人教版高中英語選擇性必修一Unit1：1.3學(xué)案 (含解析)

1、Unit 1 People of AchievementSection Using Language.重點單詞1found vt.創(chuàng)建；建立；把建立在founder n創(chuàng)建者，創(chuàng)立者foundation n地基；基礎(chǔ)； 基本原理；根據(jù)2infer vt.推斷；推定3politician n從政者；政治家；政客politics n政治political adj.政治的4numerous adj.眾多的；許多的5theory n理論；學(xué)說6relativity n相對論；相對性7genius n天才；天資8gentle adj.溫柔的；文靜的gently adv.溫柔地；文靜地9patent n專

2、利；專利證書；獲得專利adj.有專利的；受專利保護的10passion n酷愛；激情11doctorate n博士學(xué)位12extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的13gradually adv.逐漸地；逐步地gradual adj.逐漸的；逐步的14photoelectric adj.光電的15institution n社會公共機構(gòu)；制度；習俗 institute n(教育、專業(yè)等)機構(gòu)；機構(gòu)建筑16consequence n結(jié)果；后果consequent adj.作為結(jié)果的consequently adv.所以；因此17moustache n上唇的胡子；髭18pecu

3、liarity n個性；特點；怪異的性質(zhì)19encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到n邂逅；遭遇20professor n教授profession n職業(yè)21mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；憂傷22remarkable adj.非凡的；顯著的remark vt.評論23device n方法；技巧；裝置；儀器24sum vi.總結(jié)；概括n金額；款項；總數(shù)；總和25draft n草稿；草案vt.起草；草擬26Switzerland n瑞士(國家名)Swiss adj.瑞士的Swiss n瑞士人Swiss n(pl.)瑞士人27Jewish adj.猶太人的；猶太教的.重點短語1on the ti

4、p of ones tongue話在嘴邊，差一點兒就說出口2get it懂了，明白了3serve as充當，擔任4make great contributions to對做出巨大貢獻5manage to_do設(shè)法做成6patent office專利局 7come to power(開始)掌權(quán)；上臺8as a consequence因此，作為結(jié)果9take up a position擔任；任職10as though/if好像11knock on敲門12be mistaken for被誤認為 13pass away去世 14sum up總結(jié)；概括15apart from除之外16Nobel Pri

5、ze諾貝爾獎17to ones surprise令人吃驚的18put forward提出19in particular尤其，特別.重點句型1Why does Dr Wang say “money_isnt_everything”？為什么王博士說“金錢不是萬能的”？2He made numerous contributions to the world, the_most_wellknown_being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula Emc2.他對世界做出了很多貢獻，最出名的貢獻是相對論理論和著名的公式Emc2。3

6、While_working_there，out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning_a_doctorate_in physics in 1905.在那里工作時，出于對知識的強烈熱情，他繼續(xù)學(xué)習，1905年獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。 4Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.愛因斯坦是猶太人，他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)術(shù)機構(gòu)的大門對他關(guān)閉了。5On 18 April 1955, it_was_report

7、ed_that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1955年4月18日，據(jù)報道愛因斯坦去世了，全世界都為一位杰出的科學(xué)家的逝世而哀悼。 1 典型例句The town was founded by English settlers in 1790.這座城鎮(zhèn)是英格蘭移民于1790年建的。His theory is founded on facts.他的理論是建立在事實基礎(chǔ)之上的。易混辨析found，find動詞原形過去式過去分詞釋義變化規(guī)律fou

8、ndfoundedfounded建立規(guī)則動詞findfoundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)不規(guī)則動詞思維拓展be founded on/upon sth.(be based on)建立在某基礎(chǔ)之上；建在某物之上founder n. C 創(chuàng)立者；奠基者foundation n. C，U基礎(chǔ)；建立即時訓(xùn)練Their marriage was_founded (found) on love and mutual respect.2 典型例句One theory about the moon is that it is a piece broken off from the earth.有一種關(guān)于月球的學(xué)說認為它是

9、地球分離出的一部分。This theory should be proved before it is used.在運用這個理論前要對它進行證明。思維拓展in theory (反 in practice) 理論上Your plan is good in theory, but does it work in practice?你的計劃在理論上不錯，但實施起來行嗎？即時訓(xùn)練We should combine theory (理論) with practice.3 典型例句I like her gentle voice.我喜歡她溫和的聲音。He eats in a gentle way.他吃飯的樣

