第三冊unitone0001

1、第三冊第一部分LANGUAGE POINTSUnit One1. Excuse me, can I borrow this magazine and keep it for a day or two?borrow sth. from sb.向某人借（入）東西lend sth. to sb.借（出）東西給某人lend sb. sth.2） a day or two: one or two days 一兩天 eg: an hour or two 一兩個小時one or two hours2. You mean all the newspapers and magazines ought to be

2、 read inside the room?ought to:應(yīng)該（通常指出于強(qiáng)烈的義務(wù)、責(zé)任） ，反意疑問句中用should nt”。 should:應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該eg:There ought n to be much no ise in a hospital.醫(yī)院里不該有那么多喧鬧聲。You ought to bring up the child, shouldn you?你應(yīng)該撫養(yǎng)那個小孩，是嗎？Ought he to go?Yes, he ought to.他應(yīng)該走嗎？是的，他應(yīng)該走。You should make an apology to her.你應(yīng)該向她道歉。ought to be

3、（done）:應(yīng)該被”eg:She ought to be praised for what she has don e.她應(yīng)該為她所做的事受到表揚(yáng)。His advice ought to be asked for.應(yīng)該征求他的意見。ought to have done: 本應(yīng)該做（實(shí)際上未做）eg: I ought to have helped her, but I n ever could.我本應(yīng)該幫助她，但我一直未能幫助。I m sorryI ought to have phoned to tell you I was coming.對不起，我本應(yīng)該打電話告訴你我要來。3. Then h

4、ow about the back nu mbers?How about/What about + n./doi ng sth. 表示提出建議或征求對方意見。eg: How about / What about goi ng for an outi ng?出去瀏覽怎么樣？How about / What about the red on e? 這個紅的怎么樣？4. One of the commonest and most dangerous causes of home accidents is faulty, in using it.1）One of + n. in pl.作主語，謂語動詞

5、用單數(shù)2）the cause ofeg: What was the cause of the accide nt?事故的原因是什么？The cause of the fire was a cigarette-e nd.火災(zāi)的原因是一個煙頭。cause v.cause sb. sth.cause sth. / sb. to doeg: What caused his illn ess?是什么引起了他的疾?。縄 m not causing you and real trouble, am I?我沒有給你添麻煩，是嗎？What caused him to cha nge his min d?是什么使

6、他改變了主意？5. Somewill run the risk of killingthemselves and their families rather than admitthey don t know ,1) run the risk of doing(=take the risk of / be at the risk of )eg: He ran the risk of los ing his life.他冒著失去生命的危險。He rescued the drovi ng child at the risk of his life.他冒著生命危險去營救那個溺水的孩子。2) rath

7、er than而不是(后可跟任何等同的成分，如跟不定式，則省略 to)eg: He depe nds on you rather tha n on me.他依賴于你而不是我。I like tea rather than coffee.我喜歡茶而不喜歡咖啡。He was busy studying rather than writing the article this time last night.昨天夜里這個時候他正忙于學(xué)習(xí)而不是忙于寫文章。He decided to stay at home rather tha n go to the cin ema.他決定呆在家里而不是去看電影。3)

8、 go wrong 出毛病，壞了go: link verbeg: The food has gone bad.食物已壞了。He has gone bli nd.他已瞎了。It s going hot and I think summer is on the way.天正在變熱，我想夏天快要來臨了。6., the golden rule about anything that works by electricity.1) the golden rule: very important rule or a rule of great importancegolde n adj. excepti

9、on ally valuable;adva ntageous; fineeg: golden rule /age / hours金科玉律/黃金時代/黃金時間(幸福的時刻)golden opportunity/touch絕好的機(jī)會/重要的接觸2) , , that works by sth.work vi.( 機(jī)器等)開動，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)eg: This works by electricity.這是由電驅(qū)動的。My brain does not seem to be work ing well today.我的腦筋今天好像不大靈活。The lift/elevator is not work ing.電梯

10、不在運(yùn)行。to work by manual labour人工運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)7., don t pretend you know when you don t .prete nd vt.prete nd to be doing prete nd to have doneprete nd that cl.prete nd to do8., medicine of any kind should be kept under lock and key.1) medic ine of any kind = any kind of medici neeg: this kind of magaz ine = a m

11、agaz ine of this kinda new kind / brand of coke = coke of a new brand / kindun der repair在修理中un der discussi on在討論中在法律規(guī)定下2) un der lock and key eg: un der control在控制下un der guard在看管下un der the provisi ons of the law9. Brightly coloured pills can be mistake n for sweets,1) colour vt. give or supply c

