pratt手冊(cè)中的腳本程序(共35頁(yè))

1、（一）提取二維頻譜中某個(gè)頻率位置的能量值# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 然后在對(duì)象列表窗口選定并編輯(Edit)一個(gè)二維頻譜對(duì)象(Spectrum)，再在二維頻譜對(duì)象上將游標(biāo)定位到您需要測(cè)量其能量的頻率位置；# 然后按腳本編輯器的Run 菜單下的Run 按鈕；# 執(zhí)行結(jié)束后，您將在彈出的信息窗口中看見(jiàn)該頻率位置的能量值。clearinfospectrumN$=selected$(Spectrum)editor Spectrum spectrumN$pitchV=Get c

2、ursorendeditorbinNum=Get number of binsbinW=Get bin widthbinN=Get bin number from frequency. pitchVbinNQ=floor(binN)binNH=ceiling(binN)pitchQ=Get frequency from bin number. binNQpitchH=Get frequency from bin number. binNHif pitchH-pitchQ0rV=Get real value in bin. binNQrV=rViV=Get imaginary value in

3、bin. binNQiV=iVshengYaQ=(rV*rV+iV*iV)0.5dBQ=20*log10(shengYaQ/2*105)+15rV=Get real value in bin. binNHrV=rViV=Get imaginary value in bin. binNHiV=iVshengYaH=(rV*rV+iV*iV)0.5dBH=20*log10(shengYaH/2*105)+15juli=(pitchV-pitchQ)/(pitchH-pitchQ)dB=dBQ+(dBH-dBQ)*juliendifif pitchH-pitchQ=0rV=Get real valu

4、e in bin. binNrV=rViV=Get imaginary value in bin. binNiV=iVshengYa=(rV*rV+iV*iV)0.5dB=20*log10(shengYa/2*105)+15endifprint dB（二）提取二維頻譜中前n 個(gè)諧波峰的能量值# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 然后在對(duì)象列表窗口選定并編輯(Edit)一個(gè)二維頻譜對(duì)象(Spectrum)，并測(cè)量其第10 個(gè)諧波的中心頻率，再除以10 以得到這個(gè)時(shí)點(diǎn)的基頻值；#

5、然后按腳本編輯器的Run 菜單下的Run 按鈕，接下來(lái)在彈出的對(duì)話窗口里輸入您剛才測(cè)定的基頻值和需要測(cè)量的諧波峰數(shù)目n；# 執(zhí)行結(jié)束后，您將在彈出的信息窗口中看見(jiàn)n 個(gè)諧波峰位置的能量值。form 對(duì)話框positive Frequency_Zero_(Hz) 100positive The_Number_of_harmonics 10endformfZero=frequency_ZerofNum=the_Number_of_harmonicsprint fNumclearinfofor j from 1 to fNumpitchV=fZero*jbinNum=Get number of bi

6、nsbinW=Get bin widthbinN=Get bin number from frequency. pitchVbinNQ=floor(binN)binNH=ceiling(binN)pitchQ=Get frequency from bin number. binNQpitchH=Get frequency from bin number. binNHif pitchH-pitchQ0rV=Get real value in bin. binNQrV=rViV=Get imaginary value in bin. binNQiV=iVshengYaQ=(rV*rV+iV*iV)

7、0.5dBQ=20*log10(shengYaQ/2*105)+15rV=Get real value in bin. binNHrV=rViV=Get imaginary value in bin. binNHiV=iVshengYaH=(rV*rV+iV*iV)0.5dBH=20*log10(shengYaH/2*105)+15juli=(pitchV-pitchQ)/(pitchH-pitchQ)dB=dBQ+(dBH-dBQ)*juliendifif pitchH-pitchQ=0rV=Get real value in bin. binNrV=rViV=Get imaginary v

8、alue in bin. binNiV=iVshengYa=(rV*rV+iV*iV)0.5dB=20*log10(shengYa/2*105)+15endifprint dB newline$endfor（三）提取二維頻譜中各頻率成分的能量值# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 然后在對(duì)象列表窗口中選定一個(gè)二維頻譜對(duì)象(Spectrum)；# 然后按腳本編輯器的Run 菜單下的Run 按鈕；# 執(zhí)行結(jié)束后，您將在C:/temp.txt文件中得到各頻率成分的能量值。saveFi

9、leName$= c:/temp.txtfiledelete saveFileName$binNum=Get number of binsbinW=Get bin widthfileappend saveFileName$ Hzfileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ dBfileappend saveFileName$ newline$for i from 1 to binNumrV=Get real value in bin. iiV=Get imaginary value in bin. ishengYa=(rV*rV+iV*i

