2022高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選修⑧Unit3單元主題語篇訓(xùn)練?含解析?

1、選修 Unit 3 單元主題語篇訓(xùn)練.完形填空The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to date as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to _1_ that we should learn science _2_ observing a

2、nd experimenting on the things around us, and he himself _3_ many important truths.Galileo (15641642), _4_， who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, who began to show how many important _5_ could be discovered by observation b

3、y degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies _6_ more rapidly towards the earth than small ones, _7_ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the _8_ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _9_ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileos _10_ of going direct to natu

4、re, and proving our _11_ and theories by experiment, that has _12_ all the discoveries of modern science.What _13_ those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know clearly that _14_ scientists are those whose observations have _15_ better results.1A.commandBsuspectCsuggest Dconclud

5、e解析：選C根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，這里應(yīng)是Roger Bacon提出的建議。command“命令”；suspect“懷疑”；suggest“建議”；conclude“推斷”。故C選項正確。2A.in BwithCon Dby解析：選D根據(jù)空后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知，此處表示通過觀察我們周圍的事物并做實驗。故D選項正確。3A.brought BdiscoveredChandled Dannounced解析：選B結(jié)合上文和空后的“many important truths”可知，他本人發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多重要的真理。故

6、B選項正確。bring“帶來”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；handle“處理”；announce“宣布”。4A.however BthereforeCseldom Dnever解析：選A上文說Roger Bacon也許是中世紀第一個建議通過觀察和實驗的方式來學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，然而，伽利略是幾個偉大的人物中最偉大的一個。故A選項正確。5A.truths BproblemsCinvestigations Dsubjects解析：選A由空后的“could be discovered by observation”可知，很多真理可以通過觀察而被發(fā)現(xiàn)。上文中的“many important tru

7、ths”也是提示。truth“事實；真理”；problem“問題”；investigation“調(diào)查”；subject“主題”。故A選項正確。6A.threw BfellCran Drolled解析：選B根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)et fall”可知，空處應(yīng)選fell。故B選項正確。7A.although BbecauseCwhen Dif解析：選B根據(jù)“Aristotle said so”的意思可知，這里表示因為亞里士多德是這樣說的。故B選項正確。8A.place BfootCtop Dceiling解析：選C結(jié)合空后的“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall t

8、wo _ stones”可知，伽利略跑到了比薩斜塔的塔頂。故C選項正確。9A.big BsmallCsimilar Dunequal解析：選D根據(jù)上文和空后面的“stones and proved Aristotle was wrong”可知，此處表示使用了兩塊不同重量的石頭，因此選unequal“不相等的”。故D選項正確。similar“相似的”；unequal“不均等的”。10A.spirit BskillCtheory Dwish解析：選A由空后面的“of going direct to nature”可知，此處表示科學(xué)精神(spirit)。故A選項正確。skill“技能”；theory

9、“理論”；wish“愿望”。11A.plans BopinionsCworld Dability解析：選B與空后面“and theories by experiment”中的theories呼應(yīng)，此處表示通過實驗證明我們的觀點和理論。故B選項正確。12A.led to Bturned toCset up Dput forward解析：選A這里是說正是伽利略的這種精神使得現(xiàn)代科學(xué)能有所發(fā)現(xiàn)。故A選項正確。lead to“導(dǎo)致”；turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向”；set up“建立”；put forward“提出”。13A.makes BpreventsCconsiders Dpromises解析：選A結(jié)合

10、下文中的“scientists are those .”可知，此處是說“什么使這些人成為好的科學(xué)家”。故A選項正確。make“使得”；prevent“阻止”；consider“考慮”；promise“許諾”。14A.reasonable BsuccessfulCexpert Dsensitive解析：選Breasonable“合理的”；successful“成功的”；expert“熟練的”；sensitive“敏感的”。結(jié)合上文中所舉的例子我們可以清楚地知道，成功的(successful)科學(xué)家是那些善于觀察、敢于實踐和挑戰(zhàn)權(quán)威的人。故B選項正確。15A.foreseen BrejectedC

11、produced Dchallenged解析：選C根據(jù)語境，此處指那些科學(xué)家們的觀察產(chǎn)生了更好的結(jié)果。foresee“預(yù)見”；reject“拒絕”；produce“生產(chǎn)”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”。故C選項正確。.閱讀七選五(2021武漢質(zhì)檢)Whats the purpose of building patience abilities? In a word, happiness. Better relationships, more success. But indeed it takes efforts to build them successfully. 1 Thus, when

