一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成及用法

1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成及用法：一 、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法：1. 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday, last week, three days ago, in 1998,just now等，或與由when引導(dǎo)的從句連用。 2. 也可以表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作。句子中常帶有every day, often, usually, always, sometimes等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例：When I worked in the company, I got up early every morning. 在那家公司上班時(shí)，我每天早晨都起得很早。In the pa

2、st few years she usually went touring during her summer holidays.在過(guò)去的幾年里，每逢暑假她總是出去旅游。二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的形式to be: 第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)和第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)用was, 其余的人稱(chēng)用were。to do(行為動(dòng)詞)：行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式有兩類(lèi)，一類(lèi)是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，另一類(lèi)是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。to have: 各人稱(chēng)，單、復(fù)數(shù)一律用had?？?定句否 定 句 beI /He/She/It was.I/ He /She/It was not .We/You/They were.We /You/They were not.haveI /He/S

3、he/It/ We/You/They had.I/ He /She/It/We/You/They had not（有） . I/He/She/It/We/You/They did not have (吃/喝/進(jìn)行.)行為動(dòng)詞I /He/She/It/ We/You/They studiedI/ He /She/It/ We /You/They did not study一般疑問(wèn)句簡(jiǎn)略回答beWas he/she/it.?Yes,he was.(No,he wasnt.)Were we/you/they.?Yes,you were. (No,you were not)haveHad I/he/s

4、he/it/you/we/ they.? Did I/you/he. have.Yes,you had.(No,you hadnt.)Yes,you did.(No,you didnt.)行為動(dòng)詞Did he/she/ it/ we/you/ they study.?Yes,you did.(No,you didnt.)I. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的概念 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：last year, yesterday等； 也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often, always等頻率副詞連用。例如：I saw him in the stre

5、et yesterday. 昨天我在街上看見(jiàn)他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅總是步行上學(xué)。II. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成我們主要來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成：(1)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成有四條規(guī)則：一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study

6、-studied。(2)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。III. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的幾種句型肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其它。如：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+did not (didnt)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：He didnt go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天沒(méi)去玩具店。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成：Did+主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其它？如：1) -

7、Did you go to Beijing last week?-Yes, we did. (No, we didnt.)2) -Did you meet the businessman before?-No, I didnt. (Yes, I did.)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成：疑問(wèn)詞did+主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其它？如：1) -What did you do last night?-I did my homework.2) -Where did you go last week?-I went to Shanghai with my parents.一般過(guò)去時(shí)口訣一般過(guò)去時(shí)并不難，表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作

8、、狀態(tài)記心間。動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)句末站。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，didnt 站在動(dòng)詞原形前，其它部分不要變。一般疑問(wèn)句也好變，did放在句子前，主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑問(wèn)句也簡(jiǎn)單，疑問(wèn)詞加一般疑問(wèn)句記心間。最后一條請(qǐng)注意，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式要牢記。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí) 2007-12-12 13:41:00 | By: 37z.顏賓 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)Teaching periods:1.Teaching aims and demands: 1. 口筆頭掌握各種一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型。 2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的動(dòng)詞規(guī)則與不規(guī)則變化。Teaching procedure:St

9、ep 1 review 1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)共同點(diǎn)：兩者均可表示人的性格、特征、愛(ài)好，以及習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，常與頻度副詞：often,sometimes,seldom,usually,always,once a week,three times a month,等連用。Eg: I like singing . I liked singing when I was a child. I often sing . I often sang when I was a child. 在條件和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，一般將來(lái)時(shí)要改為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)要改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Eg: I am going to be

10、a docter when I grow up .I am going to the zoo if it doesnt rain . The weather is getting warmer and warmer when spring comes .2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的不同點(diǎn)： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，以及永恒不變的事實(shí)、真理和自然規(guī)律，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)today, every day, on Sunday, every morning等連用。 Eg: What day is today ? We sometimes go to the park on Sunday.

