高級(jí)綜合商務(wù)英語(yǔ)1彭青龍Unit1Globalization

1、Unit One Globalization1. Lead-in2. Text A: The Empire Strikes Back3. Text B: Disney Theme ParkA Normal Day Maybe your coat could have very well been made with Chinese cotton sewed by Thai hands, shipped across the Pacific on a French freighter crewed by Spaniards to Shanghai harbor. This internation

2、al exchange is becoming increasingly popular. There is a greater access to foreign culture in the form of movies, music, food, clothing, and more. In short, the world has more choices.Lead-inLead-in A warm-up discussion on the pros and cons of globalization. Lead-in Mobile phones have surpassed thei

3、r original use. -Steve Jobs (February 24, 1955 October 5, 2011) Globalization changes our ways of communication. Costs of telephone calls as well as travel have fallen. Communication is cheaper and easier. Globalization changes our ways of thinking. Global competition encourages creativity and innov

4、ation and keeps prices for commodities/services in check. Lead-inKeep .in check使使.受抑制、約束受抑制、約束Lead-in Globalization changes our employment.Outsourcing, while it provides jobs to a population in one country, takes away those jobs from another country, leaving many persons without opportunities.Lead-i

5、n Globalization brings trade conflicts.Lead-inCultural Identity With different cultures around the world beginning to interact, our cultural identity is changed gradually through globalization.Lead-in pros and cons convenienceworking together towards common goalsunemploymentpollution and diseases Do

6、es globalization bring more benefits or harms to our world? Structural AnalysisPara. Main TopicsPara. 1-3Taking IBM as an example to give an overview of the past and present of big multinationals. Para. 4-7The benefits big multinationals obtain in the process of globalization. Para. 8-14The advantag

7、es enjoyed by big multinationals over their local rivals and the existing problems on both parts.Part I Questions about Part IQ1. What is the main idea of part one (Para. 1-3)? In part one, the author talks about the history of development of multinational companies and then introduces their latest

8、movement, which is to expand rapidly, especially in those emerging markets.Part I Questions about Part IQ2. When people talking about emerging market, what are the countries or regions that they are referring to? (Para. 1) Emerging markets are nations with social or business activity in the process

9、of rapid growth and industrialization. The seven largest emerging and developing economies are the BRIC countries (, Brazil, Russia, India and China), as well as Mexico, Indonesia, and Turkey. Q3. What is the meaning of “l(fā)ine business” (Para. 1)? Line business or line of business, is a general term

10、which often refers to a set of one or more highly related products which service a particular customer transaction or business need. Part I Questions about Part IQ4. What does the author mean by saying “the personal-computer business had become commoditized?” (Para. 3)? He meant that the personal-co

11、mputer business had e n t e r e d a p h a s e t h a t w a s l a c k o f m e a n i n g f u l d i f f e r e n t i a t i o n i n t h e manufactured goods. Commoditized products have thin margins and are sold on the basis of price, not brand.Part I Questions about Part I When you want to create a climat

12、e and culture of hyper-growth, you really need to live and breathe emerging markets. (Line 3, Para. 1) “If you want to create an opportunity or culture that is conductive to the rapid development of the company, you really need to break into the emerging markets.”P(pán)art I Sentence Interpretation notin

13、g that “Latin America now reports to Shanghai.” (Line 10, Para. 1) He pointed out that “now Shanghai has become the headquarter for the newly created growth markets organization of IBM which is responsible for its business operations outside North America and Western Europe.”P(pán)art I Sentence Interpre

14、tation And it integrates those operations horizontally and globally. (Line 16, Para. 2) With this new model of integrated global entity, multinationals can merge those operations that are at the same stage of production in the same or different industries in a global perspective.Part I Sentence Inte

15、rpretation But the assault on its services business led by a trio of Indian outsourcing upstarts (Line 4, Para. 3) The three newly founded Indian companies which provide IT support or software programming service to other companies severely attacked IBMs share of business in this area.Part I Sentenc

