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1、膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿
2、莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃
3、羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀
4、蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄
5、莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈
6、膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅
7、莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇
8、艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈
9、蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋
10、芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)
11、膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇
12、荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁
13、芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅
14、蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿
15、芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄
16、蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁
17、莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅
18、膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿
19、蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅
20、芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈
21、薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂
22、莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿
23、膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃
24、蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇
25、芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂
26、薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀膃薆螅膆蒁薆袈罿莇薅肀膄莃薄螀肇艿薃袂節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒄薁蚄芁莀蝕螆肅芆蝕衿艿膂蠆羈肂薀蚈螁裊蒆蚇袃膀莂蚆羅羃羋蚅蚅膈膄蚄螇羈蒃螄衿膇荿螃羂罿芅螂蟻膅膁螁襖羈薀螀羆芃蒆蝿肈肆
27、莂蝿螈芁羋蒞袀肄膃莄羃芀蒂蒃螞肅莈蒂螅羋芄蒂羇肁芀蒁聿羄蕿蒀蝿腿蒅葿袁羂莁蒈羃膇芇蕆蚃羀 過渡性詞語過渡性詞語(即轉(zhuǎn)承詞或銜接詞)介紹。過渡性詞語即“起”、“承”、“轉(zhuǎn)”、“合”的詞語在作文中能起到潤(rùn)滑劑的作用。正確并靈活運(yùn)用這類詞語能使作文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,邏輯合理,文章流暢。議論文常用的過渡性詞語可分為以下十二種,但是有些詞語在幾種類型中可通用。1、 開頭段引出擴(kuò)展句的詞語: at first, first of all, in the first place , for one thing.,(for another.)(首先-,其次-),now, nowadays, at present, r
28、ecently, lately, on the one hand.,on the other hand.2、 表示次序關(guān)系的詞語:first, second, third, finally, firstly, secondly, thirdly, eventually, furthermore, above all, afterwards, at last.3、 表示時(shí)間順序的詞語:before, after that, now, next, soon, then, just then, later, until, since, ever since, from then on, while
29、, meanwhile.4、 表示因果關(guān)系的詞語:as a result, as a result of, accordingly, because, because of, due to, owing to, now that, in that, since, so that, consequently, as a consequence, hence, for, for this/that reason, thus, so, in this/that way, therefore.5、 表示空間關(guān)系的詞語:between, beside, beyond, across, over, at,
30、 from.to, into, outside, inside, above, against, around, at the bottom, before, behind, below, close to, up, down, far, farther, in front of, in the center of, in the distance, in the middle of, nearly, next to, on the left, on the right, on the opposite side, opposite to, on top of, under. 6、 表示推理關(guān)
31、系的詞語:or else(否則), otherwise, if so, under no circumstances.7、 表示比較或?qū)Ρ?、讓步以及轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞語:like, unlike, similarly, in the same manner/way, in comparison with, in contrast to, instead, on the contrary, while, though, even though/if, although, even when, in spit of, whereas, but, yet, rather than, nevertheles
32、s, no matter what/how/when/where/which. 8、 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞語:above all, of course, indeed, in addition, additionally, besides, too, moreover, furthermore, that is to say, in other words, whats more, in fact, once again, especially, in particular, most important. 9、 表示條件或假設(shè)關(guān)系的詞語:if, unless, provided that,
33、 in case, supposing, suppose.10.表示同意語氣的詞語:no doubt, doubtless, undoubtedly, of course, surely, naturally, certainly. 11.表示舉例關(guān)系的詞語:as follows, a case in point, for example, for instance, including, to illustrate, namely, such as.12.表示總結(jié)類型的詞語:to summarize, to sum up, to conclude, in sum, in summary, i
34、n conclusion, thus, therefore, all in all, in brief, briefly, on the whole, in all, in short, in a word, in terms, as i have said, as has been noted. 議論文一現(xiàn)象解釋型此類作文在考試作文中最為常見。命題主要要求考生對(duì)某一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行解釋并加以評(píng)論,其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:首先說明現(xiàn)狀;其次闡述這種現(xiàn)狀產(chǎn)生或存在的原因;最后做出分析,提出建議或總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。一)from the chart/graph/table/picture, we learn that n
