平行結(jié)構(gòu)和非人稱主語

1、平行結(jié)構(gòu)parallelism 漢語中的排比多用于說理或抒情，有“壯文勢，廣文意”之效。 英文中的平行結(jié)構(gòu)是追求語言整殤美的典范，詞語，短語，從句，句子，語段都可以平行，有時還有交錯使用。1，詞的平行 Galileo studied, taught and experimented. (動詞平行) He thought everybody lived far too elaborately(苦心經(jīng)營的), expensively and anxiously. (副詞平行) He spent of his life in the rich, lazy, corrupt(腐敗墮落) Greek c

2、ity Corinth. (形容詞平行) Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta（三角洲） country. (名詞平行)2，短語的平行 Gorki himself was a man of such great courage, of such deep simplicity（樸素天真） and of intense honesty. (介詞短語平行) Knowing how to study and learning how to budget time are important for c

3、ollege students. (動名詞短語平行) I like to be up first in my own camp, to wake the cook myself, to shave while he boils the kettle and then to call the rest of company with a warm cup of coffee. (不定式短語平行) Roger led the way through the castle, kicking them over, burying the flowers, scattering the chosen s

4、tones. (現(xiàn)在分詞短語平行)3，從句的平行 When the green leaves become yellow gradually（逐漸的）, when the yellow leaves leave twigs（末梢） and fall down slowly, when the fallen leaves cover the footpath, we know that fall is here with us.(狀語從句平行) If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where

5、all things are possible; who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time; who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer. (定語從句平行)4，句子的平行 We shall fight him by land; we shall fight him with by sea; we shall fight him in the air. Some books are to be tasted

6、, others to be swallowed, and few to be chewed and disgusted.5，語段的平行 Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring（抨擊） those problems which divide us. Let both side, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms Let both side

7、s seek to invoke（seek） the wonders of the earth the science instead of its terrors. Let the both sides unite to heed（focus） in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah to “undo the hearty burdens and the oppressed（壓迫） go free.”6，交錯平行 Husbands have been killed, babies born deformed, wives left

8、deserted, children crippled（使殘疾） in accidents, homes burned to the groundIve looked and heard and wept and thought this is too much for anyone to bear and then Ive been astounded（震驚） at how happiness of a kind can be regained（恢復） out of the hell of grief.平行結(jié)構(gòu)的審美1，敘事 The Chinese diplomats should be f

9、irm at stance, far in sight, swift in wit, qualified in profession, outstanding in talent, noble in character. Thousand of eyes turned upward. Thousand of arms pointed. A black cloud was rising from the shattered（破碎） summit of mountain. Higher and higher it rose.2，議論 They vanished from a world where

10、 they were of no consequence; where they achieved nothing; where they were a mistake and failure and foolishness; where they have left no sign that they had existed.3，抒情 I like empathy（神思） that age brings. I like looking at children on the verge（邊緣） of some new event and knowing how they feel. I lik

11、e looking at pregnant woman and being able to share their mixed feeling. I like being familiar with that once made me apprehensive（焦慮不安的）. I like not being afraid of display my ignorance and ask for help. I like the confidence middle age brings.4，詮釋 Stanford University, famous as one of northern Cal

12、ifornia s several institutions of higher learning, is sometimes called” the Harvard of the West”. Its reputation is based on its location, its intelligent students, its distinguished faculty, its growth opportunities offered to students, its overseas programs, its substantial endowment（捐贈）, and its

13、recent extensive growth.5，演講 The feeling of the nation must be quickened（觸動）; the conscience of the nation must be roused（喚醒）; the propriety of the nation must be startled（驚嚇-震懾）; the hypocrisy（偽善） of the nation must be exposed; and its crimes against God and men must be proclaimed（宣告） and denounced

14、（揭發(fā)）. My fellow Americans: ask not your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe（敵人） to assure the survival and the succes

15、s of liberty.非人稱主語句 Impersonal Subject Sentence發(fā)怒之后，我不難過，也不后悔。After I got angry, I felt neither sorrow nor regret.Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst（爆發(fā)）進入青年期，他工作了，也戀愛了。After he became a youth, he got a job and then fall in love with a girl.Youth sees him on a job and love.2012

16、年6月，我在英國學習。I studied in Britain in June 2012.June 2012 found me studying in Britain.物人稱動詞能動性起源（老莊，儒家思想）作主語常出現(xiàn)的詞心理名詞（我）便覺得三分惆悵，三分無奈。然而，思之又覺釋然。A touch of frustration（挫敗感） and helpless comes over me a second thought brings me relieved calm.(有的人)心卻像張開的網(wǎng)，放過了焦躁苦惱。Worries slip off their minds as from a ope

17、n net.體貌名詞很少有人能品味皺紋背后那歷史與歲月拂過的幽香，她們無需再用鉛華雕飾。The furrows plough（犁，耕） by time deny replenishment （補給） with cosmetics（化妝品）, for they are fertile soil（肥沃的土壤） radiating the fragrance of history.感覺名詞當一個女人突然間意識到自己是一個女人并為自己的性別感到自豪時，是女人最美的時候。The confidence will bring the sense of beauty to a women and makes

18、her attractive. A woman is never more beautiful when the full sense of being a female dawns on her and makes her very proud of the sex.自然現(xiàn)象名詞于是，暮色匆匆的人群里，總有我趕路的身影。The gathering dark often finds me hastening home in a hurrying crowd.（我）只盼著早些回家。It is the longing to be home that quickens my steps.具體的物做名

19、詞我看見他們手上戴了戒指，Rings appeared glistening on their fingers.審美價值那是一個秋日微涼的黃昏。剛和老公慪過氣，一頭濕漉漉的亂發(fā)披散，站在院子的當口，讓風使勁地吹。“過來！壞脾氣女孩!”說話的當兒,他已拿著電吹風從房里走出來。沒好意思再別扭，便拉過一把椅子順從地坐下來。就這樣，面對著滿院子燦爛的花，不說一句話，心中的怨恨卻已全消了。一頭霧氣漸漸地散盡了，耳畔不時地有一種溫熱的感覺。“也許，幾十年后的一個黃昏，像現(xiàn)在，你一個人獨坐的時候，你會想起眼前的這一刻的。”沉默了很長時間的他，突然說出這樣的話來，而且聲音里還帶著一絲藏不住的傷感?！澳悄隳兀俊蔽覇?。老公關(guān)掉了手中的吹風機，看了我一眼，笑笑，然后用手擺正我的頭，手中的吹風機又響了起來，好一會兒才說：“先你而去了?！甭曇羰悄敲纯隙ǘ届o，而我好像突然明白了一直不作聲的他心中那一份痛惜的感覺，就像一個頑童突然看到了