江蘇蘇州姑蘇區(qū)2015-2016學(xué)年第二學(xué)期初一英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)《完形填空》

1、2015-2016學(xué)年第二學(xué)期初一英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)完形填空【方法點(diǎn)睛】（一）英語(yǔ)完形填空解題步驟 完形填空是在語(yǔ)篇中測(cè)試學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)、閱讀、思維、判斷能力的綜合性試題，是一種要求高、難度大、區(qū)分度高的題型。做完形填空題應(yīng)該遵循怎樣的步驟呢？1通讀全文，了解大意，重視首句，把握主旨 完形填空題不同于單項(xiàng)選擇題，它所給的是一篇意義完整的短文，一般沒(méi)有文章標(biāo)題，首句一般不留空格，是個(gè)完整的句子。全文信息從首句開(kāi)始，細(xì)讀首句，可判斷出文章的體裁，預(yù)測(cè)短文的大意和主旨，理出正確的思維導(dǎo)向，因此讀懂首句是關(guān)鍵。然后，通讀全文，對(duì)短文內(nèi)容有大體了解和掌握。 (1)做完形填空題時(shí)，一定要通讀一遍全文，對(duì)全文內(nèi)容、作者

2、觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度、文體等各方面有個(gè)宏觀了解。切勿為了“省時(shí)”而邊看邊填，否則一定是欲速而不達(dá)，因?yàn)檫@樣不僅失誤率高，且費(fèi)時(shí)不少。 (2)注意動(dòng)詞、介詞、冠詞等固定搭配，以及習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)及用法；注意句子成分及結(jié)構(gòu)。 (3)注意借助常識(shí)及所學(xué)過(guò)的科學(xué)、文學(xué)、歷史、地理、天文等非語(yǔ)言知識(shí)。 (4)注意上下文的明示與暗示。2逐句細(xì)讀，邊讀邊選 通讀全文后就可以在細(xì)讀的基礎(chǔ)上完成填空。 (1)要細(xì)心謹(jǐn)慎，逐句地細(xì)讀和分析，每填一空都要注意形義恰當(dāng)和前后照應(yīng)。 (2)做題時(shí)要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)和利用文中的信息句，從字里行間尋求啟示。因?yàn)樵~與詞、句與句之間都是靠一定的語(yǔ)法關(guān)系和固定詞語(yǔ)的搭配而聯(lián)系在一起的，所以可根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)

3、意來(lái)選擇與前后句有聯(lián)系的名詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。 (3)在選擇中應(yīng)遵循先易后難的原則，對(duì)有把握的選項(xiàng)可一錘定音，如果遇到一時(shí)難以確定的答案可先不填，先去做后面的或有把握的，待填完其他空白后，再回過(guò)來(lái)做前面的，有時(shí)前后空白形成互相提示和補(bǔ)充。 (4)根據(jù)短文的主題及中心思想，領(lǐng)會(huì)短文的精神實(shí)質(zhì)，綜合思考，推斷出正確答案。此類(lèi)試題空格一般出現(xiàn)在短文的末尾，用來(lái)概括人物的個(gè)性特點(diǎn)、作者意圖、全文主題等。3重讀全文，核實(shí)答案 所有的答案選出之后，應(yīng)再讀全文，對(duì)所選的答案進(jìn)行核實(shí)和調(diào)整。經(jīng)過(guò)第二步的逐句推敲之后，對(duì)短文內(nèi)容的理解會(huì)更為深刻。 (1)在第二步時(shí)，有些難解或誤解的問(wèn)題很容易暴露出來(lái)

4、，這時(shí)需要穩(wěn)定情緒，進(jìn)入狀態(tài)。 (2)注意檢查文意是否通順、語(yǔ)法等是否正確，邏輯是否合乎推理，以確保填空正確無(wú)誤。（二）完形填空解題過(guò)程中的六大推測(cè)手段 在完形填空解題過(guò)程中，對(duì)語(yǔ)篇的重視度非常高，在語(yǔ)篇中測(cè)試學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)、閱讀、思維、判斷能力的綜合性試題，需要邏輯推理的地方有很多，下面為考生提供幾個(gè)比較有效的推測(cè)手段。1根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推測(cè)。 注意上下文的邏輯聯(lián)系和文章的邏輯關(guān)系是做好完形填空題的關(guān)鍵，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上，聯(lián)系上下文，運(yùn)用邏輯思維進(jìn)行比較、判斷，找出既符合詞義、句意，又符合上下文語(yǔ)境的合理的答案。2根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行推測(cè)。 語(yǔ)篇一般是指比單一句子長(zhǎng)的語(yǔ)言單位，