16、e Interpretation hyper-growth (Line. 4, Para. 1) n. very fast growth hyper- is often used to form adjectives or nouns that describe someone or something as having a lot or too much of a particular quality. example: hyper-inflation I hated my father. He was hyper-critical and mean. Part I Words and E

17、xpressions entity (Line. 13, Para. 2) n. an entity is something that exists separately from other things and has a clear identity of its own. In business, it refers to a person, partnership, organization, or business that has a legal and separately identifiable existence.e.g. legal entity 法人實(shí)體法人實(shí)體 e

18、conomic entity 經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體，經(jīng)濟(jì)單位經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體，經(jīng)濟(jì)單位 business entity 營(yíng)業(yè)單位營(yíng)業(yè)單位 ，企業(yè)單位，企業(yè)單位 Part I Words and Expressionshave an edge over (Line. 11, Para. 3) enjoy an advantage overe.g. Shopping centers are another area where foreigners still haveanedgeoverlocals. Part I Words and ExpressionsQ1. Whats the main idea of Pa

19、rt II (Para. 4-Para. 7)? The reasons that attract multinationals to expand into emerging markets, such as: cheap labor, highly skilled professionals, better management of intellectual-property theft and very attractive potential customerthe local government.Part II Questions about Part IIQ2. Why has

20、 the local government become the most attractive customer to multinationals? Because the emerging markets governments are now focusing on improving their infrastructure facilities, which brings abundant opportunities for multinationals from drawing up plans to actual building of those facilities.Par

21、t II Questions about Part II As for every big multinational, winning the “war for talent” is one of the most pressing issues, especially as hot labor markets in emerging markets are causing extremely high turnover rates. (Line 8, Para. 4) It is crucial for multinationals to attract more local talent

22、s, especially when the competition with local rivals has caused a high instability in staff employment of skilled professionals. Part II Sentence Interpretation IBM is not alone in pitching directly to governments for this business, relying on its established brand and on the growing pressure on eme

23、rging-country governments to deliver high-quality, value-for-money infrastructure. (Line 4, Para. 6) With its well-established reputation, IBM is not the only multinational company seeking cooperation with emerging markets governments, which are facing urgent needs of providing high-quality infrastr

24、ucture facilities. Part II Sentence Interpretation go to them with a blueprint for a strategy to improve them using our technology to beat global benchmarks; this is about revolutionary not incremental changes, . (Line 5, Para. 7) When negotiate with local government about how to improve its key ind

25、ustries, we come up with a plan which involves using our most advanced technology to compete with global standard; hence the improvement is not a small step but a huge step.Part II Sentence Interpretation which since the launching of its ecomagination strategy in 2003 has bet big on a boom in green

26、technologies (Line 9, Para. 7) Since GE launched its campaign which focuses on addressing ecological challenges in 2003, it has expected to see a rapid development in environmental-friendly technologies in China and has invested greatly in the area.Part II Sentence Interpretationperennial (Para. 5)

27、adj. used to describe situations that keep occurring or that seem to exist all the time; used especially to describe problems or difficultiesexample: .the perennial urban problems of drugs and homelessness.Part II Words and Expressionscutting-edge (Para. 5)adj. in accord with the most fashionable id

28、eas or styleSynonym: up-to-dateexample: cutting-edge technologyPart II Words and Expressionssubstantial (Para. 6)adj. large in amount or degreeSynonym: significantexample: won by a substantial margin By careful strategy she negotiated a substantial pay rise. Part II Words and Expressionsincremental

29、(Para. 7)adj. used to describe something that increases in value or worth, often by a regular amountexample: Lecturers enjoy steadily incremental growth in salary. We are seeking continuous, incremental improvements, not great breakthroughs. Part II Words and Expressionsforge (Para. 7)v. If one pers

30、on or institution forges an agreement or relationship with another, they create it with a lot of hard work, hoping that it will be strong or lasting. 努力地締造example: The prime minister is determined to forge a good relationship with the countrys new leader. They agreed to forge closer economic ties. P