12、olour to , dyeeg: She coloured her hair dark red.她把頭發(fā)染成了深紅色。Those pills are brightly coloured.那些藥片顏色鮮艷。coloured:his coloured hair他著色的頭發(fā)flesh-coloured肉色的cream-coloured 奶油色的colourful: a colourful life豐富多彩的生活a colourful historical period多彩的歷史時期a colourful n arrative生動的描述2) mistake , for ,把”錯當(dāng)作”eg: Peop

13、lemistaken Mary for her sister.人們總是把瑪麗錯當(dāng)成她的妹妹。Mary is always mistake n for her sister.You may mistake an pla ne light for a star.你可能把飛機(jī)的燈光錯當(dāng)一顆星了。by mistake (n.)eg: I took your umbrella by mistake. 我錯拿了你的傘。She put salt in her cup of tea by mistake.她把鹽錯放在她的茶杯里。10. , to avoid any mistakes about the qua

14、ntity to be taken.1) avoid sth. / doing sth. /being done避免”，回避,，躲開”eg: avoid dan ger / an accide nt避免危險 / 一場事故avoid falling / meeting sb.避免跌倒/遇到某人avoid being no ticed避開另U人注意2) the qua ntity to be take n要服的量“ to be taken ” as attr. “ to be taken ” 作定語11. When there are elderly people , ,great care ha

15、s to be taken in a number of ways.1) elderly adj. n ear old age年邁的elder adj.(僅作定語)年紀(jì)較大的n.年長者，長輩elder ,eldest表示兄弟姐妹或子女的長幼關(guān)系eg: my elder brother我哥哥The elder sister is called Mary.姐姐叫瑪麗。Should we always follow the advice of our elders?我們應(yīng)該老是接受長輩的意見嗎？The eldest son died in infancy.大兒子夭折了。cf: The oldest

16、child now livi ng was her third.比較：現(xiàn)在活著的最大的孩子是她的老三。2) take great care 留神，當(dāng)心take care of sth. / sb.照顧某物/某人3) a number of 許多a large / great number of +C n.許多可數(shù)名詞a large amount of + U n.大量不可數(shù)名詞a large quantity of / quantities of + U n. / C n.大量可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞a great deal of +U n.大量不可數(shù)名詞12.It s better to have

17、a scrubbed floor than a highly polished surface.1) It s better to do, than , ( 如跟不定式，也可省 to) 做, 比做, 要好eg: It s better to go there by plane than by ship.坐飛機(jī)去那里比坐船去要好。It s better to visit him yourself than (to ) ask somebody else to go.叫另一個人去看他不如你自己去拜訪他。2) a scrubbed floor被擦洗得很干凈的地板a polished surface被

18、磨得很光滑的表面p.p.as attr. eg: a burnt match, boiled water, a lost child, unguarded fire 過 去分詞作定語，如：一根燃燒過的火柴，燒開過的水，丟失的孩子，無人看管的火堆 pre.p.as attr. eg:a burning match, boiling water, a sleeping baby現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，如：一根燃燒著的火柴，沸騰的水，睡著的孩子3) highly adv. extremely, admiringly 高度地；很，非常eg: a highly amusing film一部非常有趣的電影to t

19、hink / to speak highly of a person高度評價一個人high adv. 高He raised his hand high.他把手舉得很高。在高空有一架飛機(jī)。adj.There is an aeroplane high in the sky.How high is Mount Tai?泰山有多高？cf.: tall指人或某些高度特別突出cf.: a tall building/tower/man13. Fire, of course, is always a risk risk n.at the risk of sth., or at risk to sth. at

20、 risk : in a dangerous situation take/ run the risk of doing sth.就寬高關(guān)系而言）的物體比較：一座高樓 / 塔/ 一個長得很高的人冒著 , 之險在危險中冒著 , 之險eg: He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life. 他決定即使有生命危險也要去那兒。The disease is spreading, and children under 5 are at risk. 這種疾病在蔓延，凡五歲以下的兒童都有危險。To succeed in business,

21、 one must be prepared to run risks. 一個人要想在事業(yè)上成功，必須作好冒險的準(zhǔn)備。vt. risk sth. / doing冒 , 之險risk one s life / one s health / one s fortune冒生命之險 / 冒失去健康之險 / 冒失去財產(chǎn)之險We must risk getting caught in a storm. 我們必須冒著遭遇風(fēng)暴之險。 risky adj. dangerouseg: a risky undertaking一項(xiàng)多風(fēng)險的事業(yè)14. Safety may mean a little more time and trouble but it may save a