必修五第四單元知識點

1、必修五Unit41.occupation n. 職業(yè)，工作 Please state your name, age and .用法：occupy v.Reading occupies (=takes up) most of my free time. 閱讀占去了我空閑時間的大部分。 The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人在用。Occupy oneself( in doing sth/with sth)=be occupied (in doing sth/with sth.)=keep oneself busy (doing sth/with sth)忙著(做某事);忙(于

2、某事物)Hes occupied in looking after/ with three small children.by occupation=by profession就職業(yè)來說He is a bus driver by occupation.他的職業(yè)是公車司機He is a lawyer by profession.（profession職業(yè)-professional職業(yè)的-professor專家）2.suppose表示“猜想；認為”之意，相當于think或guess，常見用法有： l 后接賓語從句。如： John supposed that he could find some c

3、oins soonI dont suppose she will agree with us，will she？ l 后接名詞或代詞不定式（不定式為to be時?？墒÷裕?。如： We all suppose him（to be）an expert in this fieldl 與believe，think，guess，expect等一樣，后接so或not，后面省略了賓語部分。如： Will he come with us？他會跟我們來嗎？ Yes，I suppose so我想會的。 Will it rain tomorrow？明天會下雨嗎？ No，I suppose not I dont su

4、ppose so我想不會。 l 與believe，think，guess，expect一樣，可構成復雜特殊疑問句（特殊疑問詞do you suppose 賓語從句的其它部分）。如： When do you suppose they will take the exam？你認為他們什么時候考試？ Who do you suppose turned up last night？你認為昨晚誰來過？ l suppose或supposing放在句首，表條件，引導狀語從句，相當于if或in case等。如： Suppose Supposing the car breaks down，what shall

5、we do？萬一車子拋錨，我們怎么辦？ Suppose Supposing they didnt believe it，how should we try to persuade them？l suppose 賓語從句可用來表建議，意為“怎么樣？”或“何不？”。如： Suppose we go for a picnic tomorrow我們明天去野餐怎么樣？ Suppose we put off the meeting我們把會議推遲吧。l be supposed to. 意為“應該 ”；“被期望”，它可以用來表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等，相當于情態(tài)動詞should。 Everyone is s

6、upposed to wear a seat-belt in the car. 每個人在汽車里都應該系安全帶。 Teachers are supposed to treat all the students alike. 老師應該對所有的學生一視同仁。 l be supposed to后面接“have + 過去分詞”時， 或was/were +supposed to do表示“本應該做某事而沒做”。如： You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now. 現(xiàn)在你應該已經把作業(yè)交上來了。 He is supposed to have

7、arrived an hour ago. 他應該一小時前就到了。 We were supposed to be here at 8.00, but we are late.3. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular local newspaper.這里是倒裝, 此句的正常句序是: Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment at the office of .注意: 當一些否定詞,如: never, little, hardly

8、, scarcely, seldom, not, not only, no sooner（than 剛就） 放在句首時,句子部分倒裝：Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else can you find（你能找到）such a beautiful place. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life had I felt（我感到）so happy. Only+狀語放在句首，部分倒裝Only in a big city was it possible to

9、buy a new wheelchair.Only by seizing every minute can we finish it on time.Only then did we realize that the man was blind.Only when his dream comes true does she feel relieved.Only修飾其他成分，如主語不引起倒裝Only Mike has got the invitation. 4. His discussion 討論with his new boss, Hu Xin, was to strongly influen

10、ce his life as a journalist.新聞工作者 be to +動詞原形,這里表示將來的時態(tài),有注定的意味。His continuous effort is to make him a successful man.（注定）You are to be back before 10pm.(必須） The letter is to be handed to him in person. (必須）When are you to leave for home?（按計劃或安排要做） She is to be married next month.（按計劃或安排要做）You are to

11、 report to the police.(應該） You are not to smoke in this room.=You are not supposed to smoke in this room. （應該）If we are to be there before ten, well have to go now.（想，打算）Such books are to be found in the library. （可能性）If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.(用于“ifwere to do”

12、，表示虛擬語氣)was/ were to have done, 表示 “本打算”、“本計劃”或“本應當” 做的事而沒有做成或沒有發(fā)生。We were to have told you, but you were not in. 5. But London has been influenced only by some invaders of England.但是倫敦僅受一些入侵者的影響。influence vt. & n. 影響，感化,影響力have a bad, good, beneficial, harmful, influence with / on 對.有影響 under the i