10、V)0.5dB=20*log10(shengYa/2*105)+15pitchV=(i-1)*binWfileappend saveFileName$ pitchVfileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ dBfileappend saveFileName$ newline$endforendfor（四）將共振峰頻率數(shù)據(jù)提取到TextGrid 對(duì)象中# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 打開(kāi)一個(gè)聲音，并按對(duì)象列表右側(cè)的

11、Edit 按鈕來(lái)編輯這個(gè)聲音，選擇ShowSpectrogram 和Show Formant 按鈕前的對(duì)鉤。并將顯示窗口調(diào)整到合適的橫軸顯示比例，將游標(biāo)定位到需要測(cè)量共振峰的位置上（一般定位在共振峰數(shù)據(jù)比較穩(wěn)定的地方或發(fā)生變化的地方，而不能放在那些紅點(diǎn)散亂的位置）；# 然后按腳本編輯器的菜單Run下的Run按鈕即可執(zhí)行；# 運(yùn)行這段程序后，會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)對(duì)話框，詢問(wèn)您要提取多少個(gè)共振峰數(shù)據(jù)，默認(rèn)為3 個(gè)，另外還要詢問(wèn)您是否需要新建一個(gè)TextGrid對(duì)象來(lái)保存共振峰數(shù)據(jù)，如果在對(duì)象列表窗口中沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)于聲音對(duì)象的TextGrid 對(duì)象，請(qǐng)選擇CreateTextGrid (for First Tim

12、e)按鈕前的復(fù)選框，然后按OK按鈕運(yùn)行即可；如果已經(jīng)有了TextGrid 對(duì)象，則不必選擇Create TextGrid (for First Time)按鈕前的復(fù)選框，直接按OK按鈕運(yùn)行即可。另外請(qǐng)保持Formant Number 與第一次設(shè)定的個(gè)數(shù)一致，后面的操作過(guò)程不必修改它；# 這個(gè)程序?qū)⑻崛〕鲇螛?biāo)位置的共振峰頻率數(shù)據(jù)和帶寬數(shù)據(jù)，并把它寫(xiě)到一個(gè)TextGrid 類型的文件之中，在TextGrid 對(duì)象中它們之間用“-”分開(kāi)，“-”之前表示共振峰的中心頻率值，“-”之后表示共振峰的帶寬；如果所提取出來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)不夠準(zhǔn)確，請(qǐng)?jiān)赥extGrid 對(duì)象中進(jìn)行修改，最后請(qǐng)記作保存TextGrid 對(duì)

13、象。form 對(duì)話框positive Formant_Number_(no_more_than_5) 3boolean Create_TextGrid_(for_First_Time) 0endformnf=formant_NumbercreateTextgrid=create_TextGridsoundN$=selected$(Sound)textGridN$=soundN$+_Formanteditor Sound soundN$Show analyses. yes no no yes no 10time=Get cursorfor i from 1 to nffi=Get formant

14、. ibi=Get bandwidth. iendforendeditorif createTextgrid=1if nf=5To TextGrid. F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1endifif nf=4To TextGrid. F4 F3 F2 F1 F4 F3 F2 F1endifif nf=3To TextGrid. F3 F2 F1 F3 F2 F1endifRename. textGridN$endifselect TextGrid textGridN$for i from 1 to nffV=floor(fi)bV=floor(bi)txt$=fixe

15、d$(fV,0)+-+fixed$(bV,0)Insert point. nf+1-i time txt$endforendifselect Sound soundN$（五）將TextGrid 對(duì)象中的共振峰數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成文本文件# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 再在對(duì)象列表窗口中選定一個(gè)用來(lái)登記共振峰數(shù)據(jù)的TextGrid 對(duì)象；# 然后按腳本編輯窗口的Run 菜單下的Run 按鈕執(zhí)行程序；# 執(zhí)行結(jié)束后，您將在C:/temp.txt文件中得到這個(gè)TextGrid 對(duì)象內(nèi)的數(shù)

16、據(jù)，您可以使用Excell 表格讀取該文件。saveFileName$= c:/temp.txtfiledelete saveFileName$tN=Get number of tiersfor i from 1 to tNnF=Get tier name. ipN=Get number of points. ifor j from 1 to pNlP$=Get label of point. i jif index(lP$,-)0a=index(lP$,-)-1b=length(lP$)b=b-a-1fPij=extractNumber(left$(lP$,a),)bPij=extractN

