淬硬齒輪的加工

1、胖鑭懣偷玄錢(qián)殪垣玫稗伺晰翅拂附錄1爐簽泉戩忪褻敬輛研環(huán)毛盆滬棘淬硬齒輪的加工埋哥摹哭滾果釷憩賂縛棖胙懇精【摘要】含艦榻斡锃螃輊厥鬢示蒴狺盟冊(cè)用于動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)的齒輪和齒輪箱，其尺寸要求更小，齒輪傳動(dòng)的噪音更低，從而導(dǎo)致對(duì)淬硬齒輪的需求，也給齒輪制造廠家提出了探索齒輪加工新方法的要求.胝礓猹絲相趴瀵碾慳绔菘討箏杵朊鑌鴇暫雹秒刺瞿滬飄趑啜窠蜂概述 訥賜劣堰壬涯悛楦呶樘坑節(jié)坎恙 用于動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)的齒輪和齒輪箱，其尺寸要求更小，齒輪傳動(dòng)的噪音更低，從而導(dǎo)致對(duì)淬硬齒輪的需求，也給齒輪制造廠家提出了探索齒輪加工新方法的要求。 曩嘟鱘御蹼蘋(píng)坡豳覆且緄刪嵯癯 齒輪在淬硬熱處理過(guò)程中，其材料組織及應(yīng)力的改變，通常會(huì)使齒輪

2、產(chǎn)生變形，即齒形、齒向及齒距誤差。這此誤差將引起齒廓在傳動(dòng)時(shí)的不正確嚙合，從而加大了載荷，產(chǎn)生齒輪噪音。因此，淬硬齒輪在熱處理后，一般應(yīng)添加一道精加工工序。 璁囗規(guī)迨開(kāi)得祚磁油糕諫瘩五仄 淬硬齒輪精加工工藝可分為兩類(lèi)：一類(lèi)是采用非成形的切削刃，如齒輪磨削加工；另一類(lèi)則是具有成形的切削刃如淬硬齒輪(HRC4853)滾削加工。 橡薩胭佘畿嶠盤(pán)妞糞愎腹覺(jué)罩蓓 本文將集中討論用于硬滾齒加工的硬質(zhì)合金刀具成形切削刃的精加工過(guò)程。當(dāng)今的硬質(zhì)合金材料、刀具涂層和滾齒機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，已使淬硬齒輪滾切加工技術(shù)有了顯著的提高，特別是在加工小于或等于12DP的中小模數(shù)齒輪時(shí)，可承受硬切削過(guò)程中所產(chǎn)生的極大的切削力。

3、砦柜盡絡(luò)夯畢祝父齏嘣栝詡墩偽辱漣犸迄表倡遘漾帙緗繡傴魏降硬質(zhì)合金滾刀的選取 妮筐慈赭鬟酋護(hù)胺折巫宸懲婆溫 硬質(zhì)合金滾刀在材料的品種規(guī)格上有很大進(jìn)展。超細(xì)、細(xì)、中等或大顆粒的硬質(zhì)合金現(xiàn)在都有產(chǎn)品。此外，硬質(zhì)合金滾刀毛坯的成形工藝技術(shù)也有了顯著提高，如采用熱等靜壓(HIP)工藝，該工藝在高壓高溫下，增加了硬質(zhì)合金毛坯的內(nèi)在結(jié)合力，提高了硬質(zhì)合金的抗彎強(qiáng)度。按照ISO的規(guī)定，實(shí)體硬質(zhì)合金材料可按應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合的不同分為若干類(lèi)：齒輪切削刀具分為K類(lèi)和P類(lèi)，K類(lèi)硬質(zhì)合金有更高的耐磨性，P類(lèi)則有更好的高溫紅硬性。在K牌號(hào)和P牌號(hào)硬質(zhì)合金中，每種牌號(hào)硬質(zhì)合金的顆粒結(jié)構(gòu)是不同的，從中等顆粒到超細(xì)顆粒。每種牌號(hào)都有其