31、art II Words and ExpressionsPart II Notes National Development and Reform Commission It is a macroeconomic management agency under the Chinese State Council, which has broad administrative and planning control over the Chinese economy. National Development and Reform CommissionThe NDRCs functions ar

32、e To study and formulate policies for economic and social development To maintain the balance of economic development To guide restructuring of Chinas economic system. The official website: http:/ II Notes Part III Questions about Part III Q1: Whats the main idea of Part III (Para. 8- Para. 14)? Com

33、pared with their local rivals, multinational giants enjoy certain advantages in several areas, such as their management or ability to create value. However, there are also problems existing on both sides. Q2: What is the biggest challenge facing Western multinationals? (Para. 11) It is a striking la

34、ck of executives from emerging markets at the top of multinationals management team. The overwhelming majority of their senior ranks are still westerners.Part III Questions about Part III Q3: What are the problems facing local companies in China according to the author? (Para. 14) The status issue L

35、ack of skill to operate in more sophisticated markets overseas.Part III Questions about Part III A 2007 study of Chinas top 200 publicly traded companies found that the best businesses in China are not yet on a par with the worlds foremost ones. (Line 1, Para. 9) A 2007 study of Chinas top 200 publi

36、cly listed companies showed that even the best companies in China still can not compete with the worlds leading multinational giants.Part III Sentence Interpretation Mr. Hout reckons that the expatriate managers now deployed by multinationals in emerging markets are generally of a much higher qualit

37、y than the “young buck or retirement-posting types” they used to send. (Line 4, Para. 10) “They used to assign either inexperienced novice or elderly managers who were about to retire to emerging markets, but expatriate managers now they sent are generally of a higher quality than before.” commented

38、 by Mr. Hout.Part III Sentence Interpretationon a par with (Para. 9)as good, bad, important, etc. as sb./sth. elseexample: I dont think his ability is on a par with yours. The companys latest model could transform the automaker from a niche player to something more on a par with its German rivals.Pa

39、rt III Words and Expressionsdeploy (Para. 10)v. 1. Place troops or weapons in battle formation 2. to distribute sth. systematically or strategicallyexample: The President said he had no intention of deploying ground troops. to deploy ones resources or genius 施展聰明才智Part III Words and Expressionsexpat

40、riate (Para. 10)n. An expatriate is someone living in a country that is not their own.v. move away from ones native country and adopt a new residence abroadexample: This paper develops a practical approach for the selection of expatriate managers. Part III Words and Expressionsat short notice (Para.

41、 12)Upon receiving the notice, as soon as noticedexample: The plans are subject to change at short notice. They have to leave for France at short notice. Part III Words and Expressionspoach (Para. 13)v. hunt illegally secretly, dishonestly persuade someone from another organization to join example:

42、Many national parks set up to provide a refuge, for wildlife are regularly invaded by people poaching game. Companies sometimes poach employees from one another.Part III Words and Expressions Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara. 1An overall introduction of the Walt Disney CompanyPara. 2-3The ope

43、ration of Tokyo DisneylandPara. 4-7The process of setting up Disney Paris, problems encountered and measures takenPara. 8-13The reasons for choosing Hong Kong to build the second Disneyland in Asia and things to be considered to ensure its successDiscussion 1. What difficulties did Disneyland Paris

44、encounter at the beginning?Exercises I. SpeakingPeople in France worried the park would contribute to the destruction of French culture. French farmers blocked transportation and entry to the parks. Many potential customers instead visited the 1992 Olympics and Worlds Fair in Spain or other European

45、 amusement parks, because many Europeans were wary that prices might be unexpectedly high.Whats more, the Parisian climate was too much colder to attract many winter visitors to the park. Finally, the no-alcohol policy in the park displeased the German and U.K. visitors. Exercises I. SpeakingDiscuss

46、ion 2. How did the company deal with the difficulties?Exercises I. Speaking Disney agreed to make French the first language in the park. It also added some attractions to cater to French tastes. In the meantime, Disney lowered prices, eliminated its no-alcohol policy, and promoted the park more heavily while putting a moratorium on rec