初中英語五種基本句型總結(jié)課件60841PPT課件

1、英語五種基本句型：英語五種基本句型：基本句型一基本句型一: : + + （主謂）（主謂）基本句型二基本句型二: : + + + +（主系表）（主系表）基本句型三基本句型三: : + + + +O O （主謂賓）（主謂賓）基本句型四基本句型四: : + + + +IOIO + +O O（主謂間賓（主謂間賓 直賓）直賓）基本句型五：基本句型五： + + + +O O + +（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）第1頁/共38頁 1.They work hard. 主 + 謂 2.Plants need water. 主 + 謂 + 賓 3.The flower is dead. 主 + 系 + 表 4.He

2、 gives me some seeds. 主 + 謂 + 直賓 + 間賓 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)第2頁/共38頁1.She sings.2.She sings songs.3.She is a singer.4.She sang him a song.5.She asked him to sing too.第3頁/共38頁1、Toms sister,Mary,sings wery well.2, Every morning she sings folk songs at the top of her v

3、oice near the window.3, If she works hard, she may become a famous singer some day.第4頁/共38頁4,Every morning,she sings countless songs to her brother,and give him no peace.5,Sometimes,naughty Mary would ask her angry brother to sing together with her.第5頁/共38頁 基本句型基本句型 一一 + +（主謂）（主謂）此句型的句子有一個共同特點，即句子的謂

4、語動詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。第6頁/共38頁walk. look. swim. go. come. work. run, live. stay , arrive .go to , look at, listen to The sun was shining. The moon rose. 第7頁/共38頁 We all breathe, eat, and drink. He runs in the park. They talked for half an hour. The pen writes smoothly. Bir

5、ds fly. Class begins. They also play together after school. 第8頁/共38頁He often runs in the morning. He often walks after supper.He always swims in summer. Flowers grow in spring. He is lying under the tree. I live far away from school.We travel by bicycle.第9頁/共38頁 I get there at eight. The bus goes al

6、ong Yuhua Road.The wind is blowing.The days start before 6 oclock.The bus stopped at the station.They live on the ninth floor.My eyes hurt.The students study hard. The sun shines in summer.第10頁/共38頁 基本句型基本句型 二二 + + + +O O （主謂賓）（主謂賓） 共同特點是：謂語動詞都具有實義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫

7、做及物動詞及物動詞。第11頁/共38頁1. Who 2. She 3. He 4. He 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 8. He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts.to have a cup of tea. Good morning. 第12頁/共38頁Who knows the answer? She smiled her thanks. He has refused to help them. He

8、enjoys reading. They ate three apples. 第13頁/共38頁He said Good morning. I want to have a cup of tea. He often plays football.I have two brothers. He never rides his bicycle to school We watch television after supper 第14頁/共38頁Stop talking. She likes her job.Birds are making their nests. My father read

9、the book.They want to go. I know him very well Many people like traveling by bus. 第15頁/共38頁You must listen to me. Look at the blackboard.I get on the bus.He looks after his brother.They put up a new hospital.第16頁/共38頁基本句型基本句型 三三（主系表）（主系表）共同的特點： 句子謂語動詞都不能表達(dá)一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這

10、類動詞叫做連系動詞連系動詞。第17頁/共38頁1、表示情況或狀態(tài)：（1）、be, keep, seem,appear 狀態(tài)（2）、feel,smell, sound,taste look,等感官動詞變化而來（3）、keep,stay,continue,remain,go rise不及物動詞變化而來。第18頁/共38頁2、表示主語變化過程：get, grow, become, turn，go, come等。be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用。其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義。第19頁/共38頁 This is an English-Chinese dictionary. The dinn

11、er smells good. He fell in love. Everything looks different. He is growing tall and strong. The trouble is that they are short of money. 第20頁/共38頁Our well has gone dry. His face turned red. It is an apple. Im thirteen years old.They are in the park. The tall man is my father.Im poor at English. 第21頁

12、/共38頁The food tastes nicer,It gets warmer and warmer. The days are longer.He became a scientist. His face goes red. 第22頁/共38頁 基本句型基本句型 四四 （主謂間賓 直賓） 共同特點：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是動作的直接承受者，另一個是動作的間接承受者。表示動作是“對著誰”，“為了誰”做的，往往指人。怎樣才能知道動作是“為了誰”還是“對著誰”，那就要根據(jù)間接賓語是表示動作的方向還是動作的目的來定。 第23頁/共38頁pass, give,

13、offer, lend, send, sell, show,bring, hand, tell, return,write,pay,teach,promise等動詞表示方向，即動作是“對著誰”，后的間接賓語前用to,構(gòu)成sth + to sb. 如: lend the book to me. The old man gave the apple to the boy .第24頁/共38頁buy, build,make, do, fetch, get, play, save, cook, sing, find, 動詞后的間接賓語是表示目的，即動作是“為了誰”做的，后用sth + for sb.結(jié)

14、構(gòu)。 My brother bought a dictionary for me. My mother made a cake for me.第25頁/共38頁間接賓語通常位于直接賓語之前，即：動詞+間賓+直賓He gave me an apple.She bought her daughter a new bike.He told us an old story.Lao Li cooked a nice dinner.第26頁/共38頁He gave me a pen.=He gave a pen to me. She made me a cake.=She made a cake for

15、me. He will buy some books for me. He gave a nice present to her yesterday.Her mother bought a new watch for her last week.第27頁/共38頁但當(dāng)直接賓語是人稱代詞，間接賓語是名詞時，或兩個賓語都是人稱代詞時，間接賓語位于直接賓語之后，這時在間接賓語前必須加to或for.如： I pass it to my mother. She threw them to me. 關(guān)鍵是牢記只能接to和for 的動詞。第28頁/共38頁I showed him my pictures.

16、I gave my car a wash.I told him that the bus was late. She passed him a new dress.She cooked her a delicious meal. 第29頁/共38頁 She brought her husband a dictionary. He bought you nothing. I showed her my pictures.I gave him a hand. I told him how to run the machine.第30頁/共38頁 基本句型基本句型 五五 + +O +（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）

17、共同特點是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意完整。第31頁/共38頁They made her happy. I saw her dance. I found the movie interesting. He left the door open. He asked me to come back. I saw them getting on the bus.第32頁/共38頁1、動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時有三種情況： 1）、在ask, tell, invite, force, get, allow, help, wish, want

18、, like, hate, prefer等動詞后，應(yīng)用帶to的不定式。 2）、在感官動詞see, hear, watch,listen to, notice, feel, look at,和使役動詞have, make, let 后，不定式不帶to. 3)、help 后的賓語補(bǔ)足語可帶to 也可不帶。第33頁/共38頁2、常用分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：see, watch, notice, hear, feel, make, have, get, keep, find等。3、現(xiàn)分和過分作賓補(bǔ)時有區(qū)別：“賓語+現(xiàn)分”在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系；“賓語+過分”在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系。 I saw someone knoking at the door. I saw the door knocked at.第34頁/共38頁They painted the door green. I found the boy sitt