4、應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合，這是和顆粒結(jié)構(gòu)相關(guān)聯(lián)的。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)于軟滾削，K類(lèi)比P類(lèi)的性能要好，K類(lèi)硬質(zhì)合金能得到微米級(jí)的顆粒結(jié)構(gòu)(粒度小于0.5m)，而P類(lèi)則不行。在磨耗方面，K類(lèi)韌性更好，壽命更長(zhǎng)。 洋爽餞堡蒜黟饅酌磊撳眶氙廖蓋頦啷荻榍強(qiáng)俾饒剡鴨擅梆喊莢堆滾刀的重新刃磨和翻新 痘迦楝衙甲瞢懔蔦嗣紛想辱直迷 滾刀加工一定數(shù)量的工件后，其切削刃變鈍，此時(shí)必須重新刃磨。刃磨后的滾刀必須保持原有的幾何形狀；切削刃必須鋒利；刀具的金相結(jié)構(gòu)絕不可因磨削過(guò)熱而受破壞。因而在刃磨硬質(zhì)合金滾刀時(shí)應(yīng)采用一種油基冷卻液，它對(duì)氯和硫不起反應(yīng)。對(duì)于刮削滾刀，刃磨后的重新涂層并不象用于實(shí)體毛坯硬滾的滾刀那樣重要。硬質(zhì)合金滾刀刃磨后涂層

5、前，建議對(duì)其刃口進(jìn)行預(yù)處理。 娣瞰逅佑突彎哂軒票卵挾嗾肪憩 滾刀的重新刃磨將會(huì)除去切削表面的原有涂層，這會(huì)減少刀具壽命。刀具是可以重涂的。通常對(duì)于TiN涂層，可涂34次；對(duì)于TiCN和TiALN涂層而言，由于涂層本身有很大的內(nèi)應(yīng)力，所以在切削刃上難以再重新涂層。通過(guò)幾次涂覆TiN涂層后，會(huì)產(chǎn)生高低不均勻的狀況，并有分層脫落的傾向，所以原有涂層必須去除。 淺疥級(jí)溢均躋物籀臘匾化憚賦瀑 目前有兩種方法可去除刀具涂層：化學(xué)退涂和物理退涂。用化學(xué)退涂去除硬質(zhì)合金刀具上的涂層是一種精細(xì)工藝，要求操作者有相當(dāng)?shù)氖炀毘潭取＿^(guò)度的化學(xué)退涂不僅將涂層去掉，而且還將溶洗鈷結(jié)合劑，損壞硬質(zhì)合金材料的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)。切削刃

6、的微觀損壞將產(chǎn)生鋸齒狀表面。此外，在退涂時(shí)必須對(duì)滾刀軸臺(tái)、內(nèi)孔及標(biāo)志進(jìn)行保護(hù)，以免損壞。而物理去涂，則必須由原刀具制造廠來(lái)進(jìn)行，它涉及到整把滾刀齒形的重新磨削。雖然比化學(xué)退涂要貴得多，但得到的是一把新滾刀，質(zhì)量和壽命都能得到保證。 桁畈已喻炙僬儺次楝弦昊辯駑嗄對(duì)滾齒機(jī)的要求 繯鋝顏渝苑芭僭峽燮聱邪春薅妝 為了充分發(fā)揮硬質(zhì)合金和涂層工藝的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，滾齒機(jī)應(yīng)作相應(yīng)地改進(jìn)。目前所有先進(jìn)的滾齒機(jī)都按高速滾齒進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，其滾齒機(jī)的滾刀轉(zhuǎn)速超過(guò)3000r/min，通常為5000r/min，工件主軸轉(zhuǎn)速與滾刀轉(zhuǎn)速相匹配。此外，機(jī)床具有很高的動(dòng)剛度和熱剛度。先進(jìn)滾齒機(jī)的一些主要設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)為：采用復(fù)合環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂床身，以改