35、owadays, _總述社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或社會(huì)事實(shí)_ has aroused the great/common concern. what impresses us most is _社會(huì)突出現(xiàn)象_. there are many reasons accounting for _現(xiàn)象或變化_. first of all, _原因一_. what is more,_原因二_. for example, _舉例說明原因二_. in addition, _原因三_. therefore, 總結(jié)原因?qū)е碌慕Y(jié)果_. as far as i am concerned, 我的觀點(diǎn). for one thing/on
36、 one hand 理由一. for another/on the other hand 理由二. thus/in brief/taking above mentioned factors into consideration, i may reasonably conclude that 段落總結(jié)句.二) according to the chart/graph/table/picture, it is clear that 圖表/畫內(nèi)容總概括. the chart /graph/table/picture show具體描述圖表/圖畫內(nèi)容一,while 具體描述圖表/圖畫內(nèi)容二. many
37、reasons contribute to 現(xiàn)象概括。 to begin with, 原因一。進(jìn)一步闡述原因一。 moreover, 原因二。 in addition, 原因三。as a result, 段落總結(jié)句。 as to me, 我的觀點(diǎn)/態(tài)度/建議。 first of all, 理由一。besides, 理由二。to conclude, 段落總結(jié)句。e.g.: 1. student use of computers. 1. 上圖所示為某校大學(xué)生平均每周使用計(jì)算機(jī)的時(shí)間: 1990年(2 hours)、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours),請(qǐng)描述其變化; 2.
38、請(qǐng)說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因(可從計(jì)算機(jī)的用途、價(jià)格或社會(huì)發(fā)展等方面加以說明); 3. 你認(rèn)為目前大學(xué)生在計(jì)算機(jī)使用中有什么困難或問題。 2. health gains in developing countries.1. 以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國(guó)家的期望壽命(life expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況。 2. 說明引起變化的各種原因。 3. harmfulness of fake commodities. 1.目前社會(huì)上有不少假冒偽劣商品(fake commodities)2.為什么會(huì)有這種現(xiàn)象?3.舉例說明假冒偽劣商品對(duì)消費(fèi)個(gè)人、社會(huì)等的危害。4
39、. education and market 1. 教育作為一種產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)入市場(chǎng) 2. 產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因 3. 我的看法5. adults education 1.。成人教育在城市中很普及,有18%的成年人選擇成人教育 2. 分析原因何在 3. 我畢業(yè)后打算如何繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)6. cards 1. 現(xiàn)代社會(huì)城市中持卡的人越來越多 2. 其原因在于。 3. 其發(fā)展趨勢(shì)是。e.g.: student use of computersfrom the chart, we learn that nowadays, student use of computers had grown sharply, whic
40、h has aroused the greatest concern. what impresses us most is that, in 2000, college students averagely spent 20 hours per week on computer, which is more ten times than the size ten years ago. there many reasons accounting for this phenomenon.first of all, the decreasing price of pc plays an import
41、ant part. what is more, internet provides students and amazing world to explore. for example, people can make friends around the world. in addition, for students, the computer can be a great help to their study. therefore, more and more students devote their time to computers.as far as i am concerne
42、d, there are some problems existing in student use of computers. on one hand, lack of skills fails students to make full use of the computer. on the other hand, lacking necessary disciplines, some students indulge in computer games and net world, forgetting their major tasks as college students. in
43、brief, i may reasonably conclude that there is still a lot to do to help students make good use of computers.student use of computers according to the chart, it is clear that the students use of computers has grown rapidly. the chart shows from 1990 to 1995, the average hours that students spent on
44、computers in every week were only doubled, while in 2000, the number grew to 20 hours, which is five times as large as that of 1995. many reasons contribute to this tremendous growth. to begin with, the low price of computer allows many students to have one in university. that is to say, the price o
45、f pc is becoming so cheap that many students can have their own computers. moreover, many net bars can provide students convenient access to computers. in addition, internet provides people an amazing world to explore. as a result, computers have an irresistible attraction to them.as to me, i think
46、there are still problems in student use of computers. first of all, students dont have enough skills to command computers, which limits them to the full used of computers. besides, students who are short of self-disciplines may forget their main task of study. to conclude, we still need take effecti
