課件--五大基本句型PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1 課件課件-五大基本句型五大基本句型 Please correct the wrong sentences. 1. Im writing to everybody some advice about how to keep healthy before the exams. 2. It is important for you to keep yourself have a healthy life. 3. We are go to bed early and get up early too. 4. because is good for our body. 5. I hope we

2、 will more and more healthy. 6. Its can help you more healthy. writing to you to give some advice keep you healthy should go/go because it is will be It can help you be more healthy. 第1頁/共52頁 What makes a sentence? 第2頁/共52頁 Sentence elements 謂語謂語 (v) 定語定語 (Attr)(Attr) 主語主語 (s) (s) 賓語賓語 (IO,O)(IO,O)

3、狀語狀語 (Ad)(Ad) 補(bǔ)語補(bǔ)語 (Cs, Co)(Cs, Co) 主主 語語 謂謂 語語 V t link-V V i 賓語賓語 賓語賓語賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ) 表表 語語 賓語賓語(間)賓語賓語( (直直) ) RevisionRevision 表語表語 (P)(P) 第3頁/共52頁 Point 1Point 1 簡單句的五種基本類型簡單句的五種基本類型 （ five basic sentence patterns) 1. He runs. 2. People make history. 3. Knowledge is power. 4. He gave me a book. 5. We call

4、 her Lily. 主+謂 ( 第4頁/共52頁 基本句型 一:(主謂) 第5頁/共52頁 動(dòng)詞前！ 第6頁/共52頁 第7頁/共52頁 (不及物動(dòng)詞) 1. The sunrose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly 共同特點(diǎn)共同特點(diǎn): 謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類 動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、 狀語從句等。狀語從

5、句等。 第8頁/共52頁 1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.They 10. He flies. rose. cooked. laughed? woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday have gone is playing 第9頁/共52頁 基本句型 二 共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語產(chǎn)生 的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè) 賓語，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類 動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞。 第10頁/共52頁 動(dòng)詞后！ 第11頁

6、/共52頁 （實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）(賓語賓語) 1. Who 2. She 3. He 8. He 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 4. He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts. to have a cup of tea. Good morning. 第12頁/共52頁 基本句型 三 共同特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的 意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語 構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這

7、類動(dòng)詞 叫做連系動(dòng)詞。 系動(dòng)詞分兩類： (1)表示狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。 (2)表示轉(zhuǎn)變或結(jié)果的系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等 第13頁/共52頁 連系動(dòng)詞后！ 第14頁/共52頁 Link-（系動(dòng)（系動(dòng) 詞）詞） (表語表語) 1. This 2. The dinner 3. He 4. Everything 5. He 6. The book 7. The weather 8. His fa

8、ce is smells fell looks is is became turned an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting. warmer. red. 第15頁/共52頁 基本句型 四 共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語才 能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng) 作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承 受者。 通常這一間接承受者用一個(gè)介詞來連 接，當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承 受者之前時(shí)，這一介詞往往被省略。 第16頁/共52頁 （及（及 物）物） I（多（多 指人）指人） （多

9、指物）（多指物） 1. She 2. She 3. He 8. He 5. I 6. I 7. I 4. He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed him her husband you her him him me a new dress. a delicious meal. a dictionary. nothing. my pictures. a hand. how to run the machine. that the bus was late. 第17頁/共52頁 但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人）

10、，則要借助于介詞to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。 用for 側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。 常跟雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有： （需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等； （需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw,

11、find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。 第18頁/共52頁 基本句型 五 共同特點(diǎn): 動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞, 但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還 不能表達(dá)完整的意思, 必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓 語, 才能使意思完整。 賓語補(bǔ)足語: 位于賓語之后對賓語作出說明的成分。 可以用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞, 形容詞, 不定式, 動(dòng)名詞, 分詞, 介詞短語等。 第19頁/共52頁 第20頁/共52頁 （及物）（及物） （賓語）（賓語）（賓補(bǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)） 1. We 2. They 3. They 4. They 5. What 6. We 7. He 8. I keep pa

12、inted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean. green. dinner. dirty. sad? out. to come back soon. getting on the bus. 第21頁/共52頁 (一) 挑出下列句中的賓語 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. How many new words did you learn