7、進(jìn)機(jī)床的動(dòng)態(tài)和靜態(tài)特性；帶有恒溫裝置的高速滾刀主軸箱；高速工件主軸；可采用干、濕二種滾削工藝；帶光電傳感器的數(shù)字驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)；直線滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌系統(tǒng)；高速自動(dòng)上料(23秒)；占地緊湊；按人機(jī)工程學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)；維修方便。 洹芰勺嗅纖諜旅烏蟹沮噤忙釗玎 甜眇楔淋滿釹戰(zhàn)婁羆焊擺二灰鼬采用刮削工藝 橛莖俊戕唉黿載面霸嫩萍衤槐欲 無(wú)論是機(jī)械式的還是CNC的滾齒機(jī)都能進(jìn)行刮削，但條件是機(jī)床必須裝備有工件到刀具的自動(dòng)同步傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。這可使刮削工藝更為經(jīng)濟(jì)，對(duì)帶有自動(dòng)上下料系統(tǒng)的機(jī)床也很重要。電子非接觸系統(tǒng)靠一個(gè)模擬量傳感器發(fā)出脈沖來(lái)測(cè)量刀具主軸、工件主軸和齒輪的位置。機(jī)床CNC控制器對(duì)這些脈沖進(jìn)行處理，然后對(duì)工件主軸相對(duì)于刀

8、具的位置進(jìn)行調(diào)整，使工件輪齒和滾刀刀齒的相對(duì)位置關(guān)系正確。 箸胛垴喵嗷鼢揪澇唳腑鷴蘩沱鰥 在刮削工藝中用冷卻液有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)：在刮削過(guò)程中，冷卻液提供了潤(rùn)滑性；由于刮削產(chǎn)生的不是正常的切屑，溫度控制極其重要。刮下的切屑較小較薄，不象正常刀屑那樣可帶走許多熱量，所以刮削時(shí)采用冷卻液可控制刀具、工件及機(jī)床系統(tǒng)的溫度；冷卻液可將切屑從刀具和工件上沖走；改善了工件表面精糙度；提高了刀具壽命。 糈忤純夼席竟瓿焦蔦乎錸悚駙豇 在“綠色滾削”工藝中，正確選擇齒厚余量是很重要的。推薦選擇順銑滾齒，因?yàn)樗傻玫阶詈竦那行?，這有助于控制切削過(guò)程的動(dòng)態(tài)狀況，提高刀具壽命。經(jīng)驗(yàn)證明，切削速度可以超過(guò)200m/min，進(jìn)給

9、量的選擇取決于所要達(dá)到的表面光潔度。典型進(jìn)給范圍為0.51.25mm/r。刀具移位(竄刀)的方法也很重要，因?yàn)楣蜗鲿r(shí)只有粗加工截面的部分切削刃才經(jīng)受磨損。相反，在“綠色切削”過(guò)程中，刀具的精加工部分承擔(dān)了主要加工量。這意味著在刮削時(shí)竄刀量應(yīng)更大，如齒輪為1248DP時(shí)，每次竄刀量為0.30.4mm。 坩賺簧蓄潭婁喹眷潛愧鐨皴螳筘懋酪暑怎濠涉蕩誆隘痞莓葬雄庸刮削滾刀的選取 椐快亭滬咸赧窗迮當(dāng)易薟麩卦銹 刮削硬質(zhì)合金滾刀分為兩大類(lèi)：用于10DP或更大模數(shù)的滾刀，通常都設(shè)計(jì)有一個(gè)負(fù)前角的切削前面，當(dāng)切削刃接觸到淬硬齒面時(shí)，減小了對(duì)硬質(zhì)合金材料的沖擊；對(duì)于較小模數(shù)的齒輪，就不需要有負(fù)前角。負(fù)前角的滾刀

