2022屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions學(xué)案含解析新人教版

1、unit 3inventors and inventions必備知識盤點夯基 bi bei zhi shi pan dian hang ji單詞立體巧記寫準(zhǔn)記牢語境運用核心單詞1_distinguish_ vi& vt顯示的差別；使有所不同；辨別2_product_n產(chǎn)品3_seize_vt 抓住；捉??；奪4_dial_vt撥(電話)5_rainfall_n降雨6_innocent_ adj清白的；無罪的；天真的7_bear_vt忍受；忍耐；負擔(dān)8_tap_vt& vi輕打；輕拍；輕敲n輕輕地敲擊(聲)；(水)龍頭9_stable_adj穩(wěn)固的；穩(wěn)定的；安定的10_practical_ adj

2、實際的；實踐的；實用的1(2020全國卷)we are the products (產(chǎn)品)of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago2we believe that only a _stable_ (穩(wěn)定的) and fully confident middle class will guarantee the stability and prosperity of hong kong3 i _dialed_ (撥打) 120 and waited there until she was ta

3、ken to hospital4your suggestion sounds reasonable and _practical_(practice) i think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting5 he is too young _to distinguish_ (distinguish) between right and wrong, and needs your guidance6i _seized_ (seize) the opportunity to practise my spoken english拓展單詞1_c

4、onvenient_adj便利的；方便的；就近的_convenience_n方便，便利；適宜_conveniently_ adv便利地，方便地2 _caution_ n小心；謹慎_cautious_ adj小心的；謹慎的_cautiously_ adv小心地；謹慎地3_abrupt_ adj突然的；意外的_abruptly_ adv突然地；唐突地4_expectation_ n預(yù)料；期待；期望_expect_v預(yù)料；期待；期望；認為5_recognition_ n認出；認可；承認_recognize_vt認出，識別；承認6_freezing_adj冰凍的；嚴寒的_freeze_v冰凍_froz

5、en_adj凍結(jié)的7_occasionally_ adv偶然地；不時地_occasional_ adj偶然的；臨時的；特殊場合的_occasion_ n時機，機會；場合8_merry_ adj愉快的；高興的_merrily_ adv高興地；愉快地9_associate_ vt聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n同伴；伙伴_association_ n協(xié)會；聯(lián)合；關(guān)聯(lián)1he is a _cautious_ man and is always doing things with _caution_ you should get on with him _cautiously_ (caution)2you can visi

6、t professor li when it is _convenient_，that is, at his _convenience_ his house is _conveniently_ near the bus stop (convenient)3in western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually _associated_ with bad luck, but actually there isnt any _association between them (associate)4the dog wagged its tail

7、 in _expectation_ of a bone but was _expected_ to go out (expect)5it is _freezing_ outside now, and more snow is falling on already _frozen_ streets (freeze)6this is my _occasional_ visit to the theme park, in which i _occasionally_ meet the cartoon characters i like most (occasion)7(2020江蘇卷改編)the o

8、utbreak of covid-19 has meant an abrupt change in our life and work our life and work have been abruptly changed(abrupt)聯(lián)想積累：1后綴-ive形容詞集錦active 主動的passive 被動的positive 積極的negative 消極的subjective 主觀的objective 客觀的2含fore-前綴的單詞面面觀forehead n 額頭forearm n 前臂forecast vt 預(yù)報foresee vt 預(yù)見；預(yù)知foreword n 前言foretell

9、 v 預(yù)言；預(yù)示3表示“抓住”的相關(guān)詞語一覽seize vt 抓住；捉住catch vt 抓??；接住grasp vt 抓?。徽莆誧atch hold of 抓住get hold of 抓住短語語境助記寫準(zhǔn)記牢語境運用1_call up_給打電話；使想起2_now and then_偶爾；有時3_set about _開始；著手4_dive into_迅速把手伸入；一心投入5_set out (to do)_開始(做)6_hang on _不掛斷；稍等；緊緊握住7_out of order_次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障8_get through_設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通電話)；(設(shè)法)做完；通過9_ring

10、back _回復(fù)電話10_ring off_掛斷電話語境運用1robot _dived into_ his pocket and took out a handful of pennies2 its the love and responsibility that have driven him to _ get through_ many hardships and survive3as soon as she got into the classroom, she _set about_ preparing for the lessons4 i checked the files and

11、some of the papers were _out of order_ you had better sort them out5the students go to visit their english teacher _now and then _ who retired from school last year6as i grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _called up _ scenes of my childhood 句式運用速記背會原句知曉考點我會仿用

12、1the criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel專利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是很嚴格的，除非新的想法真是新穎的，否則很難被接受。sothat“如此以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。1他的發(fā)明如此實用以至于很快就獲得了專利。his invention was _so practical that_ he soon got a patent2follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you

13、will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind跟隨它，在它的周圍探索，不知不覺中，你將有值得考慮的某些東西占據(jù)你的大腦。祈使句and/or/otherwise陳述句。2(2018浙江6月卷寫作)給我一個機會，我不會辜負你的期望。give me a chance _and i will live up to your expectations_3now its a matter of waiting and hoping現(xiàn)在，只是等待和期望的問題了。 a matter of意為“的問題”。3(全國卷書面表達)只要你努力，對

