過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法詳解

1、 中 國(guó) 教 育 培 訓(xùn) 領(lǐng) 軍 品 牌環(huán)球雅思學(xué)科教師輔導(dǎo)講義講義編號(hào) GELY 學(xué)員編號(hào)：GELY 年 級(jí)： 課時(shí)數(shù)：3學(xué)員姓名： 輔導(dǎo)科目： 學(xué)科教師：祖建學(xué)科組長(zhǎng)簽名及日期教務(wù)長(zhǎng)簽名及日期課 題過去進(jìn)行時(shí)授課時(shí)間：2015備課時(shí)間： 2015教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)用法，辨析過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)等。重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法，從句中的時(shí)態(tài)辨析?？键c(diǎn)及考試要求過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)be doing以及與其他時(shí)態(tài)的辨析?！旧洗握n內(nèi)容回顧】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1定義：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing. Hes playing

2、 basketball now. 3否定句在be后加not。 Hes not 4一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing? 如：What are you doing? 但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing? 如： Who is singing over there? 6.動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking（2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting（3）如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母

3、，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping sit-sitting get-getting run-running forget-forgetting begin-beginning（4）以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改ie為y加ing ，die-dying lie-lying7. 時(shí)間狀語：now, look, listen，Its oclock典型例題： Whats the weather like?Oh, it _ outside. Take an umbrella with you.【2011遼寧大連】A. rains B. is raining C. was rain

4、ing D. rained【新授課知識(shí)講解】第一部分：定義及結(jié)構(gòu)第二部分：用法第三部分：與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別1、 定義及結(jié)構(gòu)1.定義 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作。2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：be (過去式）+ 動(dòng)詞ing2、 用法1. 1.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。常用的時(shí)間狀語 when, while例如： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle . 我哥哥騎自行車的時(shí)候從車上摔下來。It was raining when they left the station.

5、他們離開車站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。They left the station while it was raining . 天正在下雨的時(shí)候他們離開了車站。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽光燦爛。2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。常用的時(shí)間狀語：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 例如： What was

6、she doing at nine oclock yesterday? 昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？ (介詞短語表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 當(dāng)我看見他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。(when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨暋hat was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的

7、動(dòng)詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。 (兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)4. 通常不能用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, see

8、m, suppose,understand, want, wish等。例如：誤：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。誤：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。第三部分：與一般過去式的區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)敘述舊事，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述背景。、一般過去時(shí)）敘述過去狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作或事件He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時(shí)間）表示過去的習(xí)慣would ,used to與過去時(shí)would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時(shí)間used

9、 to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.He smoked a lot two years ago. （過去行為） would 用于文中不用于句首，只表過去習(xí)慣。used to 表今昔對(duì)比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動(dòng)作可與would 換用。When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過去）She isnt what she used to be. (今昔對(duì)比)表示狀態(tài)時(shí)一般只用used toTom used to be fat /The

10、re used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))was (were) used to +ving表示“合適于，適應(yīng)于.”He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常)He was used to working at night. (習(xí)慣表適應(yīng))）表示過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動(dòng)作，依此事件用一般過去時(shí)。He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)）表示客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和want , wonder , hope 等How did you like the film? / Could you

11、help me?B. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1）表示在過去某階段或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生)2）與always ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。He was always changing his mind.C. 進(jìn)行時(shí)表某一行為的“片斷”一般時(shí)表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個(gè)“讀”)D、表示在過去的某段時(shí)間里一直反復(fù)持

12、續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。It was raining all night.He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.E、while 時(shí)間狀語從句中用短暫動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.F、while 所在主從句動(dòng)作大致持續(xù)相等時(shí)主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時(shí)，但若是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞可都用一般過去時(shí)，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作一長(zhǎng)一短時(shí)短的用一般時(shí)，長(zhǎng)的用進(jìn)行時(shí)。I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)I cooked

13、the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.補(bǔ)充：英語中有四類動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等3)表感覺的動(dòng)詞

14、，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.4)表人的期待，允諾，拒絕，結(jié)束的詞，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等【典型例題】1 Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，“瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2 As she _ the newspaper,

15、 Granny _ asleep.A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when,描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。句中的 fell (fall的過去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。時(shí)間從句的動(dòng)作長(zhǎng)，而“入睡”動(dòng)作短，故前者用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而較短動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，選B3 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. sl