13、nfluence of在影響下The book had a great influence on his life. Under the influence of my friend, I bought a red coat.6. delight n.&v. 愉快，樂趣，快樂to ones delight 令感到愉快的是take delight in sth /doing sth 樂于, 愛好delight sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高興delight in 喜歡, 嗜好delighted adj.be delighted to doThe kids rushed down to

14、 the beach with/ in delight. 高興地To my secret delight, Sarah announced that she was leaving. 令某人暗自高興Tom takes great delight in making fun of his sister.喜歡 以為樂趣The teacher delighted us with his humor.There are so many delights in travels.介詞填空：1) I took delight _ books. 2) _ his delight, he passed the

15、driving test. 3) She delights _being surrounded by admirers.In/To/in7. Wait till you are more experienced. 等你積累一些經驗了才行.1) v. 經歷,體驗Our country has experienced great changes.2) n. experience可數(shù) 經歷,經歷的事情 不可數(shù) 經驗,體驗That was an unpleasant experience.He hadnt enough experience for the job.3）experienced adj.

16、 有經驗的,熟練的,有 見識經驗豐富的常與介詞 in 或 at 連用 +doingAn experienced doctorHe is experienced in/at bargaining.8. eager - eagerly adv. 渴望地， 熱切地be eager for /about sth. 渴望，很想be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事Students are eager for new knowledge. 學生們渴望知識 I am eager about progress. 我渴望進步 She is eager to visit her boss. 她急于去看

17、她的老板eagerness n. 熱切,渴望9. assist vt./vi.援助，幫助；assistance n. 幫助援助 assistant n.助理助手assist (sb) to do sth =assist (sb) in doing assist sb with sth. = help sb with sth幫某人做某事e.g This program assists young people to find work.You will be required to assist him in preparing a report.These measures were desi

18、gned to assist people with disabilities.10.concentrate v. 集中，聚集concentration n. 集中，集合concentrate on/upon sth專心致志做某事She couldnt concentrate on a book very long.她不能長時間專心讀一本書。同義短語：fix / focus / center ones attention on=put ones heart into=be absorbed in=be buried in=be devoted to 11. Not onlybut also 引

19、導的并列句, 如not only位于句首, not only 所在句倒裝。Not only will I go, but also I will take my parents there. 不僅我自己會去，我還會帶我的父母去12.acquire(通過不斷的學習，詢問慢慢獲得學問，技術。）l 取得,獲得Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work. l 學到,掌握She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of

20、a teacher.辨析：get 為獲得的最普通用語obtain 表示經過很長時間或經過很大的努力而獲得期望已久得東西。gain 表付出更大的努力才能獲得，譯為贏得。13. have a nose for 對很敏感;很善于發(fā)現(xiàn)此類形象表達法還有：She has an ear for music. 對有欣賞能力She has an eye for color and style in clothes. 對有眼光Dont poke your nose into other peoples business. 管閑事，插手與己無關的事George turned his nose up at clas

21、sical music. 對不屑一顧，看不起Tell us what happened. We are all ears. 正在聽著，洗耳恭聽He turned a deaf ear to what I said. 對聽不進去Dont tell him anything. He has a big mouth. 嘴不嚴14.inform vt. 告知，通知inform sb (of /about sth) =tell sbinform sb thateg:1)Did you inform them of the progress of the work?你把工作進程告訴他們了嗎？2)Well

22、keep you informed (of /about what happens). 我們將隨時向你報告情況。15.meanwhile adv = meantime = in the meantime /meanwhile= at the same time同時My mother went shopping. Meanwhile, I cleaned the house. 媽媽去購物，與此同時，我打掃房間。16.depend on/upon +wh-從句 視.而定, 取決于depend on/ upon+ n 依靠,依賴, 確(堅)信depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人

23、做depend on/upon +it +that. 指望.That (all) depends./ it all depends. (口語)視情況而定，單獨使用或置于句首。漢譯英：1、You cant depend on your parents forever. 你不能永遠依賴你的父母。2、You cant depend on him to come on time. 你不能指望他能按時來。3、You may depend on it that he will come. 你可相信他會來。4、I may help you. But that/ it depends. 我能幫你，但那要看情況

