簡(jiǎn)單句并列句復(fù)合句

1、簡(jiǎn)單句并列句復(fù)合句簡(jiǎn)單句：（五種）主語 +謂語（vi）主語 +謂語（vt） +賓語主語 +謂語（vt） +間接賓語+直接賓語主語 +謂語（vt） +賓語 +賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語：表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，一般位于及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。賓語的形式：1動(dòng)詞賓語He likes music.2介詞賓語They are talking about the movie.3雙賓語：間接賓語( sb)直接賓語( sth)He gave me a book .注意：當(dāng)兩賓語都為代詞時(shí)，必須用介詞把人放后面。Pleasegiveittome4形式賓語真正賓語I think it hard to finish this

2、difficult job before Sunday.句型：主語find/think it adj. to do sth.主語：動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。主語的形式：1、位于句首。The sun rises in the east(名詞)He likes dancing.(代詞)Ten years is a short time in history. (數(shù)詞)Seeing is believing. (動(dòng)名詞)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主語從句)2、形式主語 + 真正主語Its adj. +that句型：Its adj.

3、for sb. to do sth.Itsadj. of sb. to do sth.Its no adj. (for sb.) doing sth.謂語；表示主語的行為或狀態(tài)，常用動(dòng)詞或者動(dòng)詞詞組擔(dān)任，放在主語的后面。謂語的形式：1簡(jiǎn)單謂語：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成How often do you go shopping?Why didnt you come back last night?2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞vYou may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cough.3系動(dòng)詞 表語（ 說明主語是什么或怎么樣）We are stu

4、dents.That idea sounds great!My father is a teacher. (名詞)You look younger than before. (形容詞)Everyone is here. (副詞)They are at the theatre. (介詞短語)My job is to teach them English. (不定式)Her job is training the nurses (動(dòng)名詞)That is why he didnt come to school yesterday.(從句)主語 +系動(dòng)詞+表語He never argues with

5、friends. (名詞)He often helps me (代詞)How many do you need? We need two. (數(shù)詞)He likes to sleep in the open air. (不定式)The Americans enjoyed living in China. .(動(dòng)名詞)I believe that they can finish the work in time(從句)There be 結(jié)構(gòu)：（倒裝句）就近原則并列句: 簡(jiǎn)單句連接詞簡(jiǎn)單句1、是指由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成的句子，其中簡(jiǎn)單句由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞連接的簡(jiǎn)單句叫做

6、分句。聯(lián)合關(guān)系連詞轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系連詞選擇關(guān)系連詞因果關(guān)系連詞and（和；同；與；又；并且）both.and（既.又.） notonly.butalso（不僅.而且.）（就近原則）aswellas（和；同；也；除.之外）（主謂一致）never.but(除了不會(huì))when就在這時(shí)，然后neithernor（既不也不）等。but（但是；可是；而；卻）while（而；但是；可是；卻）however，nevertheless，yet，still（但是；然而；盡管如此）when（正當(dāng)那時(shí)；突然； or（否則，要不然；或者，也不；）orelseotherwiseneither.nor（既不.也不.）Neither

7、AnorBnorCeither.or（或是.或是.；不是.就是.） eitherAorBorCnot.but（不是.而是.）so（原因+so+結(jié)果，意為因此，所以）for（結(jié)果+for+原因，意義上與從屬連詞because/since/as相同，但只能接簡(jiǎn)單句）注意：名詞A+aswellas+名詞B，作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)A；notonly+名詞A+butalso+名詞B，作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)Bwhen作這種用法時(shí)，主要用于was/weredoingsth.whensth./sb.did;was/wereabouttodosth.whensth./sb.did;was/wereonthepointofdoing

8、sth.whensth./sb.did等句型中，表示“當(dāng)某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在這時(shí)突然又發(fā)生了另一事”。but,while不與although連用，但yet,still可與although連用。but不需要另起新句。However需要另起新句，中間用逗號(hào)隔開。注意：不能與because出現(xiàn)在同一句子中，因?yàn)閎ecause是從屬連詞，so是并列連詞注意：for引導(dǎo)的句子只能置于句末，之前必須有逗號(hào)并列句的省略：若后面分句有詞和前面分句的詞重復(fù)，為避免重復(fù)，可省Eg：Iworkinafactoryandmysister(works)onafarm.“祈使句(名詞短語)，and/or+陳述

9、句”，其中祈使句表示一個(gè)條件(名詞短語可能表示條件或時(shí)間)，and后的句子表示結(jié)果，or后面的句子表示相反的結(jié)果。Climbtothetopofthemountain,andyoullgetagoodviewofthecity.爬上山頂你就會(huì)欣賞到這個(gè)城市的美景。Hurryup,oryoullbelate趕快，不然你會(huì)遲到的。復(fù)合句:含有一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上從句的句子。復(fù)合句包含:名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句)、定語從句和狀語從句等。賓補(bǔ)的形式此類動(dòng)詞有賓語名詞名詞起到補(bǔ)充說明的作用call，name，make，find，choose、 think、 leave等We cal

10、l him Jack.They made Li Lei their monitor.賓語形容詞與賓語有邏輯上的主表關(guān)系think，believe，leave，drive，make，keep，turn，wish，want等。Do you think his idea wrong?We must keep our classroom clean. (classroom is clean.)賓語副詞表示賓語的狀態(tài)，與賓語有邏輯上的主表關(guān)系down，up，here，there，home，in，out，anywhere等Let him in/ out.Mr. Li drove us home.賓語介詞短

11、語表示賓語所處的狀態(tài)，兩者有主表關(guān)系。We found everything in good order.We regard him as our good friend.賓語不定式A ：帶to的不定式。要求命令ask tell想要 want邀請(qǐng)invite期待expect鼓勵(lì)encourage與建議advise答應(yīng)promise告誡warn允許allow提醒remindThe cool water of the lake invited us to swim.B ：不帶to 的不定式。一感二聽三讓四看一感feel二聽hear listen to 三讓make let have四看see no

12、tice watch observeThe boss made the workers work 12 hours a day.I often hear him read English in his room.C： 注意help 后可加to 或不加to。She sometimes helps her mother (to) do housework.賓語現(xiàn)在分詞句型中的賓語即為現(xiàn)在分詞邏輯上的主語，有著主謂關(guān)系I saw them playing on the playground.I heard Mary singing in the classroom.賓語過去分詞過去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成,賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系I had my bike stolen.I speak loudly to make myself heard形式賓語形容詞We found it impossible to get there before Saturday.賓語what 從句Call me what you like.定語用來修飾名詞或代詞，對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用的表示,通常位于被修飾的成分前。定語+名詞后置定語修飾不定代