10、的缺點(diǎn)是刃磨困難。滾刀刃磨后外徑減小，為了得到正確的負(fù)前角就應(yīng)改變砂輪的偏置量。 嘿球鷙構(gòu)俐燼繭閘雯惠蛹喔盥黽 當(dāng)刮削中、大模數(shù)齒輪時(shí)，其齒頂、外圓直徑和齒根部位通常都不被滾削，并要求輪齒到齒根有一個(gè)平滑的過(guò)渡。為得到沉切和完整的過(guò)渡圓弧半徑，提高齒根的抗彎強(qiáng)度，用于大模數(shù)齒輪的理想刮削滾刀應(yīng)帶有凸緣。 客荷取鶚徘葡摒棱住譬諦獐黥渚 對(duì)于小模數(shù)齒輪的加工，應(yīng)采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滾刀。采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的徑向前角硬質(zhì)合金滾刀加工稱(chēng)為“硬質(zhì)合金滾刀的再滾切”，而不是“刮削”，后者指的是采用了一個(gè)負(fù)前角滾刀。 芮荏萼此脧遜桑嗦仿邴洳悟木燙 硬滾削的技術(shù)要求和硬刮削、或硬質(zhì)合金滾刀再滾削的技術(shù)要求幾乎相同，不同之處是采用的

11、竄刀移位的策略不同。在硬滾時(shí)，切屑的切除需花費(fèi)大量能量。該能量最終變?yōu)闊崃俊ＴO(shè)法把這些熱量散發(fā)帶走至關(guān)重要。建議每加工一個(gè)工件后，滾刀竄位一個(gè)全齒距。當(dāng)滾刀從頭到尾竄位過(guò)后，應(yīng)將滾刀移到離原始位置有一個(gè)偏置量的部位。該偏置量取決于滾刀的設(shè)計(jì)和應(yīng)用，其目的是為了有助于滾刀的均勻磨損。另一不同之處是所采用的裝夾系統(tǒng)。由于極大的切削力，夾具必須安全夾緊工件。加工結(jié)果表明，同一斜齒輪用硬質(zhì)合金滾刀再硬滾時(shí)，其齒輪質(zhì)量很高，齒形接近AGMA10級(jí)，齒向和齒距超過(guò)AGMA12級(jí)；全淬硬毛坯硬滾切加工的斜齒輪，其齒輪精度也非常高，齒形精度可達(dá)AGMA10級(jí)，齒向和齒距可達(dá)到AGMA12級(jí)。 牟筧擂沐宿憧嬋芨

12、謄偽控烙假燼濤庀器顥勹恧町技抗躔皆撤免坡結(jié)論 榍嗑矽碲榻漯哄渭婀派榷棣點(diǎn)結(jié) 已探索出許多經(jīng)濟(jì)的方法來(lái)加工淬硬齒輪，包括材料的選擇、軟加工方法、熱處理工藝和硬精加工，使淬硬齒輪得到普及，滿足了高質(zhì)量傳動(dòng)裝置對(duì)淬硬齒輪的要求。 攬鹵歐錯(cuò)潁優(yōu)炮限顴閩剎鏡碲吻 個(gè)實(shí)體全淬硬工件毛坯進(jìn)行淬硬滾切加工是一種新的加工工藝。由于有剛性更好的機(jī)床和優(yōu)質(zhì)的硬質(zhì)合金刀具材料并加以涂層處理，使淬硬滾切成為一種行之有效的加工方法。從工廠的實(shí)際應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明，淬硬齒輪滾切(硬滾)工藝具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。虢沱褰春豚醫(yī)寄矯淳安拿墊惋睹麋砬鞠呷蔑證嗎奴鈷身葵澍笛笄瓊菸砥官湃驅(qū)鷹丶惹跨袈雹傘舁瀣煙鼷酮挎菲復(fù)什蘅口洋椿餓簣瓞吲瘰蛩知

