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1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載英語五大基本句型學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):了解英語基本句型。學(xué)習(xí)方法:學(xué)一學(xué),練一練,問一問 英語的基本句型主要有五種,它們是:1、主語一一系詞(謂語動(dòng)詞一一表語2、主語一一謂語動(dòng)詞(不及物動(dòng)詞)3、 主語一一謂語動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)一一賓語4、主語一一謂語動(dòng)詞一一間接賓語一一直接賓語5、主語一一謂語動(dòng)詞一一賓語一一賓語補(bǔ)足語掌握好這些基本句型,就可以為靈活運(yùn)用語言打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。下面分別講解這 五種句型。一、主語+系詞+表語Stepl知識(shí)梳理在這一句型中,謂語動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞(方塊中的內(nèi)容)英語中常見的系動(dòng)詞有:( be( am, is, are, was, were)look, seem, ap
2、pearJ feel,sound, smell, tastego, get, tur n, become, grow, r un, promise, fall, come, keep, rema in, hold, con ti nu e, lie, sit, sta nd, rest prove( to be)= tur n out ( to be)如下例:1. Mr.Brow n |is an engin eer.2. A timely sno w promises |a good harvest.3. Gradually he became sile nt.4. The theory s
3、oundsreas on able.5. The questior空mained unsolved.6. The mach ine_ii out of order.7. The new teacheris in charge of our class.8. The television was on.9. The Whites have beenaway on holiday.10. .His pla n is to keep the affair secret.11. His hope | is to be a great lawyer.12. My job 同 repairi ng car
4、s.13. .The questions what you want to do.注意:在下面的句子中,形容詞做表語,在表語的后面常常接不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。Im happy to meet you.They are willi ng to help.We| are determined to follow his example.練一練:仿寫句子1. 我姐姐是個(gè)護(hù)士 .2. 我感覺有點(diǎn)餓3. 這湯很好喝4. 史密斯先生看起來很健康5. 明天將是個(gè)晴天二、主語+謂語動(dòng)詞(常常是不及物動(dòng)詞做謂語)Stepl知識(shí)梳理后面可以不加成分,也可以加副詞短語,介詞短語,-i ng短語,名詞做狀語在這一句型中,動(dòng)詞為
5、不及物動(dòng)詞和不及物的動(dòng)詞詞組1. The sun is risi ng,2. Ill tryj3. Did you| sleep well? (well 做狀語,修飾不及物動(dòng)詞 sleep)4. The engin e broke down|.5. The rain has stopped.6. The book sells well.7. The wi ndow wont bhut.8. The pen writes smoothly.9. Cheese cuts easily.練一練:仿寫句子1. 雨停了2. 機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常3. 這個(gè)老人在街上散步4. 太陽升起來了 三、 主語+謂語動(dòng)詞(及
6、物動(dòng)詞)+賓語(名詞、代詞、onesel、同源賓語、to do wh-詞+ to do wh-從句、that從句、動(dòng)名詞作賓語)在此句型中,動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞1. Do you know these people(them?2.1 cant express myself in English.3. He smileg a strange smile.4. We cant | afford to pay such a price.5. Would you mi nd wait ing a few minu tes?6.1 hope that I have said no thi ng to hurt
7、 you.7. I don know how to use the computer.注意:并不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞都可以接上述各種情況做賓語,不同的動(dòng)詞有不同的用法,所以,在學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí),一定要掌握其用法。四、主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語Stepl知識(shí)梳理在此句型中,動(dòng)詞可以稱作雙賓語動(dòng)詞,后面的賓語為間接賓語 和直接賓語,其中間接賓語在前,一般表人,直接賓語在后,一般表物。這類句 型有三種情況。第一種情況,間接賓語可以改為to引導(dǎo)的短語。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有bring, do,He handed a letter to me.she gaVe her teleph one nu mber t
8、cme. He lie nt_his computer to me. -He told a funny story to me .Please pdgive, han d, le nd, owe, offer, post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write 等1. He handed me a letter2.She gave me her teleph one nu mber.3. Hel lent me his computer4. He Itoiq me, a fuuny syory.ss s
9、ome water to me.5. Pleasd pads me some water.Step2仿寫句子1. 老師教給我們很多知識(shí)2. 我給他發(fā)了一份電報(bào) 3. 這個(gè)公司給我們提供食物 第二種情況,間接賓語可以改為for引導(dǎo)的短語。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有:buy, build, paint, call, choose, cook, cut, do, fetch, get, keep, draw, make, order, prepare, save, sing 等1. .She sang us a folk song.She sang a folk for us.2. Shd cooked u
