非謂語動詞動詞-ing之用法精講

1、謂語動詞動名詞動名詞gerund不定式不定式infinitive分詞分詞participle1 1性質(zhì)：它具有動詞的特點，但在性質(zhì)：它具有動詞的特點，但在句子中起著名詞、形容詞、副詞的作句子中起著名詞、形容詞、副詞的作用，充當主語、表語、定語、賓語、用，充當主語、表語、定語、賓語、賓語補足語、狀語的作用，即：除謂賓語補足語、狀語的作用，即：除謂語以外一切成分。語以外一切成分。 主語主語 定語定語 賓語賓語 表語表語 狀語狀語賓語補賓語補 足語足語不定式不定式 過去過去分詞分詞 v-ing 形式形式 3 3語態(tài)：必須搞清邏輯主語語態(tài)：必須搞清邏輯主語與非謂語動詞的關(guān)系，從而與非謂語動詞的關(guān)系，從

2、而來確定非謂語動詞態(tài)的語態(tài)。來確定非謂語動詞態(tài)的語態(tài)。 swimming is her favorite sport. learning is important to modern life.they went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.i remembered sending him an e-mail last week. （前）he suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next sunday. （后） having lived in this city for three y

3、ears, she knows it very well.i really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. = i really regretted having missed such an exciting lecturewe remembered seeing the film. (=we remembered having seen the film.) the question being discussed is very important.i cant stand being kept waiting.having bee

4、n shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library.his not coming made everyone present very disappointed. seeing is believing. = to see is to believe. it is no use crying over spilt milk. its a waste of time arguing about it.talking to him. telephoning him. he is not willing to come.making an

5、 effort. saying when it will stop raining. there is no joking about such matters. her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possiblethe problem is quite puzzling. 1. her work is _( look )after the children.2. my aim is _( go ) to tsinghua university.3. one of my bad habit is _(bite ) nails（指甲）

6、（指甲）. 1 1 能用動詞能用動詞- -inging形式作賓語的及物動詞可分兩類形式作賓語的及物動詞可分兩類，只能只能用動詞用動詞- -inging形式作賓語形式作賓語，可用動詞可用動詞- -inging形式作形式作賓語賓語, ,也也可用不定式作賓語可用不定式作賓語。只能用-ing形式作賓語的動詞 suggest doing it in a different way.必背必背admit 承認承認 appreciate 感激感激 avoid 避免避免put off 推遲推遲 keep 保持保持 consider 考慮考慮delay 耽擱耽擱 dislike 嫌惡嫌惡 resist抵制抵制me

7、ntion 提及提及 enjoy 喜歡喜歡 escape 避免避免excuse 原諒原諒 practice 練習練習 mind介意介意fancy想不到想不到 feel like 意欲意欲 finish 完成完成risk 冒險冒險 include 包括包括 forgive 原諒原諒give up 放棄放棄 suggest 建議建議 miss 逃過逃過 imagine 設(shè)想設(shè)想 cannot help 情不自禁情不自禁 1. he was in low spirits and even consider _(go ) away.2. practise _( put ) your hand to t

8、he ground.3. i cant help _( have ) the trip to britain.4. dont tell me you always escape _( fine) because you have a fast sports car.5. leave off _(bite) your nails!6. he didnt feel like _( work ), so he suggested _( spend ) the day in the garden.7. you certainly mustnt miss _( see ) the wonderful f

9、ilm.8.the doctor advised _(stay) longer in hospital.9.we appreciate your _(want) _(help) us in our difficulties.10.michael has delayed _(write) to her till today. 11.the law forbids _(sell)liquor to children.12.they all suggested _(give) more chances.13.can you imagine _(leave) standing outside for

10、a whole night.14.they built the banks to prevent the area from _(flood).這類動詞雖然既能用這類動詞雖然既能用- -inging形式作賓語，也能用不定式形式作賓語，也能用不定式作賓語，但用法并不相同，主要有以下幾種情況：作賓語，但用法并不相同，主要有以下幾種情況：有些動詞，如attempt, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer等，后面接動詞-ing形式或不定式區(qū)別不是很大。they prefer spending/to spend their summer vacation

11、in dalian. i intend to buy/buying an english-chinese dictionary. 提示提示i am starting to learn russian. 避免說：i am starting learning russian. i hope we shall be friends and come to understand one another.it was already two oclock when she came hurrying in. having finished the exercises, we went on to lea