5、如句群、段落、篇章等。語(yǔ)篇和語(yǔ)篇之間往往有標(biāo)明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語(yǔ)，這些詞語(yǔ)成為“語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志”。如：表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的firstly，secondly等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的therefore，so，but等；表示話題改變的by the way等。在做完形填空題時(shí)，應(yīng)充分利用這些語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志，這樣就可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文之間的關(guān)系。3根據(jù)文化背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè)。 完形填空題考查的知識(shí)面較廣，從文化、科普到歷史、地理，從風(fēng)俗人情到民俗習(xí)慣等，無(wú)所不考。考生在做這類(lèi)題時(shí)，要特別注意中西文化所存在的差異。具備了一定的文化背景知識(shí)，才能準(zhǔn)確地判斷正確答案。4根據(jù)常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷。 中學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握了較豐富的科學(xué)和生活

6、常識(shí)，也具備了一定的判斷能力。在考查語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能的同時(shí)，考查這些簡(jiǎn)單的常識(shí)性的問(wèn)題，也是對(duì)學(xué)生知識(shí)面的檢測(cè)。5根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè)。 對(duì)于考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的題目，不僅要理解上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，更要有針對(duì)性地對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析，并根據(jù)其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和句式特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行合理推測(cè)，從而迅速解決問(wèn)題。6運(yùn)用詞匯知識(shí)推測(cè)答案。 完形填空題對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的考查，主要集中在詞語(yǔ)的搭配和同義詞的辨析兩大方面。要做好這類(lèi)題目，不但要有較大的詞匯量、較強(qiáng)的詞匯搭配能力，以及在語(yǔ)句中理解詞義的能力，而且做題時(shí)要結(jié)合上下文的語(yǔ)境，確定詞的意義?！靖叻滞黄啤?“完形填空(Close test)”是初中英語(yǔ)試題中固定而重要的題型

7、。它是一種障礙性的測(cè)試題，在一定程度上考查考生的閱讀能力、邏輯推理能力、分析歸納能力和綜合判斷能力。在整份試卷中所占的分值較重，占10%10%，長(zhǎng)度一般在180280個(gè)單詞左右。 完形填空要求填入的詞主要有：構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)和用法區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；名詞和介詞；根據(jù)上下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的形容詞、副詞、代詞和連詞；同義詞、近義詞等易混詞?？疾橐詫?shí)詞為主，兼顧虛詞和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。難點(diǎn)主要集中在根據(jù)上下文作出正確判斷的詞的用法上。示例1 In England, people often 1 the weather because they can experience(經(jīng)歷) four seasons

8、 in one day. In the morning the weather is warm just 2 in spring. An hour later black 3 come and then it rains 4 . In the late afternoon the sky will be 5 . The sun will begin 6 , and it will be summer at this time of a day. In England, people can also have summer in winter, or have winter in summer

9、. So in winter they can swim sometimes, and in summer sometimes they should 7 warm clothes. When you go to England, you 8 that some English people usually take an umbrella or a raincoat 9 them on a sunny day, but you should not laugh at them. 10 you don't take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will

10、 regret (后悔) later in England.1. A. talk to B. talk with C. talk about2. A. like B. likes C. liked3. A. clouds B. cloud C. snow4. A. big B. heavy C. heavily5. A. rainy B. sunny C. snowy6. A. to shine B. shine C. to shining7. A. put on B. wear Cin8Asaw Bsees Cwill see9Awith Bfor Cto10ABefore BIf CAft

11、er思路導(dǎo)引 這篇短文主要介紹了英國(guó)的天氣特點(diǎn)以及人們與之相適應(yīng)的生活習(xí)慣。解題點(diǎn)悟1C短語(yǔ)辨析。A與談話；B與交談；C談?wù)撃呈隆＝Y(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指的是人們常常談?wù)撎鞖?，故選C。2A結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指的是，就像是在春天。本句中l(wèi)ike用作介詞，表示像一樣，故沒(méi)有詞形變化，選A。3A聯(lián)系后半句描述，可知此處指的是烏云飄過(guò)來(lái)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞come，可知主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，故選A。4C結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指的是雨下得很大。故用副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾rain，選C，沉重地，猛烈地。5B聯(lián)系后一句描述，可知在午后天氣會(huì)放晴。故選B，晴朗的。6A聯(lián)系后半句描述，可知此處指的是太陽(yáng)開(kāi)始照耀。begin后面接不定式作賓