16、ipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked答案A此題先要理解好when ，表“此時(shí)”，說明主句中slipped是較短行為，而look是較長(zhǎng)行為的片斷，即湯姆溜進(jìn)房子，此時(shí)沒人瞧見，故選A為正確?！绢}型介紹】單項(xiàng)選擇、句子翻譯；一般與時(shí)間狀語從句同時(shí)出現(xiàn)【課堂訓(xùn)練】1It _（rain）very hard when we _（get）there yesterday.2I _（watch） TV at 7:00 P.M. yesterday.3What _（you do

17、） at that time?4She _（have） a bath when the phone _（ring）.5The students _（make） noises while the teacher _（be） away.6I _（read） in my room when she _（come）.7It _（grow） dark, so we _（turn） back for home.8As the winds _（blow） stronger and stronger, we _（not go） swimming yesterday afternoon.9The baby _（

18、cry ） all morning today.10We _（have） a good time when suddenly the lights _（go） out.【鞏固訓(xùn)練】1. I fell and hurt myself while I _ tennis.A.was playing B.am playing C.play D.played答案：A。2. One of the guards _ when the general came in, which made him very angry.A.has slept B.were sleeping C.slept D.was sle

19、eping3.Tom was so careless that he _ his right arm when he was riding to school.A. hurts B. hurt C. has hurt D. had hurt4. Hurry up! The train _.A. started B. has started C. is starting D. had started答案是C。該句是說：快點(diǎn)！火車快開了！該句所用動(dòng)詞start是移位動(dòng)詞，一般用它的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。5. Move the piano to the sitting room, or it _ a lo

20、t of room in his study.A. will take up B. took up C. takes up D. taking up分析：答案是A。該句是說：把鋼琴移到客廳去，否則它將占據(jù)書房很多的空間。在“祈使句 + or/and + 陳述句”這樣的句型中，一般用將來時(shí)。6. Hello! I _ you _ in Washington. How long have you been there?A. dont know, were B. hadnt known, are C. havent known, are D. didnt know, were答案是D。該句是說：我（

21、原本）不知道你在華盛頓。你在那里呆多久了？這個(gè)“不知道”是以前不知道，所用動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是過去式。7. I wonder why she _ writing yet.A. dont start B. doesnt start C. had not started D. hasnt started分析：答案是D。該句是說：我想知道為什么他還沒開始寫。Yet是完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志，另外主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所用從句應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！菊n堂回顧】第一部分：定義及結(jié)構(gòu)第二部分：用法第三部分：與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別【課后作業(yè)】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. What _ from three to four yesterday aftern

22、oon?A. have you done B. had you doneC. did you do D. were you doing2. I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.Oh, Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.A. have B. had C. was having D. have had3. My mother _ while my father _TV.A. cooked; was watching B. was cooking; was watchingC. w

23、as cooked; watched D. cooked; watched4. When I got home, my son _ the music.A. am listening to B. listened to C. was listening to D. was listening5. We heard a cry when we _ TV last night.A. were watching B. would watch C. watch D. watched6. She asked him whether he _ back for lunch.A. come B. was c

24、oming C. came D. had come7. Could you tell me when _?A. she is coming B. she was coming C. will be come D. is he coming8. The teacher _ when I came into the classroom.A. is drawing B. draws C. has drawn D. was drawing9. The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A. makes B. was making C.

25、made D. was made10. Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A. will do B. was doing C. has done D. had done11. Was it raining hard when you _ this morning?A. left B. leaves C. was leaving D. would leave DCBCA BADDBA2、 句子翻譯1 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你們英語老師在做什么？她在和一些家長(zhǎng)談話嗎？ _2 當(dāng)我離開的時(shí)候他正在畫一幅世界地圖。 _3 當(dāng)你看見他們的時(shí)候他們?cè)诟墒裁矗克麄冊(cè)诖驋呓淌摇?_4 那時(shí)二班的學(xué)生沒在操場(chǎng)上踢足球，他們?cè)诖蚧@球。 _5 一天，母親下班回家的時(shí)候，約翰在寫給一個(gè)朋友寫信。 _6 上周五一下午，學(xué)生們?cè)诟墒裁?？他們一直在?/p>