14、你而言，很好地理解中國文化只不過是一個時間問題。it is just _a matter of time_ for you to understand chinese culture well so long as you work hard核心素養(yǎng)精講層練 he xin su yang jing jiang ceng lian1distinguish vt& vi顯示的差別；使有所不同；辨別詞匯拓展distinguished adj卓越的；著名的；杰出的distinguishable adj易分辨的；能區(qū)分的用法歸納(1)distinguish betweenand區(qū)分/辨別和disting

15、uishfrom使有別于distinguish oneself(as)(作為)表現(xiàn)突出(2)be distinguished for因而出名be distinguished as作為而出名層級訓(xùn)練夯基單句語法填空。(朗文辭典)the twins are so alike its difficult to distinguish one _from_ the other(牛津詞典)at what age are children able to distinguish _between_ right and wrong?the chinese nation which is distinguis

16、hed _for_ its diligence and courage has attracted the attention from the worldi can introduce chinese painting to our _distinguished_(distinguish) guests efficiently while offering them constructive guidance 提能句式升級because it is distinguished for its attractive scenery, hangzhou witnesses large numbe

17、rs of tourists every year_distinguished for its attractive scenery_，hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year2bear vt(bore，borne)忍受；忍耐；負擔(dān)；承擔(dān)；記?。簧?；結(jié)果實歸納拓展(1)cant bear doing/to do sth 不能忍受做某事cant bear sb/sbs doing/to do sth不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear a heavy burden 肩負重擔(dān)bear responsibility/the blam

18、e 承擔(dān)責(zé)任/受責(zé)備(3)bear/keep sthin mind 記住某事bear/keep in mind that記住層級訓(xùn)練夯基寫出下列句中bear的含義。everyone should bear the responsibility of protecting the environment_承擔(dān)_(2019天津卷)we learn to bear with the things we cant change we learn to avoid self-pity_忍受_she did bear a healthy baby in hospital yesterday _生育_(浙江

19、卷寫作)however, a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out_結(jié)果實_夯基單句語法填空。i cant bear young people _casting_ (cast) away their youth_bearing_ (bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children 提能詞匯升級。my mother often reminds me to remember that “failure is the mother of

20、success”my mother often reminds me to _bear/keep in mind_ that “failure is the mother of success”3associate vt聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n同伴，伙伴詞匯拓展association n 聯(lián)合；聯(lián)想；交往；協(xié)會；團體用法歸納(1)associate sb/sthwith sb/sth把某人/某事和某人/某事聯(lián)系在一起；由某人/某事聯(lián)想到某人/某事be associated with 和有關(guān)；與聯(lián)系在一起associate with sb與某人交往或打交道(2)in association with 與合伙

21、/合作；與聯(lián)合(結(jié)交，有關(guān)聯(lián))層級訓(xùn)練夯基單句語法填空。just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air _with_ health care if you associate _with_ positive-thinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success there are many serious health problems which _are associated_ (associate) with smoking (牛津詞典)he is closely

22、associated in the public mind _with_ horror movies(2020全國卷)as a result, she says, some of the injuries associated (associate)with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers提能單句寫作。(全國卷書面表達)this exhibition was organized by the local government _in association with several paper-cut

23、ting artists_這次展覽是由當(dāng)?shù)卣?lián)合一些剪紙藝術(shù)家共同組織的。4call up給打電話；使想起歸納拓展(1)call at 拜訪(某個地點)call off 取消；停止call on/upon 拜訪(某人)；號召call for (公開)要求；呼吁；需要；去接(某人)call in 邀請；請來(2)與“打電話”有關(guān)的其他短語：ring up 給打電話ring/call back回復(fù)電話ring off掛斷電話give sb a ring/call 給某人打電話hang/hold on 不掛斷層級訓(xùn)練夯基用call相關(guān)短語填空。(湖南卷)the teachers praise _c

24、alled up_ memories of my mothers encouragementthey call_on/upon/for_people and the government to take measures to fight against light pollutionthe game was _called off_because of the bad weatherhe offered me a good job, one that _calls for_ great patiencei will _call for_ you at 8 oclock at the scho

25、ol gatemr white was to _call at_ my house after he finished his speech提能單句寫作。(北京卷書面表達)a week before earth day, posters were put up around our school, _calling on/upon us to join in the activity for a greener earth_地球日前一周，在我們學(xué)校周圍張貼了海報，呼吁我們加入到這個“讓地球變得更綠”的活動中來。5get through設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通電話)；(設(shè)法)做完；通過；度過；用完；

26、耗盡歸納拓展(1)get(sth)across(to sb) (使某事)被(某人)理解get along with sb與某人相處；進展get away with sth攜某物潛逃；不因某事受懲罰get down to(doing)sth開始做某事；認真處理某事get over 爬過；克服(困難)；從中恢復(fù)過來(2)go through經(jīng)歷；檢查look through瀏覽；仔細查看live through活過；經(jīng)過之后仍然活著see through看穿；識破層級訓(xùn)練夯基寫出下列句中g(shù)et through的含義。i managed to get through the game and the