10、子很文雅。易混辨析gentle, softgentle側(cè)重指人或其他方面“體貼的；溫和的”，含有安慰、愛撫等意思。soft側(cè)重指人說話聲音低或說話怕被人聽見，意思是“輕聲的”，指物時，表示“柔軟的”。Arthur was a very gentle, caring person.亞瑟是一個非常溫柔體貼的人。The soft music sounds very pleasing to the ear.那輕柔的音樂聽起來十分悅耳。即時訓(xùn)練She smiled gently(gentle) at him.她溫柔地朝他微笑。4 典型例句Gradually，the children began to u

11、nderstand it.孩子們漸漸開始明白這件事了。They gradually improved their work.他們逐漸地改善了工作。思維拓展gradual adj.逐漸的；逐步的Recovery from the disease is very gradual.這種病的康復(fù)過程很緩慢。即時訓(xùn)練Electricity lines to 30,000 homes were gradually(gradual) being restored yesterday.5 典型例句Im quite willing to take the consequences of my actions.我

12、很愿意承擔自己行動的后果。He studied hard，and in consequence he passed the exam.他努力學(xué)習，因此通過了考試。思維拓展因此，結(jié)果(as a result)as a/in consequence ofas a result of由于take the consequences of.承擔的后果be of no/great consequence 無關(guān)緊要/非常重要consequent adj.作為結(jié)果的；隨之發(fā)生的consequently adv.結(jié)果；因此即時訓(xùn)練He slipped and had his leg broken.As a co

13、nsequence，he will have to be away from school for two or three months.6 典型例句That is indeed a remarkable thing.那真是了不起的事情。思維拓展a remarkable achievement/career/talent非凡的成就/事業(yè)/才能remark n談?wù)摚谎哉?；評述vt.& vi.談?wù)?；評論；說起make a remark/ remarks on/ about就發(fā)表意見；對評頭品足make no remark什么也不說；不加評論remark that.評論remark on/upon

14、談?wù)?評論remarkably adv.非常；極為；格外；出乎意料地He made a number of rude remarks about the food here.關(guān)于這里的食物他做了許多無禮的評論。A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.一家地方報紙評論說由于強有力的法律措施，車禍在減少。即時訓(xùn)練Since then, we have made remarkable(remark) progress.She is a remarkably (

15、remarkable) determined politician.We passed a few remarks(remark) about the weather.考點集訓(xùn)一1The business, founded(found) by Mike, suffered financial setbacks.2After a while, the sickness gradually(gradual) passed and she struggled to the mirror. 3.He is ready to take the consequences(consequence) of h

16、is behaviour.4China has made remarkable(remark)progress in the past 30 years.5He patted me gently(gentle) on the shoulder.1 典型例句The general had served as a soldier in the earlier war.在早期的戰(zhàn)爭中，這位將軍曾當過士兵。The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two.沙發(fā)可以當床湊合一兩夜。即時訓(xùn)練Let these words of mine serve as a

17、warning to you.2 典型例句Do you believe you can manage to finish the work in an hour?你認為你能在一小時內(nèi)完成這項工作嗎？Though we left home very late, we managed to catch the last bus.盡管我們出門很晚，但我們趕上了末班車。思維拓展manage it 表示“完成；能對付得了；能應(yīng)付”，常用在交際用語中。Can I help you, Madame?女士，需要幫忙嗎？Oh, thanks, but I can manage it myself.噢，謝謝。我自

18、己能行。易混辨析manage to do sth., try to do sth.(1)manage to do sth.表示“成功地做了某事”，重在結(jié)果，相當于 succeed in doing sth.。We managed to get there on time.我們設(shè)法按時到達了那里。(結(jié)果是按時到達了)(2)try to do sth.表示“盡力做某事，設(shè)法做某事”，重在動作，但并不一定成功，相當于 attempt to do sth.。We tried to get there on time.我們盡力按時趕到那里。(不知是否成功)即時訓(xùn)練Despite all the trou

19、bles, she managed to_get(get) the chicken into the stove.3 典型例句When he came to power, he broke his promise of reducing tax.他當權(quán)后就不再遵守減少稅收的諾言了。思維拓展be in power 當權(quán)；執(zhí)政易混辨析come to power, be in powercome to power為非延續(xù)性動詞短語，不與時間段連用；be in power為延續(xù)性動詞短語，可與時間段連用。De Gaulle came to power in 1958.戴高樂于1958年開始執(zhí)政。The

