Chapter 7 Packing

1、Chapter 7 PackingContents of this ChapterFunction of PackingKinds of PackingMarking of PackagePacking, in business practice, is one of the most important problems that confront the merchants engaged in foreign trade. It needs more care in export trade than domestic trade. The real art of packing is

2、to get the contents into nice, compact shape that will stay in perfect condition with nothing missing during the roughest journey. Introduction Section One The function of Packing3 Practical suggestions for packing methods1 Problems in Transport? 2 Purpose of Packing? Problems in Transport?Problems

3、in Transport?3 During the voyage or On the way1 During the process of domestic transportation 2 At the stage of loading the goods aboard a ship 4 When the goods are unloaded at the port of destination Purpose of Packing?Purpose of Packing?3 Packing can lessen shipping space and save freight.1 Packin

4、g can be used to protect the goods. 2 It makes the commodities convenient to handling.4 To make the product look appealing to the buyer5 To provide the information about the goods inside, make it easy to carry the product and provide the convenience in using the products.Practical Suggestions for Pa

5、cking Practical Suggestions for Packing MethodsMethods3 Cartons shoud not be overfilled1 Protection from corrosion 2 Protection from damage 4 Sharp edges on package should be avoided 5 Measures of security6 Special treat for goods like tea and food 7Cargoes shipped in bulk require little or no packi

6、ng9 The cases should be lined with waterproof cloth.8 Highly dangerous materialsPacking Is an ArtPacking Is an Art We have to know what We have to know what colorcolor your target your target consumers like, what consumers like, what stylestyle they prefer. they prefer.Factors you should take into a

7、ccount in Factors you should take into account in packing:packing:AppearanceAppearanceCultureCultureSecuritySecuritySection Two Kinds/types of Packing From the view point of whether they need packing, the goods in the international trade fall into three kinds: Nude Cargo（裸裝貨）（裸裝貨） Bulk Cargo（散裝貨）（散裝

8、貨） Packed Cargo（包裝貨）（包裝貨） Nude cargoes or nude packed commodities refers to those kinds of cargoes whose qualities are more stable and to be shipped without any packages or in simple bundles. They are not easy to be influenced by outside circumstances and they become single pieces of their own. They

9、 are difficult to be packed or do not need any packing, such as steel products, lead ingot, timber, rubber, automobile, etc. Nude Cargo 2) Cargo in Bulk/Bulk Cargo Cargo in bulk refers to those goods which are shipped or even sold without packages on the conveyance in bulk, such as oil, ore, grain,

10、coal, etc. Bulk shipment is usually applicable for large quantity of commodities that are to be shipped by means of transport with special purposed shipping equipment. Bulk shipment has the advantages of space saving, quick handling and lower freight. Packed Cargo Most of commodities in internationa

11、l trade need certain degree of packing during the shipping, storing and sales process. Packed cargoes refer to those which need shipping packing, marketing packing or both. Transport/Shipping Packing and Sales /Marketing Packing（運(yùn)輸包裝和銷售包裝）（運(yùn)輸包裝和銷售包裝） 1) Transport/shipping Packing（運(yùn)輸包裝）（運(yùn)輸包裝） 2) Sale

12、s/Marketing Packing（銷售包裝）（銷售包裝）3) Neutral Packing (中性包裝中性包裝) Single piece packing（單件運(yùn)輸包裝）（單件運(yùn)輸包裝） Collective packing（集合運(yùn)輸包裝（集合運(yùn)輸包裝) The cargoes are packed as a single unit, i.e., a measuring unit, in the transportation process. Single piece packing can be sub-divided into the following two kinds: Ac

13、cording to style: cases, drums, bags, bales, bundles, etc. According to material: cartons, wooden cases, iron drums, wooden casks, plastic casks, paper bags, gunny bags, plastic bags, etc.(1) Single piece packing（單件運(yùn)輸包裝）（單件運(yùn)輸包裝）Packing ContainerscartonPacking ContainersGunny bagsPacking Containersdr

14、umPacking ContainersCan/tinPacking Containerscasecrate Collective packing is also called group shipping packing by which a certain number of single pieces are grouped together to form a big packing or are packed in a big container. Collective packing can be classified into: (2) Collective packing（集合

