英語選修六虛擬語氣匯編

1、 Unit 1 Art Learning about language 高二人教新課標版選修六高二人教新課標版選修六 Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 1. _ excellent; splendid 2. _ purpose; intention 3. _ silly or unreasonable 4. _ trust; strong belief 5. _ easily notice

2、d or understood 6. _ traditional superb aim ridiculous faith evident conventional 7. _ room or building for showing works of art 8. _ based on general ideas rather than specific examples 9. _ method of doing or performing something, especially in the arts or sciences 10. _ the art of making figures,

3、 objects, etc out of stone, wood, clay, etc gallery abstract technique sculpture 2 Complete the passage below using the words in the box in the correct form. predict, adopt, attempt, possess, by coincidence, a great deal, on the other hand, ARE THOSE SUNFLOWERS A REAL PAINTING BY VAN GOGH? The most

4、popular art style in Western countries is Impressionism. Many people would love to _ an Impressionist painting and spend _ of money to own one. _ there are a lot of painters who can _ the art style of any famous Impressionist artist and possess a great deal by coincidence adopt produce unknown “mast

5、erpieces”. One such painter, Otto Wacker, _ to make a lot of money quickly and painted lots of “masterpieces” in the style of Van Gogh. Many were considered to be Von Goghs own work by important art critics. On the one hand some of them were discovered. _ some famous art critics wonder attempted On

6、the other hand if there are many other “masterpieces” hanging on gallery walls. As a man looking after Van Goghs paintings said: “I would not be surprised if the number (of “masterpieces”) grows to more than 200.” So who can _ where and when the next “masterpiece” will be discovered? predict Subjunc

7、tive mood Grammar 一、語氣的分類一、語氣的分類 英語的動詞一般可帶三種不同的語氣英語的動詞一般可帶三種不同的語氣: 陳述語氣陳述語氣, 祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。 不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式來表示。不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式來表示。 陳述語氣陳述語氣 I went to the theatre yesterday. Jack hadnt come back home yet. 祈祈使語氣使語氣 Lets go. Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings. 關(guān)于陳述語氣關(guān)于陳述語氣 1 What w

8、ill you do if it rains tomorrow? I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 關(guān)于陳述語氣關(guān)于陳述語氣 2 關(guān)于祈使語氣關(guān)于祈使語氣 1 關(guān)于祈使語氣關(guān)于祈使語氣 2 關(guān)于祈使語氣關(guān)于祈使語氣 3 關(guān)于祈使語氣關(guān)于祈使語氣 4 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 If I were you, I would not leave her alone. Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon. 條件條件 從句從句 If 從句的謂語形從句的謂語形 式式 主句的謂

9、語形式主句的謂語形式 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 過去過去 未來未來 V. + ed (were) had done would/could/should/ might +V (原原) would/could/should/ might+have+p.p. 1. V. + ed. 2. should+ V.(原原) 3. were to do would/could/should /might +V.(原原) 一、虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法一、虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法 如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話, 我們就出去野餐了。我們就出去野餐了。 If it were not raining, we s

10、hould go for a picnic. 如果他來這如果他來這, 他就能夠幫助你了。他就能夠幫助你了。 If he came here, he might be able to help you. 要是當初她被邀請的話要是當初她被邀請的話, 她就會去參加她就會去參加 這次聚會了。這次聚會了。 She would have gone to the party if she had been invited. 今天早上今天早上, 她要是不叫我的話她要是不叫我的話, 我就會我就會 睡過頭了。睡過頭了。 If she hadnt called me, I would have overslept

11、this morning. 明年我要是二十歲明年我要是二十歲, 我就會學法語。我就會學法語。 If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French. 要是失敗了要是失敗了, 我會再試一次。我會再試一次。 If it should fail, I would try again. 1. 如果你早來如果你早來5 5分鐘分鐘, ,你就趕上這趟車了。你就趕上這趟車了。 If you _ here five minutes earlier, you _ the bus. 2. 如果我現(xiàn)在不忙如果我現(xiàn)在不

12、忙, ,我就來幫你了。我就來幫你了。 If I _ not busy, I _ you now. 3. 如果明天下雪了如果明天下雪了, ,我們怎么辦？我們怎么辦？ What _ we do if it _ tomorrow? had got werewould help shouldwere to snow would have caught If I _ busy last night, I _ to see the film with you. had not been would have gone If he _ more carefully, he _ the car acciden