12、the big ones come, we will have developed the patience we need for hard times.Understand the addictive nature of anger and impatience. We, human beings, are still constructed with our old reptilian (爬行動物的) brain that protects our physical and emotional survival. On the emotional survival side, we wa

13、nt our way to get ahead, to achieve, and to “l(fā)ook good”. Lets just face it. 2 So the first step in growing patience is to get in touch with the addictive quality of the opposite of patience anger, impatience, blame and shame. We all have them. And we can grow beyond them.Upgrade our attitude towards

14、 discomfort and pain. Pain has its purposes and pushes us to find solutions we try to change the other person, situation or thing that we think is causing our discomfort. But the problem is that it is not the outside thing thats the source of our pain, but how our mind is set. 3 Pay attention when t

15、he impatience or pain starts. Most of us dont really realize it when we are feeling even the smallest but very present painful feelings. 4 But to really care for ourselves, get curious about whats actually happening in the moment inside you. Focusing on whats actually happening, you can notice the w

16、orry of not wanting whats happening, the resistance. 5 When you find yourself impatient, or angry with yourself, you can remind yourself that you are growing, and that, “Sure, this is understandable; this is what happens to me when Im bothered.” You can say to yourself, “Its true. I dont like this;

17、this is uncomfortable, but I can tolerate it.”APractice positive selftalk.BSo the solution to pain is an inside job.CPatience abilities benefit you in many ways.DLearn to forgive yourself for being impatient in hard times.EWe ignore the fact that were in pain and focus completely on fixing the probl

18、em.FThe urge to protect ourselves and what we consider valuable is absolutely habitforming.GEffective ways are recommended to train ourselves to work with little pain and annoyance.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了培養(yǎng)耐心的幾個有效的方法。1選G根據(jù)空前一句以及空后一句可知，成功地培養(yǎng)耐心需要花費精力，因而推薦一些有效的方法用來訓(xùn)練我們應(yīng)對痛苦及煩惱的能力，因此當更大的麻煩來臨時，我們將已經(jīng)有耐心應(yīng)對困難的

19、時刻。故G項符合語境。2選F根據(jù)空后一句可推知，保護我們自己和我們認為有價值的東西的沖動絕對是由習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成的，因此要做的第一步就是了解負面情緒根深蒂固的本性。故F項符合語境。3選B根據(jù)空前一句可知，問題不是出現(xiàn)在引起痛苦的外在因素上面，而是出現(xiàn)在我們的思考方式上，因此解決痛苦是一種內(nèi)在的活動。故B項符合語境。4選E根據(jù)空前一句及空后的“get curious about whats actually happening in the moment inside you”可知，我們經(jīng)常忽略了這樣一個事實，即我們處于痛苦之中，而我們的關(guān)注的焦點總是全部集中在解決問題上。5選A根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和空處所在位

20、置可知，空處為段落主題句；閱讀本段可知，本段主要是說要積極地自我對話，故A項符合語境。tips 利用邏輯關(guān)系解閱讀七選五在做閱讀七選五時最重要的是要讀懂空格前后的句子，根據(jù)意思的連貫性特別是邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。句間邏輯關(guān)系有顯性的，即有邏輯信號詞，如because, so, however等，邏輯關(guān)系也有隱性的，即前后句之間沒有邏輯信號詞。此時，一定要認真分析空白處前句或后句與某一備選項之間的句際關(guān)系，根據(jù)兩句之間存在的某一種符合語境的邏輯關(guān)系來解題。常見的句際邏輯關(guān)系有因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系、條件關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系和順承關(guān)系等，而因果關(guān)系是考查的重點。例如上文的

21、第1和第2題可通過這種句間的因果關(guān)系解題。.語法填空(2021大連模擬)Chinese highspeed railways are a very 1 (comfort) way to travel. They are clean, quiet and efficient. China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first highspeed train 2 (come) into use in 2008.The stations are 3 (

22、main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened 4 (connect) the highspeed network. The facilities on the train are new and the staff are welltrained. Even the secondclass 5 (chair) provide plenty of space. The passages are so wide 6 you can move without disturbing anyone

23、. You can use your mobile phone, access 7 Internet or work on your laptop. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food 8 (be) limited. The toilets are large, clean and userfriendly too. The train almost doesnt rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.Whats more, wi

24、th a faster checkin, the highspeed trains are also 9 (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are 10 delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國發(fā)達的交通工具高鐵。1comfortable考查形容詞。修飾名詞一般用形容詞，所以用形容詞comfortable修飾名詞way，在句中作定語。2came考查動詞的時態(tài)。主句的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，根據(jù)該句中的“since”和時間狀語“in