15、運(yùn)輸包裝）（集合運(yùn)輸包裝） P137 Flexible container（集裝包和集裝袋） Container（集裝箱） Pallet（托盤）Packing ContainersDry Cargo Container1A,1AA,1B,1C,1D,1E,1F散貨集裝箱（Solid Bulk Containor）冷藏集裝箱（Refrigerated Container）開頂式集裝箱（Open Top Container）框架式集裝箱（Flat Rack Container）灌式集裝箱（Tank Container）掛衣集裝箱（Hang Container）Packing ContainersP

16、allet1200 mm1200 mml 000mml 000mm、1 200mm 1 200mm 800mm800mm、l l 219mm219mml 016mm(l 016mm(即即4848英寸英寸4040英寸）、英寸）、l 140 l 140 mmmml 140 mml 140 mm、 l 100 mml 100 mml 100 mml 100 mm、1067 1067 mmmml067mml067mm 平托盤（Flat Pallets）每個(gè)托盤的載重質(zhì)量應(yīng)小于或等于每個(gè)托盤的載重質(zhì)量應(yīng)小于或等于2 2噸。為了保證運(yùn)輸途中的安全，噸。為了保證運(yùn)輸途中的安全，所載貨物的重心高度，不應(yīng)超過(guò)所

17、載貨物的重心高度，不應(yīng)超過(guò)托盤寬度的三分之二。托盤寬度的三分之二。柱式托盤柱式托盤(post pallets ) 箱式托盤（Box Pallets）Flexible Container1-4M/T1-4M/T，F(xiàn)ertilizerFertilizer、FlourFlour、SugarSugar、CementCement Sales/marketing packing is not only adopted as a form of protection to reduce the risks of goods being damaged in transit and prevent pilfe

18、rage, but mainly with the purpose of promoting sales. The sales packing can be decided as wholesale package and retail package.2) Sales/Marketing Packing（銷售包裝）（銷售包裝）To protect goodsTo help customers identify goodsTo make goods appeal to customersTo beatify the look of goodsTo increase the salesTo pu

19、blicize the goodsTo help to display and sell goodsTo make goods easy to carry and useThe purpose of The purpose of Sales Packing（1）Neutral Packing The Neutral packing means that there is neither a name of the origin, nor a name and address of the factory/manufacturer, nor a trade mark, a brand, or e

20、ven any words on the (outer or inner) packing of the commodity and the commodity itself. 3) Neutral Packing and Brands designated by Brands designated by the buyerthe buyer (中性包裝和定牌中性包裝和定牌)A、Break down the tariff and non-tariff barriersB、Meet the special demand of transactionC、Get market profitE、Inc

21、rease the competitivenessF、Expand sales The Purposes of Neutral Packing（2）Brands designated by the buyer It refers to the packing that the goods should be packed according to the trade marks and brands by the buyer. Generally, we indicate “Made in the Peoples Republic of China” or “ Made in China”.

22、In some other cases, we indicate that the goods are made by a factory in the buyers countrySection Three Marking of Package 包裝標(biāo)志包裝標(biāo)志 1.Classification of Marking Package 包裝標(biāo)志的分類包裝標(biāo)志的分類 Packing mark or recognition mark refers to different diagrams, words and figures which are written, printed, or brus

23、hed on the outside of the shipping packing in order that it is easy and convenient for goods loading, unloading, storing, inspection and discharge. Package should not be marked with crayons, tags or card. The best method of marking is to stencil the marks on the outside of the package. Some exporter

24、s paint the marks with a brush and indelible ink. All in all, mark should be permanent and easily read at a glance. The Type of Packing MarkThe Type of Packing Mark1) Shipping Marks（運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志）（運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志） 2) Indicative Marks（指示性標(biāo)志）（指示性標(biāo)志） 3) Warning Marks（警告性標(biāo)志）（警告性標(biāo)志） 4) Supplementary (or Additional )Marks（附加

25、標(biāo)志）（附加標(biāo)志） - Stencil the marks on the two faces/sides (front and back side) on the outer package.Indicative markWarning markShipping markOriginal markPackage Mark Shipping marks are marks of simple designs, some letters, numbers and simple words on packages, often stenciled, that serve as identificat

26、ion of the consignment to which they belong. 1) Shipping Marks（運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志）（運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志）The shipping mark consists of: Name or code of destination;Code of consignee or consignor; Piece number, serial number, contract number or license number.運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志的構(gòu)成*目的地的名稱或代號(hào)；* 收貨人和發(fā)貨人的代號(hào)；* 件號(hào)、批號(hào)、合同號(hào)或許可證號(hào)。收貨人收貨人目的港目的港整批貨物整批貨物600件

