數(shù)量、重量等，樣品容器上應(yīng)進(jìn)行唯一性標(biāo)識(shí)，必要時(shí)及時(shí)施加封識(shí)，并采取適當(dāng)?shù)姆雷o(hù)措施，防止樣品改變特性或丟失。When sampling on site, make sure to check the ca

39、rgos mark, lot, number, quantity, etc. The container of sample shall be uniformly marked and sealed if necessary, and take suitable safety measure in case of identity change or loss.8、取樣人員應(yīng)做好取樣記錄(包括天氣情況)，取樣過程中若發(fā)現(xiàn)貨物外觀異?；蛴型鈦黼s物和污染等異常情況，須及時(shí)處理，必要時(shí)拍照取證，并及時(shí)向其上級(jí)匯報(bào)。Sampling personnel shall make a report (inc

40、luding weather conditions) during sampling. If any irregularity occurs, like unusual looking material, impurities and/or contamination, action in a timely manner, take photos and report to the Principal.9、委托人要求偏離預(yù)定的取樣方案時(shí)，檢驗(yàn)人員應(yīng)及時(shí)向其上級(jí)匯報(bào)，并做好詳細(xì)記錄。If the client requests the implementation of a different

41、sampling scheme, the Inspectors shall report to the Principal in time and take detailed notes.(二）、樣品的制備 Sample Preparation1、制樣工具 Sample preparation devicesa) 顎式破碎機(jī)（大、中、小號(hào)）Jaw crusher (L, M, S)b）對(duì)輥破碎機(jī) Roll crusherc）圓盤粉碎機(jī)或密封式震蕩研磨機(jī)Disk pulverizer or Airproof shaking grinderd）份樣鏟及擋板 Increment scoop and

42、bafflee）二分器 Rifflef）盛樣容器 Sample storage containerg）鋼板 Steel plateh）干燥箱（能調(diào)節(jié)溫度，使箱內(nèi)任一點(diǎn)的溫度在設(shè)定溫度在5之間） Drying oven (with adjustable temperature control that works within 5 of the setting)i）不銹鋼金屬十字分樣架 Stainless steel cross dividing framej）分樣篩22.4mm、10mm、1mm、180m篩 Sieves 22.4mm、10mm、1mm、180m2、樣品的制備包括干燥(必要時(shí))

43、、破碎、混合和縮分等一系列操作，應(yīng)根據(jù)商品特性和所測(cè)項(xiàng)目按有關(guān)制樣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求進(jìn)行，以使樣品符合測(cè)試要求。Sample preparation includes a series of operation such as drying (if necessary), crushing, mixing, dividing, etc. It shall be performed according to the nature of the cargo and per the standard of the subject tests, so as to comply with the require

44、ments of the tests.3、樣品制備過程中應(yīng)防止損失、污染或其他可能改變其特性的情況發(fā)生。During sample preparation, prevent loss, contamination or any other situations which may change the identity of the sample.4、水分樣應(yīng)用清潔、密封或防水容器儲(chǔ)存，當(dāng)批量很大、作業(yè)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)或遇陰雨、高溫天氣時(shí)，應(yīng)將取樣批合理劃分為幾個(gè)部分，每一部分應(yīng)盡快制備成副樣測(cè)定水分，防止由于樣品水分變化而產(chǎn)生偏差。The moisture sample shall be store

45、d in clean, airproof /waterproof container. If there are too many lots, long periods of rain or periods of very hot weather, the sampling lot shall be divided into sub-samples for which the moisture should be tested as soon as possible, in case the aforementioned factors are causing significant chan

46、ges to the moisture content.5、水分樣的制備 Moisture sample preparation 在制水分樣時(shí)，每2500噸做一個(gè)水分樣，將每單元每批所取樣品從盛樣容器中倒出，按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的縮分方法（網(wǎng)格法）快速取出檢測(cè)水分樣品（15分鐘之內(nèi)完成，取水分樣時(shí)充分考慮粒度比例，在碰到大塊貨物的時(shí)候，應(yīng)按所占份樣鏟的容積砸取相應(yīng)的比例，剩余部分只能作為品質(zhì)樣而不能作為粒度篩分），并取出5kg作為檢測(cè)水分的保留樣品（保留樣品需注意密封完好）。每單元水分試驗(yàn)樣的個(gè)數(shù)及水分試驗(yàn)樣的最小質(zhì)量見表3、表4。 When preparing moisture samples, one

47、 moisture sample is prepared for each 2500 MT lot. Take the samples of each lot out of the storing container, and using increment division method, extract the moisture sample as quickly as possible (within 15 minutes). Consideration needs to be given to the particle size while taking moisture sample