12、語(yǔ)表示開(kāi)始做某事，故選A，照耀，閃耀。7B動(dòng)詞辨析。wear通常指穿著衣服的狀態(tài)，put on通常指穿衣的動(dòng)作，in后面可以接顏色，也是表示穿衣的狀態(tài)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知選B。8C聯(lián)系前文從句，可知此處指的是，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些英國(guó)人通常帶著一把雨傘或者一件雨衣。故選C。9A介詞辨析。A伴隨，和在一起；B為了，對(duì)于；C到，向。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知雨傘雨衣和他們是伴隨關(guān)系。故選A。10B連詞辨析。A在之前；B是否，如果；C在之后。聯(lián)系下文，可知此處指的是，如果你不帶傘或者雨衣，故選B?！咎醿?yōu)訓(xùn)練】（一） Mrs. Smith was looking at the show window of a shop sell

13、ing shirts. She wanted to buy a 1 for Mr. Smith, her husband. There were so many beautiful shirts that she couldn't decide 2 . At last, she chose one and bought it home. While Mr. Smith was reading a newspaper. she showed him the shirt. She wanted to know whether it would fit her husband or not.

14、 Her husband 3 the shirt. But it didn't fit him 4 . It was both too long and too big. Then Mrs. Smith washed it in order to make it become smaller. But the shirt 5 didn't fit him. Now it was too small for him. She asked Tom, his son, to 6 and he did so. The shirt didn't fit him, 7 . Then

15、 the woman began to wash the shirt once more to make it 8 . But this time the shirt became too short after she washed it again. Now the little girl, her daughter was 9 when her mother dressed her in the shirt. Why? Because it was too large, she didn't like it at all. None of them knew 10 . Mrs.

16、Smith felt so upset.1. A. shirt B. shoes C. clothes D. short2. A. she chose which one B. to choose which one C. that which one she chose D. which one to choose3. A. tried on B. tried out C. wore D. put on4. A. not at all B. at all C. any longer D. any more5. A. usually B. still C. ever D. always6. A

17、. put on it B. put it on C. have on it D. have it on7. A. also B. too C. as well as D. either8. A. smaller B. bigger C. the smallest D. the biggest9. A. happy B. nervous C. worried D. unhappy10. A. how to do with B. what to do C. when to do D. how to do（二） Sharks are among the oldest animals in the

18、world. There are 1 three hundred and fifty different kinds of sharks in the world. Most sharksare about two meters 2 , and they live in 3 waters, but some invery cold areas. Most sharks live in the oceans. A shark can smell a small amount (量) of things in the water, for example, the blood of animals

19、. That helps them find their 4 . Sharks eat fish, 5 sharks and plants in the ocean. Some sharks can eat just about 6 . Sharks grow slowly. About 40% of the different kinds of sharks lay (產(chǎn)卵) eggs. The others give birth to live young. Some sharks carry their 7 inside their bodies. Most sharks bite pe

20、ople by mistake. They think a 8 is a large sea animal. When the sun goes down or comes up, sharks are 9 food. So at these times people 10 go swimming in the ocean. Each year, bees, snakes and elephants kill (殺死) more people than sharks do.1. A. over B. under C. some D. behind2. A. wide B. tall C. hi

21、gh D. long3. A. cool B. warm C. sunny D. windy4. A. food B. eggs C. children D. friends5. A. else B. others C. other D. another6. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. things7. A. small B. big C. old D. young8. A. plant B. fish C. boat D. person9. A. looking at B. looking for C. looking over D. wat

22、ching10. A. should B. shouldn't C. can D. would（三） It is a fine Sunday. Jenny and her mother are on the l . They want to go to 2 . There are many children on it. Their parents are telling stories to 3 . An old man gets 4 the bus. He has no seat(座位) to sit in. Jenny asks him to sit in her seat. T

23、he old man 5 Jenny. There are two foreigners（外國(guó)人）on the bus. They want to go to the Great Wall, too. But they 6 speak Chinese. Jenny talks to them in English. She tells them Beijing is a big city 7 a long history. And the Palace Museum is very famous, too. She tells stories 8 the Palace Museum. At t

24、he same time they learn about a lot of Chinese culture (文化) from Jenny. They think the stories are 9 and they want to visit other places of interest in China soon. Can their dream 10 ? Of course.1. A. train B. bus C. plane D. car2. A. hutong B. Tian'anmen Square C. the Great Wall D. Wangfujin3.