27、中件中的第一件的第一件合同號(hào)合同號(hào)三角形的運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志三角形的運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志整批貨物總共整批貨物總共600件件 CMECME S/C NO.5624ECS/C NO.5624EC BANGKOKBANGKOK CTN/NO.1-500CTN/NO.1-500 ABC NEW YORK NEW YORK NOS.26/60 456065 G.125 kgs N.100 kgs T.25 kgs MADE IN CHINAFour Parts of a Standard Shipping Marks (1) Consignees code 3) Name or code of DestinationThe

28、port of transshipment must be indicated. E.G. In Transit HongKong;London Via HongKong (4) Package number/piece number (2) Reference number e.g.Contract or L/C Shipping MarksKDKKDKSN34567SN34567NEW YORKNEW YORKNOs.1-100NOs.1-100 We usually make use of the simple, noticeable design, remarkable diagram

29、s and simple words on the packages to remain the relative workers of the items for attention when they load, unload, carry and store the goods. It is printed in black color generally.2) Indicative Marks（指示性標(biāo)志）（指示性標(biāo)志） 常用指示性標(biāo)志 滑動(dòng)開門滑動(dòng)開門 滑動(dòng)開門滑動(dòng)開門 推開推開 拉開拉開 SLIDE SLIDE PUSH PULL WATERPROOF THIS SIDE UP F

30、RANGIBLE NO HOOKS 防潮防潮 此端朝上此端朝上 易碎品易碎品 禁用鉤禁用鉤 The warning mark is also called dangerous cargo mark or shipping mark for dangerous commodities, which is brushed/printed clearly and definitely on the shipping packing of the inflammable, explosive, poisonous, corrosive or radioactive goods, so as to gi

31、ve warnings to the workers/dockers/crew. 3) Warning Marks（警告性標(biāo)志）（警告性標(biāo)志） Warning marks are usually made up of simple geometrical diagrams, word descriptions and particular pictures, as to which, every country usually has its own stipulation. WARNING MARKS（警告性標(biāo)志） 當(dāng)心火災(zāi)當(dāng)心火災(zāi)易燃物質(zhì)易燃物質(zhì) 當(dāng)心火災(zāi)當(dāng)心火災(zāi)氧化物氧化物 當(dāng)心爆炸當(dāng)心

32、爆炸爆炸性物質(zhì)爆炸性物質(zhì)Supplementary marks are any official marks required by authorities. Some countries require the country of origin to be marked on every package, and weight and dimensions may also be required. 4) Supplementary (or Additional )Marks（附加標(biāo)志）（附加標(biāo)志） KDKKDKSN34567SN34567NEW YORKNEW YORKNOs.1-100

33、NOs.1-100MADE IN CHINAMADE IN CHINA100100454545cm45cmGross weight:46kiosGross weight:46kiosTare:2.5kilosTare:2.5kilosNet weight:43.5kilosNet weight:43.5kilosSupplementary MarksNotesPacking terms in the contract are extremely important for the exporter. They are often written in this way: “Goods must

34、 be packed in”. Sometimes the buyer may ask the exporter to pack the goods in his design. If his requirements can be met by you, you can accept his terms. Otherwise, try to persuade the buyer to adopt your own or traditional packing instead.Sometimes neutral packing is offered. Factors Influencing T

35、ypes of Cargo Packing 3.Nature of Cargo1.Value of Goods2.Nature of Transit 4.Compliance with Customs or Statutory Requirement5.Resale Value, if any, of Packing Material in the Importers Country6.General Fragility of CargoFactors Influencing Types of Cargo Packing 9.Easy Handling and Stowage7.The Int

36、ernational Consignment Delivery Terms of Sale8.Variation in Temperature in Transit10. The Size of the cargo and Its Weight11.Marketing Consideration12. Marking of Cargo Packaging13.Cost of PackagingEXAMPLES OF PACKING CLAUSES IN CONTRACT The packing of our mens shirts is each in a poly-bag, 5dozens

37、to a carton, lined with waterproof paper and bound with two iron straps outside.(2)All milk powders are wrapped in plastic bags and packed in tins, the lids of which are sealed with adhesive tape. Ten tins are packed in a wooden case, which is nailed, and secured by overall metal strapping.Case Stud