48、s; when met with oversize cargo, this should be broken up. Once oversize has been manually reduced it cannot later be used for sizing purposes. Take 5kg as the retained tested moisture sample (retained sample shall be in an airproofcontainer). The number and minimum mass of parts for moisture determ

49、ination is specified in Table 3 and Table 4.表3 - 水分試驗(yàn)樣的個(gè)數(shù) Table 3-Number of parts for moisture determination試樣制備Moisture sample prep每個(gè)交貨批的副樣個(gè)數(shù)Number of subsample of each lot被測(cè)試驗(yàn)樣個(gè)數(shù)Number of tests從大樣中制備From the bulk sample從副樣中制備From the subsample最少 at least最少at least從份樣中制備From the increment最少at least

50、表4 - 水分試驗(yàn)樣的最小質(zhì)量Table 4-Minimum mass of parts for moisture determination試驗(yàn)樣的最大公稱粒度（mm）Nominal top size of moisture sample(mm)試驗(yàn)樣的最小質(zhì)量（kg）Minimum mass of moisture sample(kg)31.51022.4510.01注：粒度大于31.5mm時(shí)應(yīng)破碎到31.5mm以下 Remark: When the size is over 31.5mm, it shall be crushed below 31.5mm.6、品質(zhì)樣的制備 Quality

51、 sample preparationa)由于鎳礦的水分較大，粘度較大，不利于粒度篩分和品質(zhì)樣的制備，因此對(duì)于較粘和水分大的貨物應(yīng)當(dāng)將其進(jìn)行預(yù)干燥(自然風(fēng)干或使用風(fēng)干機(jī))，使樣品較易破碎，在風(fēng)干的過程中要防止樣品被污染。在交貨批檢驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目有粒度要求時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)先進(jìn)行粒度分析，然后將所有樣品包括粒度分析后的樣品全部進(jìn)行破碎。破碎后的樣品充分混合后，置于清潔的鋼板上進(jìn)行縮分，每一個(gè)取樣單元作為一個(gè)大樣（參照下列流程圖）。Since Nickel Ore has high moisture content and can also be sticky which is not good for eithe

52、r sizing and quality sample preparation; it can be pre-dried (in the air or by air dryer), which should make it easier to handle. During the drying process, prevent the sample from being contaminated. If the Client requires size determination for the consignment, the size determination shall be perf

53、ormed first, and then all the samples including those after sizing shall be crushed. The crushed sample shall be mixed thoroughly and put onto a clean steel plate and divided, with each sampling lot as a bulk sample (as specified in below flow sheet).制樣流程圖 Sample preparation flowsheetb）樣品破碎的具體方法Deta

54、iled method of crushing sample樣品的破碎應(yīng)使用機(jī)械設(shè)備，手工破碎只限于破碎個(gè)別大塊樣品至第一階段破碎機(jī)的最大給料粒度。The crushing of the sample shall be performed by mechanical means; manual crushing is only to be used to crush specific large pieces of cargo in order to allow further crushing by mechanical mans.破碎前需用本批鎳礦同一來源的沖刷樣品對(duì)破碎機(jī)進(jìn)行清洗，然后再

55、用毛刷等工具清掃干凈，破碎后殘留在破碎機(jī)內(nèi)部的樣品，必須全部取出，防止污染下一個(gè)樣品。Before crushing, the crusher shall be cleaned by the same origin washing sample of this Nickel Ore, and then swept with brush. After crushing, the remained sample shall be completely removed so as not to contaminate the next one.c）樣品的縮分方法Sample division met

56、hod網(wǎng)格法：將樣品充分混合后置于已用樣品刷好的鋼板上，鋪成長(zhǎng)方形平堆，然后將平堆劃成等分的網(wǎng)格，縮分大樣時(shí)不得少于20格；縮分副樣時(shí)不得少于12格；縮分份樣時(shí)不得少于4格。用擋板及樣品鏟插至底部，從每個(gè)格取等量的一鏟，集合為縮分樣品，當(dāng)大樣數(shù)量多時(shí)，可將大樣分成幾個(gè)等分，分次按上述操作進(jìn)行（見圖2）。樣品最大粒度，樣層厚度和份樣鏟尺寸如表5、圖3。 Increment division: Mix the sample thoroughly and put it onto the steel plate in the shape of a rectangle. Divide the surface into equal segments, (not less than 20 segments) while dividing the bulk sample and not less than 12 segments when dividing the subsample; not less than 4 segments while dividing the individual increments. Use baffle and increment scoop to i