11、They ride bikes to school every day. I get up early every morning . Spring returns in March. He said spring returns in March.The sun is bigger than the moon .一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday,last year, the day before yesterday , the month before,this morning,five days ago等連用。 Eg: What day was yes

12、terday ? We sometimes went to the park on Sunday last year . They rode bikes to school the day before yesterday. I got up early this morning .I lost my pen five days ago .Step 2 presentation1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)肯、否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句及簡(jiǎn)短回答和特殊疑問(wèn)句的變化規(guī)則。 “行為動(dòng)詞”與助動(dòng)詞“do”連用：Sometimes we go to the park on Sunday.Sometimes we dont g

13、o to the park on Sunday.Do you sometimes go to the park on Sunday ?Yes,we do./ No, we dont.Where do you sometimes go on Sunday ?When do you sometimes go to the park ?“行為動(dòng)詞三單主語(yǔ)”與助動(dòng)詞“does”連用：Spring returns in March. Spring doesnt return in March. Does spring return in March ？Yes, it does. / No, it doe

14、snt.When does spring return？“be動(dòng)詞”可以兼助動(dòng)詞：The sun isnt bigger than the moon .Is the sun bigger than the moon？Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.How is the sun than the moon？2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯、否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句及簡(jiǎn)短回答和特殊疑問(wèn)句的變化規(guī)則。 “行為動(dòng)詞” 與助動(dòng)詞“did”連用： I got up at six thirty this morning . I didnt get up at six thirty this morning .

15、Did you get up at six thirty this morning ?Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. When did you get up this morning ?“be動(dòng)詞” 可以兼助動(dòng)詞：It was Monday yesterday .It wasnt Monday yesterday .Was it Monday yesterday ?Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt.What day was yesterday ?Step 3 practice1.T: I like singing .Cue: when I was a

16、 child.S: I liked singing when I was a child.Cue: 否定句S: I didnt like singing when I was a child.Cue: 一般問(wèn)句S: Did you like singing when you were a child ?Cue:answerS: Yes,I did .Cue:WhatS: What did you like when you were a child ?2. T: They ride bikes to school every day. Cue:heS: He rides a bike to s

17、chool every day.Cue: yesterdayS: He rode a bike to school yesterday .Cue: 否定句S: He didnt ride a bike to school yesterday .Cue: 一般問(wèn)句S: Did he ride a bike to school yesterday ?Cue:answerS: Yes, he did .Cue: WhenS: When did he ride a bike to school ?3. T: I get up early every morning .Cue: she S: She g

18、ets up early every morning .Cue: last morningS: I got up early last morning .Cue: 否定句S: I didnt got up early last morning . Cue: 一般問(wèn)句S: Did he get up early last morning ?Cue:answerS: Yes, he did .Cue: When S: When did he get up early ?4. T: I lost my pen five days ago .Cue: 否定句S: I didnt lose my pen

19、 five days ago .Cue: 一般問(wèn)句S: Did he lose his pen five days ago ?Cue:answerS: Yes, he did .Cue: When S: When did he lose his pen ?5. T: We go to the park twice a month .Cue: TheyS: They go to the park twice a month . Cue: he S: He goes to the park twice a month . Cue: 否定句S: He doesnt go to the park tw

20、ice a month . Cue: 一般問(wèn)句S: Does he go to the park twice a month ? Cue:answerS: Yes, he does.Cue: How often S: How often does he go to the park ?Cue:Where S: Where does he go twice a month ?Step 4 consolidation 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的規(guī)則與不規(guī)則變化。1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的動(dòng)詞基本上用原形，只有主語(yǔ)三單時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞類(lèi)似名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化，其變化規(guī)則如下：一般情況直接加s讀作z / s . Eg:

21、 work-works,以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾，直接加s, 讀作z / s . Eg: like-likes以se, ,結(jié)尾, 加s,讀作iz . Eg: riserises,以s, x,結(jié)尾，加es,讀作iz . Eg: miss-misses , fix-fixes ,以o, 結(jié)尾，加es,讀作z Eg: gogoes,以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，須改成i, 加es , 讀作z. Eg: carry- carries,2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)除了不規(guī)則變化要死背硬記，其余的規(guī)則變化如下：一般情況直接加ed讀作d / t / id , . Eg: work-worked,以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾，直接加d, 讀作d / t

22、/ id . 一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago ( 之前) , yesterday, last, in+ 過(guò)去年份，just now ( 剛才） Eg: likeliked,以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，須改成i, 加ed, 讀作d. Eg: carry- carried,Step 5 project and homework.Correct the mistakes.1. Where does he goes twice a month ?2. How often do he goes to the park ?3. He isnt go to the park twice a month .4. We goe