17、umber(right$(lP$,b),)elsefPij=extractNumber(lP$,)bPij=100endiftPj =Get time of point. i jendforendforfileappend saveFileName$ 時(shí)點(diǎn)（ms）fileappend saveFileName$ ,for i from 1 to tNa=tN+1-ifileappend saveFileName$ Ffileappend saveFileName$ afileappend saveFileName$ ,endforfor i from 1 to tNa=tN+1-ifileap

18、pend saveFileName$ Bandwidthfileappend saveFileName$ afileappend saveFileName$ ,endforfileappend saveFileName$ newline$for j from 1 to pNtt=floor(tPj*1000)fileappend saveFileName$ ttfileappend saveFileName$ ,for i from 1 to tNll=fPijfileappend saveFileName$ llfileappend saveFileName$ ,endforfor i fr

19、om 1 to tNll=bPijfileappend saveFileName$ llfileappend saveFileName$ ,endforfileappend saveFileName$ newline$endfor（六）制作聲學(xué)元音圖# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 然后按腳本編輯窗口的Run 菜單下的Run 按鈕執(zhí)行程序；運(yùn)行時(shí)，會(huì)彈出一個(gè)對(duì)話框，如下圖所示：# 如果您要自己輸入元音的音標(biāo)及其F1 和F2 的值，則分別在對(duì)話框的前三個(gè)輸入窗口中輸入；如果您

20、不準(zhǔn)備自己手工輸入（即由程序自動(dòng)從聲音編輯窗口和標(biāo)注窗口中提取您所指定位置的數(shù)據(jù)），則保持對(duì)話框的前三個(gè)輸入窗口的數(shù)據(jù)不變。對(duì)話框的第四個(gè)窗口用來(lái)輸入F1 的范圍，對(duì)話框的第五個(gè)窗口用來(lái)輸入F2 的范圍，這兩個(gè)值一般根據(jù)您所畫(huà)元音里的F1 和F2 的最大值來(lái)決定，通?？梢员３植蛔?。對(duì)話框的第六個(gè)窗口用來(lái)輸入聲學(xué)元音圖的寬度，對(duì)話框的第七個(gè)窗口用來(lái)輸入聲學(xué)元音圖的高度，一般也可以保持不變。對(duì)話框最底下的那個(gè)復(fù)選框用來(lái)確定是否重新作圖，只在做第一個(gè)元音圖時(shí)打鉤，接下來(lái)做其他元音時(shí)就不能再打鉤了，否則前面所做好的圖就被取消了。設(shè)置好之后，按對(duì)話框上的“OK”按鈕提交運(yùn)行即可。# 如果您不是手工輸入元

21、音的音標(biāo)及其F1 和F2 的值，那么您需要在對(duì)象列表窗口中選定聲音文件對(duì)象和相應(yīng)的標(biāo)注文件，并將它們合并在一起打開(kāi)來(lái)編輯，在編輯窗口分析顯示出聲音的共振峰數(shù)據(jù)，還需要在相應(yīng)的標(biāo)注文件里標(biāo)注出該元音的音標(biāo)，然后把游標(biāo)定位到合適的共振峰位置上，設(shè)置好這些之后再運(yùn)行這個(gè)腳本程序。運(yùn)行時(shí)，還可以在上圖1、2、3 位置修改元音的音標(biāo)及其F1和F2 的值。form 輸入框comment If you think the values token from the editor are wrong,comment please input the correct values in the followin

22、g textbox:sentence Vowel_Symbol originalreal Frequency_of_First_Formant_(Hz) 0 (=auto input)real Frequency_of_Second_Formant_(Hz) 0 (=auto input)positive Maximum_Frequency_of_First_Formant_(Hz) 1000positive Maximum_Frequency_of_Second_Formant_(Hz) 3000positive Width_of_the_picture 5positive Height_o

23、f_the_picture 5boolean Draw_the_vowel_on_a_new_picture 0endformvowelN$=vowel_Symbol$fff=frequency_of_First_Formantfsf=frequency_of_Second_FormantnewPic=draw_the_vowel_on_a_new_picturehyu=maximum_Frequency_of_Second_Formantzyu=maximum_Frequency_of_First_FormantwP=width_of_the_picturehP=height_of_the_

24、picturewP=wP+0.5hP=hP+0.5hjiange=hyu/10000zjiange=zyu/10000if vowelN$=originaltextName$=selected$(TextGrid)editor TextGrid textName$txt$= Get label of intervalendeditorelsetxt$=vowelN$endifif fff=0textName$=selected$(TextGrid)editor TextGrid textName$ff= Get first formantendeditorelseff=fffendifif f