47、ve measures to make progress in student use of computers.二對(duì)比選擇型基本方法為:闡述一種觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度并表明這種觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度正確的理由;闡述第二種(相對(duì)或相反的)觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度并說明這種觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度正確的理由;表明個(gè)人支持或反對(duì)以上觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度,并說明原因。一) there is no complete agreement among people as to 問題/事物. some people consider, 一種看法/觀點(diǎn). however, others think that 另一種看法/觀點(diǎn). some people may say 觀
48、點(diǎn)一的理由. they hold this opinion because 深入闡述觀點(diǎn)一的理由. however, others believe, 觀點(diǎn)二的理由.they argue that, 深入闡述觀點(diǎn)二的理由. personally, i am in favorof the 我的觀點(diǎn)或看法. firstly, 個(gè)人看法的依據(jù)一. secondly, 個(gè)人看法的依據(jù)二. most important of all 個(gè)人看法的依據(jù)三. taking above-mentioned factors into consideration, we/i may reasonably conclu
49、de that 重申觀點(diǎn)。e.g.: 1. is a test of spoken english necessary? 1. 很多認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語口語考試,理由是. 2. 也有人持不同意見,. 3. 我的看法和打算 2. reading selectively or extensively? 1. 有人認(rèn)為讀書要有選擇 2. 有人認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)博覽群書 3. 我的看法 reading selectively or extensively? 3. should the university campus be open to tourists? 1. 名校校園正成為旅游新熱點(diǎn) 2. 校園是否應(yīng)對(duì)游
50、客開放,人們看法不同 3. 我認(rèn)為.4. advantages and disadvantages of internet. 1.當(dāng)然,因特網(wǎng)既有其優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有弊端。2.因特網(wǎng)在很多方面對(duì)人類是有益的。3.然而,因特網(wǎng)也給我們帶來了許多問題。4.總之,因特網(wǎng)的利弊取決于我們?nèi)绾问褂盟?. my view on job-hopping 1. 有些人喜歡始終從事一種工作,因?yàn)? 2. 有些人喜歡經(jīng)常更換工作,因?yàn)? 3. 我的看法 6. how to memorize english words?1. 一些人認(rèn)為背誦生詞表中的英文單詞是最佳的學(xué)習(xí)方法2. 一些人認(rèn)為要記住英文單詞的最佳學(xué)習(xí)方法是大量
51、閱讀3. 我的做法7. love and study1. 有些人認(rèn)為談戀愛會(huì)影響學(xué)習(xí)2. 有些人卻認(rèn)為談戀愛會(huì)促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)3. 你的看法8. the future of our world1. 一些人對(duì)人類社會(huì)的未來持樂觀態(tài)度,因?yàn)椤?. 另一些人則持悲觀態(tài)度(如:污染和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等對(duì)人類的威脅。)3. 我的看法is a test of spoken english necessary?there is no complete agreement among people as to whether we should have a test of spoken english or not. some
52、 people consider that it is necessary for college students to have such a test. however, others think that it is useless to emphasize the importance of spoken english.some people may say that a test of spoken english is very important. they hold this opinion because they maintain that such a test ca
53、n stimulate college students to have conversation practice. however, others believe that taking such a test is a waste of time. they argue that it is reading, translating and writing skills that really matter.personally, i am in favor of the former opinion. firstly, spoken english is becoming more a
54、nd more important in global communication. secondly, such a test can strengthen students awareness of the importance of spoken english. most important of all, if we cant speak fluently, we will not achieve the ultimate purpose of learning english: to communicate with foreigners. taking the above men
55、tioned factors into consideration, we may reasonably conclude that it is necessary for college students to take a test of spoken english.is a test of spoken english necessary?a test of spoken english will be included as an optional component of the college english. when talking about it, different p
56、eople will offer different opinions. some people take it forgranted that college students should take a test of spoken english. in their opinion, it is good chance forthem to test their spoken english. besides, it also make them know the importance of the spoken english. however, others hold that a
57、test of spoken english is unnecessary in the university and colleges. they maintain that college students practice of spoken english is not fortesting but fordaily use. and they think it is hard to manage such a subjective test. weighing up these two arguments, i am forthe first point of view. foron
58、e thing, spoken english is very important. foranother, a test of spoken english can guide and supervise students to make conversation practice. forinstance, when choosing books and other materials, students can pick them according to the bands of the test they want to take. therefore, as stated above, the first point of view can hold water.三問題解決型此類作文要求考生從提示性文字或圖表、圖畫入手,解釋提示性文字、圖表、圖畫反映出的問題,提出問題的危害性或解決這一問題的緊迫性
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