13、t yesterday. would not have had had driven If I _(know) your telephone number, I _ (telephone) you yesterday. had known would have telephoned 二、虛擬語氣特殊句型二、虛擬語氣特殊句型: 1. wish 的賓語的賓語 從句從句 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在: 過去時過去時(were) 過去過去: 過去完成時過去完成時(had done) 未來未來: would/could/might +V.(原原) should 我現(xiàn)在要是年輕十歲就好了。我現(xiàn)在要是年輕十歲就好了。 I wi

14、sh I were ten years younger now. 我昨天要是遇見他就好了。我昨天要是遇見他就好了。 I wish I had met him yesterday. 我希望成為一名科學家。我希望成為一名科學家。 I wish I would be a scientist. I wish I were as tall as YaoMing. I wish I were a bird. I wish every day were my birthday. I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon. 表示對表示對過去情況過去情況的虛擬

15、的虛擬:從句動詞從句動詞 常用常用“had過去分詞過去分詞”。 The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it. I wish it would rain tomorrow. 2. would rather that 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在: 過去過去: 未來未來: I would rather you paid me now. I would rather I hadnt come yesterday. I would rather you came tomorrow. 過去時過去時 過去時過去時 過去完成時過去完成時 3. as if /tho

16、ugh + 從句從句 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在： 過去過去： 過去時過去時 過去完成時過去完成時 She loves the baby as if it were her own son. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. 他們就像多年的朋友一樣交談。他們就像多年的朋友一樣交談。 They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他看上去像是醉了。他看上去像是醉了。 He looks as if he were drunk. 她看起來似乎是冰做的。她看起來似乎是冰做的。 s

17、he looked as if she were made of ice. 我們該去我們該去 睡覺了。睡覺了。 4. Its (about/high) time +that 過去時過去時(were) should(不省不省) +V. 你該走了。你該走了。 Its high time that you went. Its high time that you were going. Its high time that you should go. Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed. 5. 表示要求表示

18、要求, 命令命令, 建議的虛擬語氣。使用建議的虛擬語氣。使用 should + 動詞原形動詞原形, 或者將或者將should省略省略。 常見動詞常見動詞: 一個堅持一個堅持, 兩個命令兩個命令, 三個建議三個建議, 四個要求。即四個要求。即 1) insist 2) order, command 3) advise, suggest, propose 4) demand, require, request, ask I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent

19、there. 注意注意: 如如suggest, insist不表示不表示“建議建議” 或或“堅持要某人做某事時堅持要某人做某事時”, 即它們用即它們用 于其本意于其本意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“堅持認堅持認 為為”時時, 賓語從句用陳述語氣。賓語從句用陳述語氣。 1) The guard at gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules. 2) He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospital at once. obey was be sent 3)

20、 He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once. 4) His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill. have was 以上動詞相應的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句以上動詞相應的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句 包括主語從句包括主語從句, 表語從句和同位語也要表語從句和同位語也要 使用虛擬語氣使用虛擬語氣, 從句中的動詞形式為從句中的動詞形式為 (should) + 動詞原形動詞原形 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request 6. Its necessary/s

21、trange/natural/ important /pity/no wonder/impossible + that 從句從句, 從句中的動詞要用虛擬從句中的動詞要用虛擬, 即即(should)+ 動詞原形動詞原形 我們掌握一門外語是非常重要的。我們掌握一門外語是非常重要的。 It is important that we (should) master a foreign language. 很奇怪她竟然拒絕來參加聚會。很奇怪她竟然拒絕來參加聚會。 It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 我們有必要努力學習。我們有必要努力學習

22、。 Its necessary that we should study hard. 7. 虛擬語氣用于虛擬語氣用于If only 引導的感嘆句引導的感嘆句 中中, “要是要是就好了就好了” If only I were a flying bird! = How I wish I were a flying bird! 要是我看過那部電影就好了！要是我看過那部電影就好了！ If only I had seen the film! =How I wish I had seen the film! 8. 在含有在含有If it were not for或或If it had not been fo

23、r 條件句的虛擬語氣中。條件句的虛擬語氣中。 nIf it were not for the rain, the crops would die. 要不是你的幫助要不是你的幫助, 我們就不可能提前完成任務。我們就不可能提前完成任務。 If it had not been for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time. = But for your help = Without your help = Had it not been for your help, 9. 混合型的條件句混合型的條件句 當條件從句與主句所

