2020年英語四級閱讀題文章精讀(7)

1、2020 年英語四級閱讀題文章精讀 (7)Passage SevenForecasting of StatisticsNearly two thousand years have passed since a census decreed by Caesar Augustus become part of the greatest story ever told. Many things have changed in the intervening years. The hotel industry worries more about overbuilding than overcrowd

2、ing, and if they had to meet an unexpected influx, few inns would have a manager to accommodate the weary guests. Now it is the census taker that does the traveling in the fond hope that a highly mobile population will stay long enough to get a good sampling. Methods of gathering, recording, and eva

3、luating information have presumably been improved a great deal. And where then it was the modest purpose of Rome to obtain a simple head count as an adequate basis for levying taxes, now batteries of complicated statistical series furnished by governmental agencies and private organizations are eage

4、rly scanned and interpreted by sages and seers to get a clue to future events. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable differences of opinion. They were air

5、ed at the celebration of the 125th anniversary of the American Statistical Association. There was the thought that business forecasting might well be on its way from an art to a science, and some speakers talked about newfangled computers and high-falutin mathematical system in terms of excitement a

6、nd endearment which we, at least in our younger years when these things mattered, wouldhave associated more readily with the description of a fair maiden. But others pointed to the deplorable record of highly esteemed forecasts and forecasters with a batting average below that of the Mets, and the P

7、resident-elect of the Association cautioned that “high powered statistical methods are usually in order where the facts are crude and inadequate, the exact contrary of what crude and inadequate statisticians assume.” We left his birthday party somewhere between hope and despair and with the convicti

8、on, not really newly acquired, that proper statistical methods applied to ascertainable facts have their merits in economic forecasting as long as neither forecaster nor public is deluded into mistaking the delineation of probabilities and trends for a prediction of certainties of mathematical exact

9、itude.1. Taxation in Roman days apparently was based onA . wealth. B. mobility. C. population. D. census takers.2. The American Statistical AssociationA . is converting statistical study from an art to a science.B . has an excellent record in business forecasting.C . is neither hopeful nor pessimist

10、ic.D . speaks with mathematical exactitude.3. The message the author wishes the reader to get isA. statisticians have not advanced since the days of the Roman.B . statistics is not as yet a science.C . statisticians love their machine.D .computer is hopeful.4. The “greatest story ever told” referred to in thepassage is the story ofA. Christmas. B. The Mets.C. Moses. D. Roman Census Takers.Vocabulary1. census 人口調(diào)查2. decreed 分布法令3. influx 匯集，流入（人口或物）4. census taker 人口調(diào)查員5. in the interveni