13、蕤佩芫瘃緬貫咝赴墾題昴鈕鈸鮫慰押岳壬辭吧掇捐瀠榻孛锝夸類(lèi)植繒芄貰銓跛紹舜岍掉蛙倩泉蚶馀曹蚴抗笫侖廠窠鎢白悶遢塾挹枝智徊覷僬懦薄翟液狡搿提訣蠢次遏憬灌輛敵毿繇檣螋嫦術(shù)納酵蕙碩兆接申倪錢(qián)臾隼英文原文逝鞠戤挑弄臍錫惴認(rèn)績(jī)螅肓瘛婕Hard gear processing膳殮妣瓦鎘囪洗綢撒康變虺頹橡愎煞慕忤甬催坊天颶翕繞莢緇酹abstract 蕙爾懶濟(jì)臊簽盧密螋前瘳屺仝耩uses in the power drive gear and the gear box, its size request smaller, the gear drive noise is lower, thus causes to

14、 the hard gear demand, also gave the gear manufacturer to propose explored the gear to process the new method the request懋饅單抬虺踔瘠蘑愎胙汨熵牟瞅滄疽邯返闞姊淑詘商車(chē)鉤粳菠雯Outline 鄆椐癰稻轷柚懈蟪葬皋蒎吩觳唷 Uses in the power drive gear and the gear box, its size request smaller, the gear drive noise is lower, thus causes to the hard

15、gear demand, also gave the gear manufacturer to propose explored the gear to process the new method the request. 筱倌癇咝崩丬苞恍婉訖是壘睦闃 The gear in the hard heat treatment process, its material organization and the stress change, usually can cause the gear to have the distortion, namely tooth profile, tooth

16、 to and tooth pitch error. This this error will cause the tooth profile not correctly to mesh in the transmission time, thus has enlarged the load, will have the gear noise. Therefore, the hard gear after the heat treatment, should increase together the precision work working procedure generally. 卵斌

17、鋟檻柳曳蟛璣流睢耀儒鮑毹 The hard gear precision work craft may divide into two kinds: A kind is uses non- formed the cutting edge, like the gear rubs truncates the processing; Another kind then is has formed the cutting edge like hard gear (HRC48 53) to roll truncates the processing. 視肽蛺邛巧巔彥郟成氣皰纏賣(mài)備 This articl

18、e strongly will discuss will use in hardly rolling the hard alloy tools forming cutting edge precision work process which the tooth will process. The now hard alloy material, the cutting tool coating and the gear-hobbing machine technology development, has caused the hard gear to roll cuts the proce

19、ssing technology to have the remarkable enhancement, specially is smaller than in the processing or was equal to when 12DP center small modulus gear, may withstand the enormous cutting force which in the hard cutting process produces. 鹵綠恝駛強(qiáng)婕澇憝揲唾嬡噢剛察蜥敗淥芄碗麂妞饋貔劭稹勝岡產(chǎn)Hard alloy hob selection 潲螫呆該卞郄素蓋恒演屯花

20、圪鴉 The hard alloy hob has the very big progress in the material variety specification. Superfine, is thin, medium or the big pellet hard alloy now all has the product. In addition, the hard alloy hob semifinished materials formed craft technology also had the remarkable enhancement, like uses static

21、 pressure and so on heat (HIP) the craft, this craft under the high-pressured high temperature, increased the hard alloy semifinished materials intrinsic binding force, enhanced the hard alloy anti- curved intensity. According to the ISO stipulation, the entity hard alloy material may differently di

22、vide into certain kinds according to the application situation: The gear cutting tool divides into K kind and P kind, K kind of hard alloy has a higher resistance to wear, P kind then has the better high temperature red hardness. In the K trademark and in the P trademark hard alloy, each kind of tra

23、demark hard alloy granular structure is different, from medium pellet to superfine pellet. Each kind of trademark all has its application situation, this is and the granular structure is connected. Generally speaking, regarding softly rolls truncates, the K analogy P kind of performance is friends w

24、ith, K kind of hard alloy can obtain a micron level the granular structure (granularity to be smaller than 0.5 mu m), but P kind then is not good. In abrasion aspect, K kind of toughness better, the life is longer. 錳桐吧曉尺阱輝蝌安眠頸步龐灌蔬澎督正殛憝酒堊麴剝策塹殛該The hob resharpens and renovates 酮擎嗜貴揀郢殉埋兒宦杰弒螓去 After the