24、表的時間不一當條件從句與主句所表的時間不一 致時致時, 虛擬語氣的形式應作相應的調(diào)整。虛擬語氣的形式應作相應的調(diào)整。 主句和從句的謂語動詞并不相互呼應主句和從句的謂語動詞并不相互呼應, 這種條件句叫混合條件句這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見的。較多見的 混合型條件句是混合型條件句是從句用過去完成時從句用過去完成時 (指過去行為指過去行為), 而主句用一般時而主句用一般時(指指 目前狀態(tài)目前狀態(tài))。 如果他聽了我的勸告如果他聽了我的勸告, 他現(xiàn)在會通過考試。他現(xiàn)在會通過考試。 He would pass the test if he had taken my advice. 假如昨天我對他說了假如

25、昨天我對他說了, 現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么 辦了。辦了。 If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now. 假如我是你假如我是你, 我當時就不會打破那杯子。我當時就不會打破那杯子。 If I were you , I would not have broken the glass. 10. 連詞連詞if的省略的省略 如果虛擬條件句的謂語部分有如果虛擬條件句的謂語部分有were, had和和should時時, 可省略可省略if, 把把were, had 和和should放到從句主語前面去放到從句主語前面去,

26、 多見于多見于 書面語。書面語。 要是沒有你的幫助要是沒有你的幫助, 我就失敗了。我就失敗了。 Had you not helped me, I should have failed. 假如你處在我的地位假如你處在我的地位, 你也會這樣干的。你也會這樣干的。 Were you in my position, you would do the same. 假如他們進攻我們假如他們進攻我們, 我們就把他們徹底我們就把他們徹底 消滅干凈。消滅干凈。 Should they attack us, well wipe them out completely. 1. _ he come, the prob

27、lem would be settled. A. would B. should C. shall D. if 2. _, man could not live at all . A. were it not for the sun . B. if it was for the sun . C. had it not been for the sun. D. if it shouldnt be for the sun. B A 3. _. Everything would have been all right. A. had he been here B. here he had been

28、C. been here he had D. had he been here 4. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. would you be B. should you be C. could you be D. might you be B B 錯綜時間條件句。即假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞錯綜時間條件句。即假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞 發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動詞不一致。發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動詞不一致。 主句和從句的謂語動詞要根據(jù)各自的時間而定。主句和從句的謂語動

29、詞要根據(jù)各自的時間而定。 * 近幾年各類考試中常見的試題類型：近幾年各類考試中常見的試題類型： If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955, the housing problems now in some parts of this country _ so serious. A. wouldnt be B. will not have been C. wouldnt have been D. would have not been A 如果你采納了我的建議如果你采納了我的建議, 你現(xiàn)在就會好得多。你現(xiàn)在

30、就會好得多。 If you had followed my advice, you would be better now. 如果你之前努力學習了如果你之前努力學習了, 你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學 生生, 四年后就會大學畢業(yè)了。四年后就會大學畢業(yè)了。 If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years time. 假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中有條件從句中有should, were

31、, had三個助動詞三個助動詞, 可以把可以把 if 省略省略, 并將這并將這 三個詞提至句首。三個詞提至句首。 _ she a man, she might be elected president. A. If were B. Were C. Be D. Is B If I had time, I would come. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Had I time, I would come. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 含蓄虛擬條

32、件句。句中有含蓄虛擬條件句。句中有without, or, otherwise , but for等詞隱含某種假設(shè)。等詞隱含某種假設(shè)。 I lost your address, otherwise I _ you long before. A. had visited B. have visited C. would have visited D. should visit C 沒有你的幫助沒有你的幫助, 我們就不會實驗成功。我們就不會實驗成功。 Without your help, we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment. 要不是這場雨要不是這

33、場雨, 我們就完成工作了。我們就完成工作了。 But for the rain, we would have finished the work. 常見的幾種固定句式。常見的幾種固定句式。 如如If only, insist, suggest及及Its time/ necessary/important that從句等等。從句等等。 If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened His silence at the meeting suggested that h

34、e _ to your plan. A. shouldnt agree B. wouldnt agree C. hadnt agreed D. didnt agree D D The old professor gave orders that the experiment _ before 6. A. was finished B. will finish C. be finished D. shall be finished Its high time he _ home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to go Even if he _(be