2014年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題課件31：動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、Rockets _ (use) to send up satellitesare usedThe air and the water _(pollute)are beingpollutedTrees _(cut) downSoil _ (wash) awayare being cut will be washed A boxer _(beat) downhas been beatenThe twin towers _ (attack) in 2001were attackedThe boy may _ (infect) with AIDShave been infectedam/is/are

2、donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been doneOral practice-1. Change each sentence into passive voice:1)A car knocked him down yesterday.2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team3)When I got there, they were cutting

3、 up a fallen treeHe was knocked down by a carThe medical team is made up ofA fallen tree was being cut up4)Well put on the play next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year The play will be put on next SundayA new tea

4、ching building is being builtThe railway had been completed by the end of last year 7)We should protect the earth8)You need to paint the wall9) My uncle gave me a gift on my birthdayI A giftThe earth should be protectedThe wall needs to be paintedI was given a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to

5、me on my birthday.10)We always keep the room clean11)We often hear him play guitar12)They saw a boy flying a kiteThe room is always kept cleanHe is often heard to play guitarA boy was seen flying a kite2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer

6、lived in London until he was sending to university3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospitalh

7、ad been damagedis now being builtbroke out7)Class is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washedbeginssoundsto be washed / washing The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes

8、 D. is washedBC主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義表示主語(yǔ)的屬性特征表示主語(yǔ)的屬性特征well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。義。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English hard _(learn)The article is difficult _ (understand).to eatto learnto understand,且和句子且和句子的主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)(

9、或賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。被動(dòng)義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _(read)to doto read,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語(yǔ)又和該句主語(yǔ)(或賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))構(gòu)成主謂構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。1) 表示狀態(tài)特征的表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞+adj./n.,用用主主

10、動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.)The steel feels cold2) 表示表示“開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)”的動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。式表被動(dòng)義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every day3) 表示主語(yǔ)的表示主語(yǔ)的屬性特征的動(dòng)詞屬性特征的動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。(rea

11、d,write,set,sell,wash, clean, wear, open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,.)The pen writes smoothly4) 作作“需要需要”講的講的want/need/require后接后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用主動(dòng)式主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義；當(dāng)表被動(dòng)義；當(dāng)然也可接然也可接不定式的被動(dòng)式不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washed5)在在某些形容詞某些形容詞后后作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),且和句子且和句子的主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)(或賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式用

12、主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。表被動(dòng)義。(difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy, dangerous, safe,.)The fish is not fit to eat6) 作作,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語(yǔ)又和該句主語(yǔ)(或賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))構(gòu)成主構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)謂關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義;但若用在但若用在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中，主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)均結(jié)構(gòu)中，主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)均可（口語(yǔ)中常用主動(dòng)式）?？桑谡Z(yǔ)中常用主動(dòng)式）。I have a lot of homework to doThe

13、re are many things to do/to be done 7) be to blame表示表示“應(yīng)受批評(píng)應(yīng)受批評(píng),責(zé)備責(zé)備”，用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。The boy is to blame for what he has done8)不及物動(dòng)詞和一些不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有不及物動(dòng)詞和一些不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 rise,happen,succeed,remain,. take place,break out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to,.在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語(yǔ)前加在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語(yǔ)前加to

14、: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach, etc.在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語(yǔ)前加在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語(yǔ)前加for:buy,build,cook,cut,choose,find,fetch,do,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,sing,etc.含雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句，一般變間接賓含雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句，一般變間接賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)(指人指人)為主語(yǔ)較多。若把直接賓語(yǔ)為主語(yǔ)較多。若把直接賓語(yǔ)(指物指物)改改為主語(yǔ)，則在間接賓語(yǔ)前加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。為主語(yǔ)，則在間接賓語(yǔ)前加

15、上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。A new shirt was bought _ meThe magazine was passed on _ him.Those books were sold _ Tom at 5 dollars eachAnother piece of music was played _ the patientsThe cup with mixture was showed _ the class A good dinner has been ordered _ the guests.fortotofortofor注意：注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make

16、, listen to, look at等動(dòng)詞等動(dòng)詞/短語(yǔ)后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)短語(yǔ)后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的不定式都不帶語(yǔ)的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后必；但改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后必須帶須帶to。1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B. is to be heldC. are holdingDwill holdB2. Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factoryA. is being repairedB. is repairedC. has

17、been repairedD. hasnt been repairedA3Every possible means _, but none _ successfulA. has tried; has provedBtried; provesC. has been tried; provesD. is being tried; is provedC4The question he asked is hard _ A. for answer B. to answer Cto be answered D. answeringB5In warm weather, fruit and meat _ lo

18、ngA. cannot be keptB. dont keepC. mustnt keepD. is not keptA6He received a telegram _: “Mother ill” Awritten B. reading C. said D. writing B7. -Did you hand him the letter yesterday? -No, I _ to himA. brought itB. took itC. had it sentD. carried it C8Alice had a dress _ last weekAmadeB. makeC. to be

19、 madeD. to makeA9The teacher couldnt make him _ attention to because the students were so noisy.A. payB. paidC. to payD. to be paidB10.-When will the lecture begin? -When the students _ Ahave sat Bsat down Cwill sit Dare seatedD Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is bein

20、g felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedBCYour jacket needs _(wash)The house requires _(repair)washingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat) We fi