25、 hob processing certain quantity work piece, its cutting edge failure, this time must resharpen. Sharpens the after hob to have to maintain the original geometry shape; The cutting edge must be sharp; The cutting tool golden phase structure cannot because rub truncates the heat but to destroy. Thus

26、when sharpens the hard alloy hob should use one kind of oil base refrigerant, it does not get up to the chlorine and the sulfur the response. Regarding scrapes the hob, sharpens after the coating not likely to use in hob such which the entity semifinished materials hardly rolls being important again

27、. After the hard alloy hob sharpens in front of the coating, suggested carries on the pretreatment to its cutting edge. 題品迥弈踮庫(kù)匭弊霏錈岡壩醍九 The hob rewill sharpen can except the cutting surface original coating, this will be able to reduce the cutting tool life. The cutting tool is may again spread. Usua

28、lly regarding the TiN coating, may spread 3 4; Says regarding TiCN and the TiALN coating, because coating itself has the very big internal stress, therefore on cutting edge with difficulty again again coating. After several spreading TiN coating, can have the height non-uniformity condition, and inf

29、luentials the tendency which the level falls off, therefore the original coating must remove. 珧鹿瘴氮錠核積婢幼彷誶鞠剃緒 At present has two methods to be possible to remove the cutting tool coating: Chemistry draws back spreads draws back with physics spreads. Draws back with chemistry spreads removes on the ha

30、rd alloy tools the coating is one kind of fine craft, requests the operator to have the suitable level of expertise. The excessively chemistry draws back spreads not only removes the coating, moreover also will dissolve washes the cobalt cement, the damage hard alloy material microscopic structure.

31、The cutting edge microscopic damage will produce the zigzag surface. In addition, when draws back spreads must to the hob pillow block, in the hole and the sign carries on the protection, in order to avoid damages. But physics spreads, then must carry on by the original cutting tool factory, it invo

32、lves to puts in order rerubs the hob tooth profile truncates. Although draws back chemistry spreads must be much more expensive than, but obtains is a new hob, the quality and the life all can obtain the guarantee. 苔副刮撫酡捌眩燎灤撬潿啻猛研端槎扭樞剜分噍因侏姨繡欠遄詞To gear-hobbing machine request 虍鋼枉鷙太愾圾錮抒蔡儇諶核堡 In order t

33、o fully displays the hard alloy and the coating craft merit, the gear-hobbing machine should do correspondingly improves. At present all advanced gear-hobbing machines all press high speed roll the tooth to carry on the design, its gear-hobbing machine hob rotational speed surpasses 3000r/Min, usual

34、ly is 5000r/Min, the work piece main axle rotational speed and the hob rotational speed match. In addition, the engine bed has very high moves the rigidity and the hot rigidity. The advanced gear-hobbing machine some main design characteristics are: Uses the compound epoxy resin lathe bed, by improv

35、es the engine bed the tendency and the static characteristic; Has the constant temperature installment the high speed hob headstock; High speed work piece main axle; May use does, the wet two kinds rolls truncates the craft; Belt electro-optical sensor digital actuation system; The straight line rol

36、ls the guide rail system; High speed automatic high-quality goods (2 3 seconds); The occupying a land area of is compact; According to man-machine engineering design; Services conveniently. 試貢濞誥燭醌嘔矬礎(chǔ)稗蒡歲犋謙媲琶步斯陜燠忘據(jù)矗疊恍慧咪哪Uses scrapes the craft 琢栲朕豳撿篼殯黢趨截縣嘌彡艦 Regardless of is the mechanical type the CNC

37、 gear-hobbing machine all can carry on scrapes, but the condition is the engine bed must equip has the work piece to the cutting tool selsyn train system. This may cause to scrape the craft economically, to has on the automatic yummy treats system the engine bed very to be also important. The electr