25、A. them B. they C. me D. him4. A. up B. on C. dressed D. in5. A. says B. talks C. shows D. thanks6. A. can B. can't C. must D. need to7. A. at B. in C. with D. has8. A. to B. about C. or D. with9. A. boring B. relaxed C. afraid D. interesting10. A. think of B. come on C. come true D. get to（四） M

26、r. Smith is my English teacher. He 1 from Singapore (新加坡).Mr. Smith is 35 years old. He can 2 English and Chinese. He is good with us, so we all like 3 . He tells us Singapore is a beautiful 4 . There is a zoo named Night Safari in the city. It's very 5 . Mr. Smith often goes to the zoo to see t

27、he animals with his children on weekends. Mr. Smith lives at 87 King Street. In the morning, Mr. Smith goes to work 6 his children go to school. Mr. Smith always takes them to school every day. Mrs. Smith stays at home every day. She does the housework. She always eats her lunch at home. 7 the after

28、noon, she usually visits her friends. They often drink tea together. In the evening, Mr. Smith and his children come home from 8 . At night, the children always d0 9 homework Then they go to bed. Mr. Smith usually 10 his newspaper. But sometimes he and his wife watch television.l. A. come B. is C. a

29、re D. be2. A. speak B. say C. tell D. talk3. A. he B. his C. him D. himself4. A. country B. countriesC. beach D. city5. A. interest B. interested C. interests D. interesting6. A. but B. and C. or D. so7. A. From B. On C. At D. In8. A. school B. home C. park D. zoo9. A. his B. her C. their D. theirs1

30、0. A. looks B. watches C. sees D. reads（五） I live in Cairo in Africa (非洲). Cairo is the capital of Egyptand the largest city in the Arab world. I work in a small shop.The shop is near a native(當(dāng)?shù)氐? 1 . Every day, many students come to 2 things.In the 3 , I get up at six. And then I have breakfast. I

31、 get to the 4 at about seven fifty. The shop opens at eight o'clock. We sell things like food and 5 . We have a lot of school things, 6 . So 7 people often come to our shop from 8 to evening. I have 9 in the shop. At seven in the evening the shop is closed. I go home 10 supper. Sometimes I go to

32、 visit the Pyramids（金字塔）. It's great!1. A. farm B. factory C. school D. river2. A. buy B. sell C. take D. want3. A. evening B. afternoon C. noon D. morning4. A. classroom B. school C. shop D. club5. A. think B. drink C. drinking D. thank6. A. too B. also C. and D. but7. A. much B. many C. lot of

33、 D. a lots of8. A. morning B. afternoon C. noon D. breakfast9. A. supper B. breakfast C. tea D. lunch10. A. to B. atC. with D. for（六）Rowan Atkinson wants to retire (退休) now! He will no longer play the character Mr. Bean. Do you 1 the movie Mr. Bean(憨豆先生 )? I like this movie. It's a funny 2 . The

34、 actor is Rowan Atkinson, a great 3 star. He often makes people 4 in The movie. Mr. Bean is a lovely and funny man. He often 5 wrong(錯(cuò)的)things, 6 people like him. He 7 drive a yellow minicar and he often takes a Teddy Bear 8 him. He acts the story from our 9 . My friends and 10 like him very much.1.

35、 A. know B. read C. watch D. look2. A. thriller B. documentary C. comedy D. action movie3. A. running B. TV C. singing D. movie4. A. sad B. happy C. exciting D. boring5. A do B. does C. doesn't do D. does do6. A. and B. but C. or D. too7. A. like B. like to C. likes D. likes to8. A. for B. to C.

36、 with D. at9. A. life B. homes C. schools D. classes10. A. he B. me C. him D. I（七）Ann is having a birthday party. There is a 1 with candles on the table. Some people bring birthday presents. Ann is so 2 ! Let's look at children's birthdays in some different countries 3 the world. Argentina（阿

37、根廷) : Ear pulling. Now 4 is Jim's birthday, and people are pulling his ear. Jim is thirteen years old this year. They pull his ear 5 times. Denmark (丹麥): Flags. Now it is Tom's birthday in Denmark. You 6 see a flag flying outside a window of his home. Israel(以色列): Chair lifting. The small ch

38、ild 7 in a chair. People lift the chair up and down one time for 8 year of the child's age. Philippines (非律賓): Colored lights. Some people 9 colored lights outside their homes. Russia(俄羅斯): Birthday pies. Many Russian 10 get a birthday pie, not a birthday cake.1. A. cake B. bowl C. drum D. pear2