25、sf=0textName$=selected$(TextGrid)editor TextGrid textName$fs= Get second formantendeditorelsefs=fsfendifff=1-ff/zyufs=1-fs/hyuif newPic=1Erase allViewport. 0.5 wP 0.5 hPBlackPlain lineDraw line. 0 0 1 0Draw line. 0 1 1 1Draw line. 1 1 1 0Draw line. 0 1 0 0for i from 0 to 10a=i/10b=(10-i)*hjiangeb=b:

26、2BlackPlain lineText special. a Centre 1 Bottom Times 10 0 bGreyDotted lineif a0 and a1Draw line. a 1 a 0endifendforfor i from 0 to 9a=i/10b=(10-i)*zjiangeb=b:2Plain lineBlackText special. 1 Left a Bottom Times 10 0 bGreyDotted lineif a0 and a1Draw line. 1 a 0 aendifendforPlain lineBlackText special

27、. 1 Left 1 Bottom Times 10 0 KendifPlain lineBlackDraw circle. fs ff 0.006a=ff/zjiangeb=floor(a)c=ceiling(a)d=(b+c)/2if adtf=ff-0.02elsetf=ff+0.02endifa=fs/hjiangeb=floor(a)c=ceiling(a)d=(b+c)/2if adts=fs-0.02elsets=fs+0.02endifBlueText special. ts Centre tf Half Times 14 0 txt$（七）提取標(biāo)注對(duì)象中的數(shù)據(jù)# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的

28、Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 執(zhí)行這個(gè)程序，你需要在C 盤(pán)temp 文件夾下存放TextGrid 文件，TextGrid對(duì)象需要標(biāo)注音節(jié)和聲韻母等數(shù)據(jù)；# 然后按腳本編輯窗口的Run 菜單下的Run 按鈕執(zhí)行程序；運(yùn)行時(shí)，會(huì)彈出一個(gè)對(duì)話框，如下圖所示：# 請(qǐng)?jiān)谏蠄D1 位置輸入音節(jié)層的標(biāo)注層級(jí)；請(qǐng)?jiān)谏蠄D2 位置輸入聲韻母層的標(biāo)注層級(jí)；請(qǐng)?jiān)谏蠄D3 位置輸入重音層的標(biāo)注層級(jí)；請(qǐng)?jiān)谏蠄D4 位置輸入間斷層的標(biāo)注層級(jí)；如果在您的標(biāo)注文件中沒(méi)有標(biāo)注上面的內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)保留“0”不變。設(shè)置好之后請(qǐng)按上圖5

29、的“OK”按鈕繼續(xù)運(yùn)行。# 運(yùn)行結(jié)束后，您將在C 盤(pán)temp 文件夾下找到提取出來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)文件，其名稱是TextGrid 文件的名稱加上“_TextGrid”，類型是文本文件。您可以使用Excel表格打開(kāi)剛才得到的數(shù)據(jù)文件，以觀察和分析數(shù)據(jù)。dirPath$ = C:tempCreate Strings as file list. list dirPath$*.TextGridfileNum= Get number of stringsif fileNum0form 對(duì)話框real the_PinYin_TierIndex_in_TextGrid 0real the_ShengYun_TierI

30、ndex_in_TextGrid 0real the_Stress_TierIndex_in_TextGrid 0real the_Break_TierIndex_in_TextGrid 0endformpinYintierNum= the_PinYin_TierIndex_in_TextGridshengYuntierNum= the_ShengYun_TierIndex_in_TextGridstresstierNum= the_Stress_TierIndex_in_TextGridbreaktierNum= the_Break_TierIndex_in_TextGridfor ifil

31、e to fileNumselect Strings listfileName$ = Get string. ifilenewFileName$ = fileName$ - .TextGridtextGridFileName$= newFileName$ +.TextGridtextGridFileName$ = dirPath$ +textGridFileName$saveFileName$= newFileName$ +_TextGrid.txtsaveFileName$ = dirPath$ +saveFileName$filedelete saveFileName$fileappend

32、 saveFileName$ 文件名fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)名稱fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)起點(diǎn)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)末點(diǎn)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)時(shí)長(zhǎng)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 聲母名稱fileapp

33、end saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 聲母起點(diǎn)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 聲母末點(diǎn)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 聲母時(shí)長(zhǎng)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 韻母名稱fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 韻母起點(diǎn)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileap

34、pend saveFileName$ 韻母末點(diǎn)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 韻母時(shí)長(zhǎng)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)底層調(diào)類fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)表層調(diào)類fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)重音層級(jí)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$

35、音節(jié)左邊界層級(jí)fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ 音節(jié)右邊界層級(jí)fileappend saveFileName$ newline$Read from file. textGridFileName$select TextGrid newFileName$pinYinDataNumber=0breakDataNumber=0if pinYintierNum0dd=Is interval tier. pinYintierNumif dd=1intervalNum= Get number of intervals. pinYintier

36、Numfor interNum from 1 to intervalNumpinYinDatalabelinterNum$=Get label of interval. pinYintierNum interNumpinYinDatalBeginterNum=Get starting point. pinYintierNum interNumpinYinDataEndinterNum=Get end point. pinYintierNum interNumendforendifpinYinDataNumber=intervalNumendifif breaktierNum0dd=Is int

37、erval tier. breaktierNumif dd=0intervalNum= Get number of points. breaktierNumfor interNum from 1 to intervalNumbreakDatalabelinterNum$= Get label of point. breaktierNum interNumbreakDataTimeinterNum=Get time of point. breaktierNum interNumendforendifbreakDataNumber=intervalNumendifif pinYinDataNumb

38、er0for interNum from 1 to pinYinDataNumberfileappend saveFileName$ textGridFileName$fileappend saveFileName$ ,lN$=pinYinDatalabelinterNum$fileappend saveFileName$ lN$fileappend saveFileName$ ,bT=pinYinDatalBeginterNumfileappend saveFileName$ bTfileappend saveFileName$ ,eT=pinYinDataEndinterNumfileap

39、pend saveFileName$ eTfileappend saveFileName$ ,sL=pinYinDataEndinterNum-pinYinDatalBeginterNumfileappend saveFileName$ sLfileappend saveFileName$ ,if shengYuntierNum 0shengBig=bT+0.005shengInterNum= Get interval at time. shengYuntierNum shengBigshengMulabel$= Get label of interval. shengYuntierNum s

40、hengInterNumshengMuBeg=Get starting point. shengYuntierNum shengInterNumshengMuEnd=Get end point. shengYuntierNum shengInterNumsL=shengMuEnd-shengMuBegfileappend saveFileName$ shengMulabel$fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ shengMuBegfileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$

41、 shengMuEndfileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ sLfileappend saveFileName$ ,yunEnd=eT-0.005yunInterNum= Get interval at time. shengYuntierNum yunEndyunMulabel$= Get label of interval. shengYuntierNum yunInterNumyunMuBeg=Get starting point. shengYuntierNum yunInterNumyunMuEnd=Get end po

42、int. shengYuntierNum yunInterNumsL=yunMuEnd-yunMuBegfileappend saveFileName$ yunMulabel$fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ yunMuBegfileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ yunMuEndfileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ sLfileappend saveFileName$ ,diaoD$=right$(l

43、N$,1)diaoZi$=if diaoD$=0 or diaoD$=1 or diaoD$=2 or diaoD$=3 or diaoD$=4 ordiaoD$=5diaoZi$=diaoD$fileappend saveFileName$ diaoD$fileappend saveFileName$ ,elsediaoD$=fileappend saveFileName$ diaoD$fileappend saveFileName$ ,endifdiaoD$=right$(yunMulabel$,1)if diaoD$=0 or diaoD$=1 or diaoD$=2 or diaoD$

44、=3 or diaoD$=4 ordiaoD$=5fileappend saveFileName$ diaoD$fileappend saveFileName$ ,elsefileappend saveFileName$ diaoZi$fileappend saveFileName$ ,endifendifif stresstierNum 0stresslabel$=0midPoint=(eT-bT)/2+bTstressInterNum= Get interval at time. stresstierNum midPointstresslabel$= Get label of interv

45、al. stresstierNum stressInterNumfileappend saveFileName$ stresslabel$fileappend saveFileName$ ,endifif breakDataNumber0begBreak$=0endBreak$=0for j from 1 to breakDataNumberif breakDataTimej=bTbegBreak$=breakDatalabelj$endifendforfor j from 1 to breakDataNumberif breakDataTimej=eTendBreak$=breakDatal

46、abelj$endifendforif interNum =1begBreak$=4endifif interNum =pinYinDataNumberendBreak$=4endiffileappend saveFileName$ begBreak$fileappend saveFileName$ ,fileappend saveFileName$ endBreak$fileappend saveFileName$ ,endiffileappend saveFileName$ newline$endforendifselect TextGrid newFileName$Removeendfo