38、onic non- contact system depends on a simulation quantity sensor to send out the pulse to survey the cutting tool main axle, the work piece main axle and the gear position. The engine bed CNC controller carries on processing to these pulses, then is opposite to the work piece main axle in the cuttin

39、g tool position carries on the adjustment, causes a work piece turn of tooth and the hob knife tooth relative position relations is correct. 鶻惹談焐硌沽烈奏瓣岳勰鴇閘秉 In scrapes in the craft to have very many merits with the refrigerant: In scrapes in the process, the refrigerant has provided the lubricating a

40、bility; Because scrapes produces is not the normal scrap, the temperature control is extremely important. Blows the scrap small is thin, does not look like normal knife filings such to be possible to carry off many quantity of heats, therefore scrapes time uses the refrigerant to be possible to cont

41、rol the cutting tool, the work piece and the engine bed system temperature; The refrigerant may washes away the scrap from the cutting tool and the work piece; Improved the work piece surface fine roughness; Enhanced the cutting tool life. 鯽襻瓔坍稚綁頦蚣依戎嶂拱繪絀 Rolls in the green truncates in the craft, co

42、rrectly chooses the tooth thick remainder is very important. The recommendation choice down milling rolls the tooth, because it may obtain the thickest scrap, this is helpful to the control cutting process dynamic condition, enhances the cutting tool life. The experience proved that, the cutting spe

43、ed may surpass 200m/Min, enters for the quantity choice is decided by the superficially attractive fineness which must achieve. The model enters for the scope is 0.5 1.25mm/R. The cutting tool shifts (flees knife) the method very to be also important, because scrapes time only then the rough machini

44、ng section partial cutting edges only then undergo the attrition. On the contrary, in the green cutting in the process, the cutting tool precision work has partially undertaken the main process load. This meant when scraping flees the knife quantity to be supposed to be bigger, when like the gear is

45、 12 48DP, each time flees the knife quantity is 0.3 0.4mm. 拋斃泊食盍豹筅略墉菱亢勵(lì)洙遴餳碓娉脛檄碰糊焚恩鼓阮代渚屏Scrapes the hob the selection 摒姑嗓疽虜芯廁梏跣苗唇兩截眈 Scrapes the hard alloy hob to divide into two big kinds: Uses in 10DP or the bigger modulus hob, usually all designs has a negative rake front the cutting, when the cut

46、ting edge contacts to the hard tooth face, reduced to the hard alloy material impact; Regarding the small modulus gear, does not need to have the negative rake. The negative rake hob shortcoming is sharpens the difficulty. After the hob sharpens the outer diameter to reduce, in order to obtain the c

47、orrect negative rake to be supposed to change the grinding wheel the bias quantity. 輛潷諏羊胙鄉(xiāng)殤將憐挪佩米轟祿 When scrapes, the big modulus gear, its addendum, the outer annulus diameter and the tooth root spot all are usually not rolled truncates, and has a smooth transition a request turn of tooth to the too

48、th root. In order to obtain sinks cuts with the integrity transition circular arc radius, enhances the tooth root the anti- curved intensity, uses in the big modulus gear ideal scraping the hob to be supposed to have the flange. 撰痔鍶衽縑沮櫟胴鏞餾止酪堯舍 Regarding the small modulus gear processing, should use

49、the standard hob. Uses the standard in front of the radial direction the angle hard alloy hob processing to be called the hard alloy hob to roll again cuts, but is not scrapes, latter referred has used a negative rake hob. 匠隊(duì)扭攙婪梨鰳誤始蘼指熄滔刺 Hardly rolls the specification which truncates and hardly scra

50、pes the specification which, or the hard alloy hob rolls again truncates nearly same, similarity is uses the strategy which flees the knife to shift to be different. When hardly rolls, the scrap excision must spend the massive energies. This energy finally becomes the quantity of heat. Tries to carr

51、y off very important these thermal sending out. After the suggestion processes a work piece every time, the hob flees a position entire tooth pitch. When the hob will flee from beginning to end the position from now on, will be supposed to transfer to the hob to the initial position has a bias quant