12、rn the new words in the next unit. though it was raining heavily, they went on working。 i didnt mean to hurt you. 。missing the train means waiting for another hour. 。i regret to say i must leave tomorrow. i regret not having told her earlier.remember to lock the door when you leave. i remember posti

13、ng that letter. forget to doshe nearly forgot to give the porter a tip for his service. forget doingill never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. stop to dowhile working, he stopped to talk with tom at times. stop doingwhen the teacher came into the classroom, the pupils stopped

14、talking. try to doi must try to get everything ready before he arrives. try doingwould you please try doing that again? your composition needs correcting / to be corrected.his coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned.the old woman requires looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.動詞動詞- -inging形

15、式作介詞賓語大都和一些固定搭形式作介詞賓語大都和一些固定搭配有關(guān)配有關(guān)。 we heard the children shouting upstairs. i felt my heart beating violently. he saw a girl getting on the bus.he saw a girl get on the bus and drive off. they should not leave us wondering what they will do next.i wont have you running about in the room.we kept th

16、e fire burning all night long.i saw him enter the room sit down and light a cigarette. 。a reading room = a room which is used for reading 閱覽室閱覽室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋跑鞋a working method =a method of working 工作工作方法方法a drawing board 畫板畫板 a sewing machine 縫紉機縫紉機a swimming pool 游泳池游泳池 a wait

17、ing room 候車室候車室a dining car 餐車餐車 a driving permit 駕駛許可證駕駛許可證a singing competition 歌詠比賽歌詠比賽 a walking stick 手杖手杖developing countries = countries that are developing發(fā)展中國家發(fā)展中國家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起來看起來很普通的房子很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困

18、擾困擾人的問題人的問題a dog 狂吠的狗狂吠的狗 a play 令人令人失望的戲劇失望的戲劇an adventure 驚人的冒險驚人的冒險a baby 熟睡的嬰兒熟睡的嬰兒 water 正在沸騰的水正在沸騰的水 sight 逐漸衰退的視力逐漸衰退的視力 the sun 落日落日the week 下一周下一周the bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.they lived in a house facing south.【誤】the professor coming here yesterday will giv

19、e us a lecture.【正】the professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. 【誤】the temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 【正】the temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.(

20、= after we have made full preparations.) being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. (= since he was ill.)his father died, leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money.working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=if you work hard at your lessons.knowing all this, they made me pay for

21、 the damage.= although they knew all this.he lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= .and stared at the sky for a long timea.a. 分詞分詞表示的必須表示的必須是是主語主語的的一個動作一個動作；b.b. 分詞表示的動作和謂語表示的動作分詞表示的動作和謂語表示的動作（或狀態(tài)）是（或狀態(tài)）是同時同時發(fā)生的；發(fā)生的；c.c. 分詞表示的是比較分詞表示的是比較次要次要的動作，對謂的動作，對謂語表示的動作或狀態(tài)加以說明；語表示的動作或狀態(tài)加以說明；d.

22、d. 大部分放在大部分放在謂語謂語之后；之后；e.e. 分詞有時可以與句子的其他部分用逗分詞有時可以與句子的其他部分用逗號隔開。號隔開。2、3、4、 european football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. （nmet1998） a. making b. makes c. made d. to makehe rushed to the train station, only _ the train had gone.a. finding b. found c. finds d.

23、to finddhis parents died, leaving him an orphan.he rushed to the post office only to find it was closed reading aloud is very helpful. his fathers falling ill worried him greatly.(his father是falling ill的邏輯主語) what worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的邏輯主

24、語是的邏輯主語是her)an interesting book = a book that interests its readersa running stream = a stream that is runningthe meeting being held in beijing now is of great importance.(the meeting和舉行之間的關(guān)系是被動的，所以用being held) 比較比較 we often hear her singing this song.we often hear this song (being) sung. entering t

25、he classroom, i found nobody in it.【誤誤】looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.【正正】looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.【誤誤】reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.【正正】i was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.the last bus having gone, we had to walk home. weather permitting, the football match will be played on friday. 一般說來，男孩比女孩對科學更感興趣一般說來，男孩比女孩對科學更感興趣. .generally speaking, boys are more inte