主謂一致講解與訓(xùn)練

1、主謂一致講解與訓(xùn)練要說清楚這個問題，我們首先要明白什么可以做主語。在英語里，名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、 動名詞、主語從句都可以充當(dāng)主語，下面我來給大家一一說明。當(dāng)主語為名詞時，一般這樣看：1單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞當(dāng)單數(shù)看待。The water in this lake is clean. 2集體名詞看成整體時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；把集體名詞看成其成員或組成部 分時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。常見的有下面幾個單詞：class, family, police （=policemen）My family is a big one.我的家庭是個大家庭。My family are all watching TV .我

2、的全家人都在看電視。3下列名詞看似復(fù)數(shù)形式，但實際是單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，請同學(xué)們牢記：news消息，politics政治，physics物理，maths數(shù)學(xué)。Physics is very hard to learn well for me.物理對我來說非常難學(xué)好。4像褲子、剪刀、眼鏡這樣的詞總 是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。（但是如果它們被a/this/that pair of修飾看成單數(shù)）A pair of glasses costs quite a lot now.現(xiàn)在的眼鏡很貴。Your glasses are on the desk.你的眼鏡在課桌上。His trous

3、ers are blue.他的褲子是藍(lán)色的。5 用and連接的名詞通常是指不同的人或物，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；但有時用and連接的名詞表示同一個人或物，謂語動詞就應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。Air and water are necessary for us.空氣和水是我們的必須。His brother and sister are both workers.他的哥哥和姐姐都是工人。The composer and singer is very famous.這位作曲家兼歌唱家非常著名。（一個人，and前后只用了一個冠詞）The composer and the singer of the song are her

4、e now.這首歌的曲作者和演唱者現(xiàn)在都在。（兩個人and前后用了兩個冠詞）6. “there be”句型中謂語動詞的數(shù)要由離它最近的名詞決定。（there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有意義，主語是be后的名詞或代詞）There is a pen and two books on the desk.There are two books and a pen on the desk.7. 用eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also等連接的名詞（或代詞）充當(dāng)主語時，謂語動詞的 數(shù)也是由離它最近的名詞（或代詞）決定。Neither Tom nor his classmates are

5、 from England.Neither Toms classmates nor Kate is from England.8復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書名時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The Arabian Nights is one of my favourite books.天方夜譚是我喜歡的書之一。9一段時間、一筆錢、一段距離等看成單數(shù)。Five dollars is what I have now.我只有五美元。Ten miles is a long walk to me.步行十英里對我來說是不短的距離。10如果名詞（或者代詞）后有 with短語或as well as開頭的短語，只看該名詞（或代詞）的數(shù)。

6、Li Ming with his classmates often goes to see a film on Sundays.尖于代詞，比較難于掌握的是不定代詞做主語的情況，下面我把初中容易出錯的做一些歸納：all指人時看 成復(fù)數(shù)，指物時看成單數(shù)。如：All were here yesterday, but Jim is not here now.昨天全部人都到了，但今天吉姆沒有來。All goes well. You needn 1 t worry. 一切都好，你不用擔(dān)心。none代替不可數(shù)名詞做主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；代替可數(shù)名詞做主語時謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)形式，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。No

7、ne of the telephones is （ are） working.電話中沒有一部不是壞的。None of the pupils knew the answer.學(xué)生中誰都不知道答案。數(shù)詞做主語的情況：1. 分?jǐn)?shù)+of+不可數(shù)名詞”看成單數(shù)；”分?jǐn)?shù)+of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”看成復(fù)數(shù)。Nearly three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by water.地球表面的近四分之三被水 覆蓋。Two-thirds of the students in this college are girls.這所學(xué)院的學(xué)生三分之二是女生。2在

8、談到一些數(shù)學(xué)問題時，把數(shù)字看成單數(shù)。One and two is three.動名詞和不定式做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Talking to people from other parts of the world is a good way to learn geography.和世界其他地方的人交談是學(xué)習(xí)地理的好方法。To see is to believe.百聞不如一見。主語從句一律看成單數(shù)例如：When he will go to visit Beijing has not been decided.他什么時候去參觀北京還沒有決定。Whether he w川go there wi

9、th us is not important.他是否和我們一起去那不重要。其它需要注意的：“ the+形容詞”表示一類人或者事物，看成復(fù)數(shù)。The rich dont always feel happier than the poor.有錢人不是總比窮人感覺更快樂。“the +姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“姓的一家人”，看成復(fù)數(shù)。The Chens are very friendly to me.名詞所有格（或者名詞性物主代詞）單獨使用，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義看成復(fù)數(shù)，表示單數(shù)意義看成單數(shù)。His father is a teacher, but Toms is not.My trousers are blac

10、k, while Tom*s are blue.練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:1. An elephant (be) much heavier than a horse, is2. Money(not mean) everything, doesn rt mean3. Light (go) faster than sound, goes4. Class 3 (have) an English class now. are having5. Maths (be) my favourite subject. What about you? is6. This kind of bike (be)

11、made in Shanghai.is7. Water and oil (be) liquid, are8. Nearly all of the students (go) to play games on the playground.go9. Neither they nor Tom (come) from America, comes10. There (be ) some boys playing football on the playground.are11 There (be) some good news for you. is12. The great politician and militarist (軍事家) (be) warmly welcome by the people in hishometown. was13. What I know about him (be) that he is from Jiangxi.is14. Havi ng eno