20、 young king had been in power for seven years.那位年輕的國王已經(jīng)掌權(quán)七年了。即時訓(xùn)練When the government had come to power, he had been named minister of culture.4 典型例句When did he take up football?他是什么時候開始踢足球的？The work took up all his time.那工作花費了他所有的時間。思維拓展take back收回；取回take down寫下，記下；拆散take in吸收；領(lǐng)會；欺騙take off脫下；起飛take

21、 on雇用；呈現(xiàn)；承擔take over接管，接任即時訓(xùn)練After graduating from a university, Li Yan took up her job as a teacher in the countryside.5 典型例句But tolerance can be mistaken for kindness.但容忍會被錯認為仁慈。思維拓展mistaken adj.(見解或判斷上)錯誤的；不正確的be mistaken about對持錯誤的見解mistake sb./sth.誤解/誤會某人/某事mistake n錯誤make a mistake犯錯誤by mistak

22、e錯誤地If Im not mistaken, thats the man we saw on the bus.要是我沒認錯人的話，我們在公共汽車上看見的就是那個男子。He is mistaken about happiness.他對幸福持有錯誤的見解。This time we find that the bees mistake red for dark gray or black.這次我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜜蜂錯把紅色當成深灰色或黑色。I hope you will forgive me for opening your letter by mistake.我誤拆了您的信，期望您原諒。即時訓(xùn)練My v

23、oice has got so low now that I was mistaken for a man the other day on the phone.6 典型例句To sum up, there are three main ways of dealing with the problem.概括起來說，這一問題主要有三種解決辦法。Can I just sum up what weve agreed so far?我能否就我們目前已經(jīng)達成的共識作個概括？She quickly summed up the situation and took control.她很快就看出是怎么回事，并

24、控制住了局面。思維拓展sum n金額；總和；全部in sum總而言之summary n總結(jié)；概要summarize vt.總結(jié)；概括；概述即時訓(xùn)練Let me sum up the last lesson.After that well take up a new lesson.7 典型例句Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.他們在倫敦有一座房子，此外，在西班牙還有一座別墅。I have finished all apart from the last question.除了最后一道題，我都做完了。

25、易混辨析apart from, besides/in addition to, except, except for, except thatapart from相當于besides 和 in addition to。它還可表示“除了以外”，用于所言不包括的人或事物前，相當于except。besides/in addition to 除了以外(還有)。除去的部分包含在整體之內(nèi)except 除了以外。除去的部分不在整體之內(nèi)except for 除了以外。從細節(jié)方面對整體進行修正，除去的部分與整體一般不是同一類事物except that 除了以外(都)。that 引導(dǎo)從句，有時可省略即時訓(xùn)練Apa

26、rt from that, I also have a passion for theatre and the arts.8 典型例句To my surprise, he came on time.使我驚訝的是，他按時來了。Much to my surprise, they offered me the job.使我非常驚奇的是，他們把那份工作給了我。思維拓展much to ones surprise令某人十分驚訝to ones delight/joy使某人高興的是to ones disappointment 使某人失望的是to ones astonishment 使某人驚訝的是即時訓(xùn)練To

27、my surprise, this plan succeeded! 9 典型例句Who put forward a theory about black holes?誰提出了黑洞理論？思維拓展put up with忍受，容忍put aside 擱置；不理睬；儲蓄put away 把收起來；儲蓄put off 推遲，延期put through 使經(jīng)受；接通(電話)put out 熄滅；出版；生產(chǎn)put back 將放回原處；推遲put together 放在一起put up 舉起；張貼；建造；為 提供住宿；推薦；提出即時訓(xùn)練It was I who put forward the theory

28、first.10 典型例句I noticed his eyes in particular，because they were very big.我特別注意到他的眼睛，因為那雙眼睛很大。It was a good concert.I enjoyed the last song in particular.這是一場不錯的音樂會。我尤其喜歡最后那首歌。思維拓展particular adj.特別的，特殊的；講究的，挑剔的be particular about/over對挑剔/講究She is very particular about her clothes.她對衣著特別挑剔。即時訓(xùn)練The who

29、le meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent.考點集訓(xùn)二1In recent years, Chinese leaders have put forward the theory of peaceful development.2The name of the book was right on the tip of my tongue, but I just couldnt remember it.3When Xiao Wu was praised, he was embarrassed, much to our surp

30、rise.4Dont forget to turn off the TV.OK. I got it!5You are completely mistaken about Jane.6Will you please sum up the main ideas of this article? 7I am often mistaken for my sister.8In addition, apart from sending language teachers, the Confucius Institute should also look for creative intellectuals