27、 pain was worth it in the end_設(shè)法做完_i couldnt get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then_打通電話_luckily, the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through_通過_the little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more_用

28、光_she found writing helped her get through the rough days_度過_提能選用get短語填空。how can i_get_it_across_to you how important it is?studying a foreign language is always hard at the beginning，but ill_get over_itits high time that i_got/should get down to_reflecting on my mistakes6follow it up，explore all ar

29、ound it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind跟隨它，在它的周圍探索，不知不覺中，你將有值得考慮的某些東西占據(jù)你的大腦。該句使用了“祈使句and陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“條件與結(jié)果”的邏輯關(guān)系。歸納拓展(1)祈使句and陳述句if，主句(2)祈使句or/or else/otherwise陳述句ifnot，主句(3)名詞詞組and陳述句溫馨提示以上結(jié)構(gòu)后面的陳述句多用表示將來意義的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。層級訓(xùn)練夯基單句語法填空。(2018浙江卷寫作)give me a

30、 chance, _and_ i will reward you with moregive up smoking, _or/otherwise_ you may die of lung cancera bit more effort, i think, _and_ you will settle the problem提能一句多譯。充分利用各種條件，我們就能取得成功。_make the most of all kinds of conditions_ , and we will achieve success_if we make the most of all kinds of condi

31、tions_，we will achieve success(if從句)_making the most of all kinds of conditions_，we will achieve success(分詞作狀語)高效演練素能提升 gao xiao yan lian su neng ti sheng單句語法填空1give me a chance, _and_ ill give you a wonderful surprise2ive been trying to phone charles all evening, but there must be something wrong w

32、ith the network；i cant seem to get _through_3armed with the information you have gathered, you can set _about_ preparing your business plan4(2020全國卷)the next morning he hired a boat and set out to find (find) the well-known painter 5the photo which we took last summer vacation called _up_ the happy

33、days6we have to be _practical_(practice)there is no point in looking at a house we cant afford to buy7what shocked the police and the people around most was that the kidnapper suddenly dived _into_ his pocket and took out a gun in a desperate attempt to escape with the kidnapped child8(2020全國卷)bambo

34、o plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home 9in order to lose weight, the young lady prefers to work _out_ regularly rather than take expensive weight-losing pills10until the start of the industrial revolution, mankind was poor, hungry, and constantly _at_ the mercy of disease an

35、d natural disasters單句改錯1im not accustomed to associate with people like those young men_associateassociating_2water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high frozen point_frozenfreezing_3there was a general expectation what most students would pass the exam_whatthat_4i think you shou

36、ld be caution about giving your address to strangers_cautioncautious_5distinguishing for its diligence and courage, the chinese nation has attracted the attention from the world_distinguishingdistinguished_6he seized her by her arm and took her outside_第二個herthe_單句寫作1給我這個機會，我會用偉大的成就回報你。(祈使句and陳述句)_g

37、ive me the opportunity，and i will reward you with great achievements_2這首詩一定與叫西施的美女有關(guān)系。(bound；associate)_the poem is bound to be associated with the beauty called xishi_3下定決心后，這個經(jīng)理開始執(zhí)行這個計劃。(set about；undertake)_having made up his mind，the manager set about undertaking the plan_4讓他沮喪的是這次活動有負眾望。(expect

38、ation)_what made him cast down was that this activity didnt live up to expectations_5如果你方便，請盡快回電話。(ring back)_if it is convenient for you，please ring back as soon as possible_語篇填空when the writer called up her mother in the countryside _1on_ the phone, she learned that snakes came near their house an

39、d that the snakes _2seemed_(seem) to have made their home there when asked to help get rid of the snakes, the writer felt proud and considered _3it_ a chance for her to distinguish herself by inventing something _4merciful_(mercy) that would catch snakes but not harm them she set about _5researching

40、_(research) the habits of snakes she decided to cool them so that they could be easily caught _6however_，her first two plans were not successful as _7a_ result, she had to attempt a third time, which helped her fulfill her aim _8successfully_(success) _9pressed_(press) by her friends and relations,

41、she decided to send her _10invention_(invent) to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea話題寫作用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文假設(shè)你是李華，你從當(dāng)?shù)匾患揖W(wǎng)站上看到一則招聘設(shè)計部助手的廣告，請你給負責(zé)人寫一封求職信，內(nèi)容包括：自我介紹；個人優(yōu)勢；希望得到回復(fù)。補充要點句(加黑體部分請利用本單元所學(xué)詞匯) 得知你的設(shè)計部需要助手，我想申請這個職位。i have learned that _your designing department is in need of an assistant_ id like to apply for the position自從童年開始，我就著手設(shè)計東西。_i have set about designing/set out to design_ things since my childhood在過去的兩年中，我一直潛