24、而定。5、Whether you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work. 你能否通過考試取決于你有多努力。17.case n. 事(實)例,情形；情(狀)況;案件，訴訟 eg:This is a common case where the word can be used.這是這個單詞運用的常用例子。in case 假使；免得，以防,以防萬一(引導狀語從句，從句謂語用一般現(xiàn)在時，不用將來時態(tài))in case of . 假使,如果發(fā)生in any case 無論如何，不管怎樣in no case 無論如何不,在任何情況下決不(置于句首時，句

25、子采用倒裝語序)in the case of . 就. .來說，至于in this/that case 既然這/那樣，假使這/那樣eg:1)I will stay at home all day long in case he calls me.我將一整天呆在家里，以防他給我打電話。2)In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，就按警鈴。3)In no case will I give in to difficulty.我絕不會向困難低頭4)You have finished, havent you? In that case, you may go.

26、18.accuse vt. 指責，譴責；控告accuse sb. of sth.指控某人做某事= charge sb. with sth.指責某人做某事 eg:1)The police accused him of theft.警察控告他偷竊。 2)He was accused of murder. 他被控謀殺。歸納總結：remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事/使某人想起某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事suspect sb.of sth. 懷疑某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事cure sb. of sth. 治好某人rob sb. of

27、sth.搶了某人19.get the wrong end of the stick 完全誤解，弄錯He got (held of) the wrong end of the stick他完全搞錯了。20.so as to do sth. “為了” 不能用在句首= in order to do sth. 可放句子中任何位置=so that +從句 = in order that +從句 句型轉換: I got up at five so as to catch the train= I got up at five in order to catch the train.=I got up at

28、 five so that I could catch the train.我買了些牛肉和蔬菜，為的是給晚飯做個湯：I bought some beef and vegetables so as to make a soup for dinner.I bought some beef and vegetables in order to make a soup for dinnerI bought some beef and vegetables so that I could make a soup for dinnerI bought some beef and vegetables in

29、 order that I could make a soup for dinner 21.deny vt.l 否定,否認+v-ing+(that) There is no denying that.事實不可否認.I do not deny that is a serious blow.我不否認那是嚴重的一擊。l deny doing=deny having doneHe denied having seen these watches before.他否認曾經見過這些手表。He didnt deny the facts.他不否認事實。l 拒絕給予;拒絕.的要求Women were denie

30、d the right to vote then.那時婦女被拒給選舉權。22.demand 用作名詞，有以下兩個用法： 表示“要求”：They rejected the union demand. 他們拒絕了工會的要求。表示“需求”：meet/satisfy the demand 滿足需求There is a great demand for typists. 需要大量的打字員。These goods are in good demand. 這些貨物銷量很大。用作動詞，意為“要求”、“需求”，通常為及物動詞，其賓語可以是名詞、不定式、that 從句(從句謂語通常為虛擬的)。如：名詞(或代詞)：

31、The workers also demanded higher wages. 工人們還要求提高工資。不定式：She demanded to see the editors. 她要求見編輯。 He demanded to be told everything.他要求把一切都告訴他。從句：I demand that John (should) go there at once. 我要求約翰立即到那里去。比較同義句：He demanaded an immediate answer名詞(或代詞).He demanded to get an immediate answer.不定式 他要求馬上得到答復

32、。He demanded to be told everything不定式.He demanded that he (should) be told everything.從句 他要求把一切都告訴他?！咀ⅰ縟emand可后接不定式，但通常不接不定式的復合結構，若意義上需要這類結構，可換成 that 從句或在 demand 后接 of。如：他要求她同我們一起去。誤：He demanded her to go with us. 正：He demanded that she (should) go with us. 正：He demanded of her to go with us. 表示“向某人

33、要求某物”，可用demand sth of from sb。如：He demanded an apology from the boss. 他要求老板道歉 23.ahead of . (時間，空間)在.前面；早于；領先eg:1)Three boys were ahead of us.有三個小伙子在我們前面。2)I finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.我在最后期限的前幾天完成了工作3)She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.她總是遙遙領先班上的同學。ahead of time24.set to work set to