31、 in other fields with a sense of mission about Chinese culture.9They had come to power ten years earlier.句式分析not everything是一個部分否定句。表示“全體”意義的代詞、形容詞或副詞，如all, both, every, everything, everyone, everywhere, always等與否定詞not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。All answers are not correct.(Not all the answers are correct.)不是所有的答案都正確。

32、Both of them dont smoke.(Not both of them smoke.)不是他們倆都抽煙。Every man is not honest.(Not every man is honest.)并不是每個人都誠實。思維拓展表示完全否定意義的詞與肯定形式的謂語動詞連用時，表示完全否定。該類詞有none, neither, nothing, nobody, no等。Neither of them likes sports.他們倆都不喜歡運動。None of these things are mine.這些東西都不是我的。Nothing is ready.一切都沒準備好。即時訓(xùn)

33、練All that glitters(閃光) is not gold.發(fā)光的未必都是金子。Not all graduates can find a proper job after graduation.并非所有的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生都能在畢業(yè)后找到一份合適的工作。并非每個人都喜歡騎自行車上班。Not_everyone_is_fond_of_cycling_to_work./Everyone_isnt_fond_of_cycling_to_work.Not everything goes well.(改為全部否定)Nothing_goes_well. He made numerous contribut

34、ions to the world， the most wellknown being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula Emc2.他對世界做出了很多貢獻，最出名的貢獻是相對論理論和著名的公式Emc2。句式分析the most wellknown being屬于“名詞現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當于一個狀語從句，常用來表示時間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨等。思維拓展獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)形式歸納：名詞/代詞 現(xiàn)在分詞(表示主動或正在進行)名詞/代詞 過去分詞(表示被動或已完成)名詞/代詞 不定式(表示將要發(fā)生的動作

35、)名詞/代詞 形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(常用來說明名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)、特征或所處的狀態(tài))Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.冬天來了，天氣越來越冷了。More time given, we should have done it much better.若給更多時間，我們會做得更好。The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand.那位獵人手拿著槍進了樹林。(不可以說 a gun in hand 或 gun in his hand)即時訓(xùn)練It is so wet there that the trees are

36、 extremely tall, some measuring(measure) over 90 metres. While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge， he continued to study， earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.在那里工作時，出于對知識的強烈熱情，他繼續(xù)學(xué)習，1905年獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。句式分析句中時間狀語從句While working there用了省略形式，補充完整為While he was working there。狀語從句的省略有兩種情況：

37、He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework.他在做功課時睡著了。Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.年輕時你要努力工作，否則你會后悔的。Fill in a proper preposition where (it is) necessary.在需要的地方填入一個適當?shù)慕樵~。He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important.他打開抽屜，仿佛要找什么重要的東西。巧學(xué)妙記狀語從句省略口訣：時、條、讓、方

38、、地，主語同，謂語be，二者省去不可惜；從句主語是it，省去its也可以。即時訓(xùn)練If asked (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.There are some health problems that, when not treated(treat) in time can become bigger ones later on.While walking(walk)the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by

39、 a car. Einstein， who was Jewish， found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.愛因斯坦是猶太人，他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)術(shù)機構(gòu)的大門對他關(guān)閉了。句式分析本句是復(fù)合句。who was Jewish是非限制性定語從句。 主句中found接復(fù)合賓語，賓語是doors，賓語補足語是closed。賓語補足語和賓語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故此處使用過去分詞。思維拓展“find賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)的具體形式：We found our mother waiting for us to have dinner.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽正在等我們吃晚飯。

40、即時訓(xùn)練I found myself surrounded(surround) by a group of children.She woke up and found herself lying(lie) in hospital. On 18 April 1955， it was reported that Einstein had passed away， and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1955年4月18日，據(jù)報道愛因斯坦去世了，全世界都為一位杰出的科學(xué)家的逝世而哀悼。句式分析“It

41、is/was said/reported/believed/known/thought.thatclause”句型意為“據(jù)說/據(jù)報道/大家認為/眾所周知/人們認為”，此句型中it是形式主語，后面的that從句是真正的主語。以上這種句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換成下面的兩種句型：據(jù)說她能妙手回春。It is said that she is as effective as God，bringing the dying back to life.People say that she is as effective as God，bringing the dying back to life.She is said

42、 to be as effective as God，bringing the dying back to life.即時訓(xùn)練Tom is said to_have_bought(buy) a new flat in the town already.It is said that he has won the match.考點集訓(xùn)三1A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking(smoke) in the kitchen.2It is reported that another manmade satellite has been sent up in China.3When buying(buy) fish,