39、. A. sad B. ugly C. clever D. happy3. A. during B. around C. across D. between4. A. it B. this C. she D. he5. A. eight B. ten C. eleven D. thirteen6. A. needn't B. can C. may D. don't7. A. sleeps B. stands C. sits D. lies8. A. each B. much C. all D. many9. A. make B. sell C. put D. draw10. A

40、. parents B. children C. brothers D. sisters（八）Hi! My name is Hye-seung Hyun. I am 13 years old. I livewith my sister and 1 in Seoul (首爾), the capital. We eat 2 at 7:30. On weekdays, we eat a Korean-style (韓式 ) breakfast. But on theweekend, my mother 3 American food for us. I go to school 4 bus with

41、 my sister every day. We have a short time to 5 in the morning after we arrive at school. We have different lessons 6 . Today, we have English 7 art. I come home early today because there 8 an event(事情) in my school. My school 9 usually ends at 3:00 o'clock in the afternoon. My sister and I 10 t

42、o swimming lessons after school.1. A. uncles B. aunts C. cousins D. parents2. A. breakfast B. lunch C. supper D. rice3. A. draws B. cooks C. takes D. sells4. A. on B. in C. by D. at5. A. reading B. read C. plays D. playing6. A. at home B. in hospital C. at school D. in bed7. A. or B. and C. but D. s

43、o8. A. am B. are C. is D. has9. A. week B. year C. month D. day10. A. go B. goes C. came D. comes（九）Afternoon TeaJim, my friend, is from London. He likes to eat Afternoon Tea(下午茶）. This is a small meal, not a drink. The food in England is different from 1 Chinese food. In China, we often eat dumplin

44、gs, noodles or some rice. But the people 2 eat lots of potatoes. Theylike to eat 3 every day. And they often eat bread 4 breakfast. They like the bread 5 butter, cheese or jam. We don't like to eat them 6 in China. The people in England 7 drink a lot of milk in the morning. And they like cold mi

45、lk. 8 they put it in their tea. There are many tea drinkers in the 9 . At their dinner, 10 the main meal they always have some dessert.1. A. we B. our C. ours D. their2. A. here B. in England C. in China D. there3. A. it B. food C. them D. theirs4. A. at B. of C. for D. with5. A. with B. on C. in D.

46、 about6. A. very much B. lots of C. a lots of D. on7. A. also B. too C. like D. likes8. A. Always B. Very C. Sometimes D. Much9. A. world B. town C. school D. country10. A. as soon as B. after C. when D. why（十）13歲的美國(guó)“企業(yè)家”Madison Stump is 13 years old. She is an entrepreneur (企業(yè)家) in the USA. She has

47、 a 1 business, PaperAgain. Madison lives in a "green" family. One day Madison thought, " 2 not use old boxes and paper to make beautiful notebooks? And I can 3 them to help people in need. " That night Madison made her 4 notebook, and she used an empty gum(口香糖) box 5 a cover. Mad

48、ison's first customer (顧客) is 6 sister. Then all Madison's school friends want to buy her 7 .Madison's dad has a 8 idea. They start a website, PaperAgain. com. They sell 9 notebooks online. Now her notebooks are selling at the 10 in her hometown.1. A. red B. white C. green D. black2. A.

49、Why B. What C. When D. Who3. A. buy B. show C. take D. sell4. A. first B. one C. last D. two5. A. with B. to C. at D. for6. A. his B. her C. your D. my7. A. notebooks B. clothes C. toys D. knives8. A. bad B. funny C. good D. boring9. A. few B. these C. little D. much10. A. school B. bank C. hospital

50、 D. store（十一）My parents and I love traveling very much. Now we are in a country of 1 and windmills (風(fēng)車(chē)). It is the Netherlands. There are 2 than 2,000 windmills in the Netherlands. They still 3 on the farms. About 20% of its land 4 from the sea. The tulip（郁金香）is a symbol （標(biāo)志）of the 5 People celebrat

51、e（慶祝）Tulip Festival every 6 . There are a lot of 7 in this country. You can enjoy good milk and cheese here. Yum People here love to ride 8 bikes. What do Dutch kids do 9 they pass their exams? They often hang(懸掛) a school bag and a national flag 10 the gate! Come and have a good time in the Netherl

52、ands!1. A. cars B. flowers C. buses D. trees2. A. much B. more C. fewer D. many3. A. sleep B. live C. work D. enjoy4. A. comes B. are C. go D. gets5. A. park B. school C. farm D. country6. A. year B. day C. month D. morning7. A. monkeys B. cows C. lions D. dogs8. A. a B. an C. the D. /9. A. because B. before C. so D. when10. A. in B. on C. at D. to（十二） Every school has its own rules. In some schools in