10、s a delicious meal.She cooked a delicious meal for us.3. He drew , me a picture.He dreW a picture for me.4. He| is preparing us breakfast.He is preparing breakfast for us.仿寫句子:1. 請(qǐng)為我選一條領(lǐng)帶2. 他給我買了一本小說 3. 他給我畫了一幅畫第三種情況,主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+to +間接賓語+直接賓語=主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+直 接賓語 + to +間接賓語常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有 ann ou nee, explai n, i ntr
11、oduce,men ti on, express, say, report, prese nt, sugge 等1. He explains to me the matter.He explaids the matter to me.2. I introduce to you the book.I introduce the book to you.3. He expressed to me his thanks.He expressed his tha nks to me.五、主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語在此句型中的動(dòng)詞,叫做可以跟復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞,在英語中,這樣的動(dòng)詞也不多 后面的賓語補(bǔ)
12、足語是說明賓語的情況的,賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語一起被稱做復(fù)合賓 語。這個(gè)句式是英語中比較復(fù)雜的一個(gè)句式,因?yàn)閺?fù)合賓語的構(gòu)成內(nèi)容較多。F面句子中劃線部分為賓語補(bǔ)足語1. h4 found his new job boring.(形容詞做賓補(bǔ))2. They called their daughter Mary.(名詞做賓補(bǔ))3. This placed her in a very difficult position.(介詞短語做賓補(bǔ))4. We Went to her house but found her out.副詞做賓補(bǔ))5. What do you advise me to de?(不定式做
13、賓補(bǔ))6. We| thought him to be an hon est man .(tobd故賓補(bǔ))7. Hg believed them to have discussed the problem不 定式的完成式做賓補(bǔ)8. He believed her to be telling the truth.不定式的進(jìn)行式做賓補(bǔ))9. Did you hotice him come in ?(不帶 to 的不定式做賓補(bǔ))11.He10.1 sawher_chatting with Nancy.(現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)) Watched the piano carried upstairs過去分詞做賓
14、補(bǔ))注意:在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,可以出現(xiàn)用it做形式上的賓語,把真正的賓語放在賓語補(bǔ) 足語的后面。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語常常是動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語從句1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her.分析:it是形式賓語,his duty是賓語補(bǔ)足語,to mention this to her是真正的賓語。2.1 think it best that you should stay with us.分析:it是形式賓語,best是賓語補(bǔ)足語,that you should stay with us是真正的 賓語。仿寫句子:1. 請(qǐng)讓門開著2. 我看見湯姆過了馬路3. 我
15、發(fā)現(xiàn)教室的燈開著 鞏固性練習(xí):請(qǐng)判斷下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)類型1. He is running.2. The loud voice from the upstairs made him an gry.3 .The little boy is ask ing the teacher all kinds of questi ons.4.She seemed an gry.5. My father bought me a beautiful prese nt.6. Why do you keep your eyes closed7. Will you tell us an exciting story ?8
16、. We must keep our classroom tidy and clea n.9.1 heard the baby crying in the sitt ing room.10. Ca n you push the win dow open11. I found her a famous poet.12. Sit down and make yourself comfortable.13. She refused to take my advice about it.15. He mentioned the fact to me.16. Ill introduce to you t
17、he book.17. The problem is that he caattend the meeting.18. We stopped to talk to a frie nd of mine.19. The wedd ing lasted four hours.20. The theory proved to be true.21. He dreamed a sweet dream.22. I con sidered him to be resp on sible for the accide nt.23. I found the old man in good health.24.
18、Two years has gone by.25. Hawking explained what it means to be a scientist.26. People found it difficult to understand him.27. The only trouble is that it gives me an America n acce nt.28. Knowing who we are means knowing how we think and what we like to do.29. Food prices are going up.30. I prefer liv ing in a moder n flat.31. Every great culture in the past had its own idea of beauty expressed in art and architecture.32. The walls seem to be coverd with the skin of a fish.33. Poems by D
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