直接引語變間接引語課件

1、王家欣王家欣 模塊模塊4 第一單元第一單元 語法語法 牛津譯林版牛津譯林版 英語學(xué)科英語學(xué)科 高一高一 Grammar and usage Direct speech & reported speech Enjoy the following story It was the first day for Xiaoming to go to school. After school, his father asked Xiaoming what he learned that day. Xiaoming said,“I learned she, you and I”. Then his fath

2、er asked how the teacher explained that. “She is your deskmate.” Xiaoming answered happily, pointing to his mother. “You are my student, I am your teacher.” The father became angry, and said, “She is your mother, you are my son, I am your father.” The next day, in class, the boy went to the teacher

3、and told the techer his puzzle, and he said to the teacher,“She is your mother.” Pointing to his deskmate, “You are my son. I am your father.” 原封不動(dòng)地引用原話，把原原封不動(dòng)地引用原話，把原 話放在引號(hào)內(nèi)話放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，叫直接引語 (Direct speech) 用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，叫間 接引語(Indirect/reported speech)，此時(shí)沒有引號(hào) Definition(定義) I understand you. he un

4、derstood us.He told us What did he tell us ? I can fly. it could fly. It said What did it say ? What did he say ? I will help them with their English. he would help them with their English. He said Conclusion 人稱的變化：人稱的變化： 規(guī)律：規(guī)律： 一主、二賓、三不變一主、二賓、三不變 第一人稱第一人稱隨隨主句的主語主句的主語變化；變化； 第二人稱第二人稱隨隨主句的賓語主句的賓語變化；變化

5、； 第三人稱第三人稱一般不變化。一般不變化。 It said it could fly. He told us that he understand us. He said that he would help them with their English. Practice He said, “I am very sorry.” H e s a i d t h a t I w a s v e r y s o r r y. “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that you

6、 should be more careful the next time. She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” She said to her son that she would check my homework that night. he I his “ I will go to college.” He often says What does he often say ? he will go to college. “I am playing football.” He saidhe was playi

7、ng football. What did he say ? I will go shopping tomorrow. she would go shopping the next day. She said What did she say ? Conclusion 時(shí)態(tài)變化：時(shí)態(tài)變化： 規(guī)規(guī)律：律： 當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)，間接引語中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)保持不保持不 變變； 當(dāng)主句動(dòng)當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為詞為過去時(shí)過去時(shí)，間接引語中的動(dòng)詞作，間接引語中的動(dòng)詞作相應(yīng)的相應(yīng)的前前 推推 He often says he will go to college. He said h

8、e was playing football. She said that she would go shopping the next day. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 一般一般過去過去時(shí)時(shí) 過去過去完成時(shí)完成時(shí) 過去過去進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去過去將來時(shí)將來時(shí) 過去過去完成時(shí)完成時(shí) 1. “It is really cold,” she said to me. She told me that it _ really cold.was 2. “I dont want to go there with Alice

9、,” said Tom. Tom said that he _ want to go there with Alice. didnt 3. The boy said, “I will be a pilot.” The boy said that he _ a pilot.would be 4. Tom said, “We are listening to music.” Tom said that they _ music. were listening to 5. Mike said, “I have finished my homework.” Mike said he _ his hom

10、ework. had finished He said the earth moves around the sun. The earth moves around the sun. What did he say ? 為什么？此句沒有變時(shí)態(tài)？因?yàn)樗鼮槭裁?？此句沒有變時(shí)態(tài)？因?yàn)樗枋龅氖强陀^事實(shí)真理描述的是客觀事實(shí)真理， 經(jīng)得住時(shí)間考驗(yàn)經(jīng)得住時(shí)間考驗(yàn) ，故不變化故不變化 2. 所談情況仍然存在的習(xí)慣或動(dòng)作：所談情況仍然存在的習(xí)慣或動(dòng)作： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor he smo

11、kes two packs every day. 3.3.轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容有表示具體的過去年份的時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容有表示具體的過去年份的時(shí)間， 時(shí)態(tài)不變化時(shí)態(tài)不變化 The teacher said, “The baby was born in 2010.” The teacher said the baby was born in 2010. 4. 部分沒有過去形式的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞部分沒有過去形式的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 如如: must, ought to, should 和和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式 could, would, might, used to, had better等，等， 時(shí)態(tài)不再變時(shí)態(tài)

12、不再變。 She said to me, “You must hurry up.” She told me I must hurry up. 5. 從句為過去完成時(shí)態(tài)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)從句為過去完成時(shí)態(tài)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí) 不變不變 1. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me he _ _ _ wallet. 2. “I took it home with me,” she said. She said she _ _ it home with her. toldhadfoundhis hadtaken Practice 3. The teach

13、er said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west. 4. “I met her at school.” he said to me. He _ me he _ met her at school. 5. Peter said, “I worked in Africa in 2010”. Peter said he _ in Africa in 2010. rises goes toldhad w

14、orked I will give you a concert this weekend. What did he say ? He saidhe would give us a concert that weekend. “I finished my homework two days ago.” She saidshe had finished her homework two days before. What did she say ? I have become a doctor a week ago. What did he say ? He saidhe had become a

15、 doctor a week before. 小結(jié)小結(jié)直接引語直接引語間接引語：間接引語：時(shí)間狀語變化時(shí)間狀語變化 now 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 then 那時(shí)那時(shí) today 今天今天 that day 那天那天 tonight 今晚今晚 that night 那晚那晚 yesterday 昨天昨天 the day before 前一天前一天 this week 這周這周 that week 前一周前一周 last week 上周上周 the week before 一周前一周前 a week ago a week before 上星期上星期 前一周前一周 three days ago three da

16、ys before 三天以前三天以前 前三天前三天 tomorrow 明天明天 the next/following day 次日次日 next week the next/following week 下星期下星期 下一周下一周 the day after tomorrow two days later 后天后天 過兩天過兩天 直接引語直接引語間接引語：間接引語：時(shí)間狀語變化時(shí)間狀語變化 直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語 指示指示 代詞代詞 this 這這that 那那 these 這些這些those 那些那些 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn) 狀語狀語 here 這里這里 there 那里那里 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞come

17、來來 bring 帶來帶來 go 去去 take 拿去拿去 補(bǔ)充：補(bǔ)充： He said, “I lost a key here yesterday.” He said that he had lost a key there the day before. “I read the book here a week ago,” Jane said to him. Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before. Practice She said, “Ill come here again tonight.” She s

18、aid she would go there again that night. He said, “I want this.” He said that he wanted that. May said to Tom, “Ill bring some photos here to you tomorrow.” May told Tom she would take some photos there to him the next day. Sum up 小結(jié) “直接引語直接引語” 變變 間接引語間接引語 人稱變化人稱變化：一主二賓三不變：一主二賓三不變 時(shí)態(tài)變化時(shí)態(tài)變化：主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí) 主句為過去時(shí)主句為過去時(shí) 其他其他 時(shí)態(tài)不變的五大特殊情況時(shí)態(tài)不變的五大特殊情況 常見的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)狀語以及指示代詞和動(dòng)常見的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)狀語以及指