13、 last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. 第22頁/共52頁 (二) 挑出下列句中的表語 - The old man was feeling very tired. - The leaves have turned yellow. - Soon They all became interested in the subject. 第23頁/共52頁 (四) 挑出下列句中的賓

14、語補(bǔ)足語 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. 第24頁/共52頁 （二）（二） 第25頁/共52頁 第26頁/共52頁 SVO SV SVO SV SVP SVO SVOC SVO SVOC SVOC (S)VOC SVOC SVIoD o 第27頁/共52頁

15、除了基本句型的成分不變外，通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語而加以擴(kuò)大。這些修飾語可以是單詞（主要是形容詞、副詞和數(shù)詞），也可以是各種類型的短語（主要是介詞短語、不定式短語和分詞短語）。下面以基本句型五（s+v+o+o.c）為例： We found the hall full. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)禮堂坐滿了。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an imp

16、ortant report. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽一個(gè)重要報(bào)告。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽人民日報(bào)的一位同志作有關(guān)東歐局勢的重要報(bào)告。 第28頁/共52頁 不同的動(dòng)詞使用的句型也不盡一樣，因此在學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)掌握動(dòng) 詞的類型。以 get 為例：

17、Hes getting angry. (S V P) He got through the window. (S V O) Youll get a surprise. (S V O) He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C) 在句子中詞類和詞的位置也影響句子的句型和意思: I found the book easily. 我很容易地找到了這本書。(S V O M） I found the book easy. 我覺得這本書很容易。 （S V O C） I have to do something. 我得做點(diǎn)事。 I have something to

18、do. 我有點(diǎn)事做。 第29頁/共52頁 第30頁/共52頁 5.The palaces were large and beautiful. 6.Horse-riding,hammer throw and shooting are some of the more unusual events. 第31頁/共52頁 8.I will pick up rubbish from the ground. 9.You can plant a tree or build a birdhouse. 10.I will tell my friends to protect the environment.

19、第32頁/共52頁 A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah, returns with her family following the ceasefire, at the Lebanon-Syria border in Magdel Anjar August 14, 2006. S + V 第33頁/共52頁 A 53-point win over South Korea wrapped up a perfect Asian exhibitio

20、n tour for a star-studded U.S. team on its way to the world championships. S + V + O 第34頁/共52頁 According to the current information held by the Chinese authorities, a verdict arrived at by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the bird flu research and test centre of Thailan

21、d was arbitrary and based on the fact that the virus found in Thailand and Laos was similar to recent finds in southern China, the ministrys statement said. s+link-v+p 第35頁/共52頁 First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and bea

22、ten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. 這個(gè)定理，先是由十七世紀(jì)法國數(shù)學(xué)家皮爾法特提出，這個(gè)定理，先是由十七世紀(jì)法國數(shù)學(xué)家皮爾法特提出， 曾使一批杰出的數(shù)學(xué)大師為難，包括一位法國女科學(xué)家曾使一批杰出的數(shù)學(xué)大師為難，

23、包括一位法國女科學(xué)家 ，她在解決這個(gè)難題方面取得了重大的進(jìn)展，她曾女扮，她在解決這個(gè)難題方面取得了重大的進(jìn)展，她曾女扮 男裝為了能夠在伊科爾理工學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)。男裝為了能夠在伊科爾理工學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)。 簡析：夾雜過去分詞短語，現(xiàn)在分詞短語，動(dòng)名簡析：夾雜過去分詞短語，現(xiàn)在分詞短語，動(dòng)名 詞及兩個(gè)定語從句。詞及兩個(gè)定語從句。 S+v+o 第36頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用 I He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope 第37頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I _ late in the

24、morning, Bob turned off the alarm. A. Sleep B. Sleeping C. To sleep D. Having slept 第38頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I _ at the door before entering, please. A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock 第39頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I _ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 第40頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用

25、I The manager, _ his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known 第41頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I 7. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. intere

26、sted; be interesting D. interesting; interest 第42頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 第43頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I The flowers _ sweet in the bota

27、nic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smell D. to be smelt 第44頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it? -Yes, _ more words and expressions and youll find it easier to read and communicate. A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known 第45頁/共52頁 實(shí)際應(yīng)用I Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form