47、rselect Strings listRemoveendifexit（八）修改一個(gè)音段的共振峰特性以得到一個(gè)新的聲音# 點(diǎn)擊主窗口的Control 菜單下的New praat script 按鈕，以建立一個(gè)新的腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口，然后將腳本語(yǔ)言拷貝到腳本語(yǔ)言編輯窗口中；# 然后在對(duì)象列表窗口選定一個(gè)準(zhǔn)備修改其共振峰特性的聲音文件（請(qǐng)使用單元音的聲音）；# 然后點(diǎn)擊腳本編輯器上的Run 菜單下的Run 按鈕，以執(zhí)行本程序；# 執(zhí)行中會(huì)彈出一個(gè)對(duì)話框：# 在彈出的對(duì)話框里輸入合適的共振峰頻率和帶寬數(shù)據(jù)，如上圖1 區(qū)所示的位置，這要根據(jù)目標(biāo)聲音對(duì)象的共振峰模式來(lái)確定；# 如果您不知道如何輸入對(duì)話框里

48、的數(shù)據(jù)，請(qǐng)您在彈出的對(duì)話框的最下一行Get these values from an existed sound 之前的復(fù)選框里打上對(duì)鉤，如上圖2 區(qū)所示；# 設(shè)置好之后，請(qǐng)按上圖3 區(qū)所示的“OK”按鈕提交運(yùn)行；# 如果您在復(fù)選框里打上對(duì)鉤，那么程序接下來(lái)會(huì)暫停，顯示一個(gè)對(duì)話框，要求您在對(duì)象列表窗口里選定一個(gè)目標(biāo)聲音對(duì)象，并使用聲音編輯器來(lái)顯示目標(biāo)聲音的共振峰數(shù)據(jù)，并將游標(biāo)定位到擬參考的位置上；# 然后您再按彈出對(duì)話框的Continue按鈕，繼續(xù)執(zhí)行；# 程序運(yùn)行結(jié)束以后，會(huì)在對(duì)象列表窗口中生成一個(gè)新的聲音對(duì)象；這個(gè)新的聲音對(duì)象是在修改了原始聲音對(duì)象的共振峰數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上，使用聲源-濾波器合成

49、的，即根據(jù)原始聲音的聲源特性，加上目標(biāo)聲音的共鳴特性而生產(chǎn)的新聲音，如采取這個(gè)程序可以將/i/轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?a/，或者將/a/轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?i/等等。form 對(duì)話框positive F1_frequency_(Hz) 500positive F1_Bandwidth_(Hz) 50positive F2_frequency_(Hz) 1500positive F2_Bandwidth_(Hz) 50positive F3_frequency_(Hz) 2500positive F3_Bandwidth_(Hz) 50positive F4_frequency_(Hz) 3500positive F4_B

50、andwidth_(Hz) 50positive F5_frequency_(Hz) 4500positive F5_Bandwidth_(Hz) 50boolean Get_these_values_from_an_existed_sound 0endformsoundYN$=selected$(Sound)Resample. 10000 50To Formant (burg). 0 5 5000 0.025 50Down to FormantTiersoundYReN$=soundYN$+_10000select Sound soundYReN$To LPC (burg). 10 0.02

51、5 0.005 50select Sound soundYReN$plus LPC soundYReN$Filter (inverse)soundSN$=soundYReN$+_sRename. soundSN$select LPC soundYReN$Removeselect Formant soundYReN$Removeselect FormantTier soundYReN$formantTierN$=selected$(FormantTier)getData=get_these_values_from_an_existed_soundif getData=0ffa=f1_freque

52、ncyfba=f1_Bandwidthffb=f2_frequencyfbb=f2_Bandwidthffc=f3_frequencyfbc=f3_Bandwidthffd=f4_frequencyfbd=f4_Bandwidthffe=f5_frequencyfbe=f5_Bandwidthendifif getData=1pause 打開(kāi)一聲音對(duì)象,并用游標(biāo)定位共振峰!soundN$=selected$(Sound)editor Sound soundN$ffa=Get first formantfba=Get first bandwidthffb=Get second formantfbb=Get second bandwidthffc=Get third formantfbc=Get third bandwidthffd=Get fourth formantfbd=Get fourth bandwidthffe=Get formant. 5fbe=Get bandwidth. 5endeditorendifselect FormantTier formantTierN$pN=Get number of pointstS=Get time fr