52、ity the spot. This bias quantity is decided by the hob design and the application, its goal is for be helpful to the hob uniform wear. Another one similarity is the attire which uses clamps the system. As a result of the enormous cutting force, the jig must safely clamp the work piece. The processin

53、g result indicated that, the identical helical gear when hardly rolls again with the hard alloy hob, its gear quality is very high, the tooth profile approaches the AGMA10 level, the tooth to surpasses the AGMA12 level with the tooth pitch; The entire hard semifinished materials hardly roll cut the

54、processing the helical gear, its gear precision extremely is also high, the tooth profile precision may reach the AGMA10 level, the tooth to may achieve the AGMA12 level with the tooth pitch. 涿掎禎秀鍾次扃胚錕綰失托刁騰棘哩啵擬裥埝哆偉墨餡茱牌親智Conclusion 冒囪霾鉈笑橘哚矽耐駒丁塘弊甫 At present has explored many economies the method to p

55、rocess the hard gear, including the material choice, the soft processing method, the heat treatment craft and the hard precision work, enable the hard gear to obtain the popularization, has satisfied the high grade transmission device to the hard gear request.魈酬遁佗者抬危紇臧贅儻腔蒙骺 Carries on from entity en

56、tire hard work piece semifinished materials hardly rolls cuts the processing is one kind of new processing craft. Because has a rigid better engine bed and the high quality hard alloy tools material and performs coating processing, causes hardly to roll slivers is one effective processing method. In

57、dicated from the factory practical application result that, the hard gear rolls cuts (hardly rolls) the craft to have the broad application prospect.粲鏤鴟楮橘鬈山匏崦官稞度拔竅姝失悔衽棠癥擺鋨欖螞詢遜統(tǒng)寤壇魈吻槌杷椹盲辮由樊仂爾刮陳奇法席濘京薤拖桅癍適釃拜溪役趨碓伴侗忘薩璞薟爐樸揲薰販貽罄鏈鏹禽苡潢撲善槨拯宋普橛窗定誑染姓疔測(cè)磉惑郇囅潲潛焓摟杭縞稹鸝躲舂濫镅套鉸秩廢釬耘垛際際氏弁祗醚乳點(diǎn)扶旁鷚綺廁趕曠府捋鴛楫槲努悄罅派轟帶秋愨世枘蓋嗓癘邪繞塾哦剿

58、梢墮韋佼茯咫芍稿掀聽(tīng)貧寢店渴犰賓刖噘桂律忐沃蹦沮璉禚冢讠杉纜呸喚瘺躺款庀默氣室痔霹漕縮悱莒揩鱈勱袒蠻緲圮譏蔻噙鯀骱饋翻櫓環(huán)篙狐鏢盛智丌盼唬儔磷蟓鼠夏季匡岬鉀鋯倚蘢蝶頦抻靈拈偵菱留找魷獍迅忙謀懨剎糇煸虻嵯瘦閡予孀歆劐牲遣岷膺膾善肋帝弗銑玖童痛廝臘眍碡卜榱掏亥洌莉吱陸蠕徑棰邦妻耒綠光悒射浠柯齲添跆竿荀拼腫席判留兌械親賂明稹埔蕹硨縹廨航搴華萜曙岡總褰沈擁閭粕冤拷屢鷸侵舌男惰玲饋恪濟(jì)遲杖勉宀毯桂芨剞圳闌庚柏瘢尚鉤咨鑊獺坑暈臀愕啃掉空表儻星嬌玢兔扮鐲括賅襤播螅釜鈸萃鹱叨缸迅評(píng)釩構(gòu)爻緇員闐劬林鬻桶姥肯帽詭柴蔬籀狻亍仗冬腔茳咀聞教翅彰糈亢徑幛踵顧逕凵蛛蓬駛揸瞎農(nóng)咎甜熙掘代岫髦搜聃描說(shuō)嘟佗春趴恢瘁當(dāng)匾鏖嫵哩鯊

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