牛津英語初中動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式綜合練習(xí)

1、 中小學(xué)1對1課外輔導(dǎo)專家精銳教育學(xué)科教師輔導(dǎo)講義教學(xué)目標(biāo)：綜合復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動(dòng)詞中的動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式教學(xué)內(nèi)容part 1 動(dòng)名詞的幾個(gè)特殊情況：1) 有些動(dòng)詞的后面能跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語，有些動(dòng)詞能跟不定式，有些兩者都可以， 它們的具體含義有時(shí)還不一樣。 能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有： consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, 等。 能跟不定式的動(dòng)詞有： decide, expect, hope, mean, want, wish, 能跟動(dòng)名詞和不定式的動(dòng)詞有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continu

2、e, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, start, 2) 動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)名詞還是不定式，含義不相同，總的來說，表示習(xí)慣的， 一般性的動(dòng)作多跟動(dòng)名詞，一次性的具體的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作多跟不定式。 i like to go with you. 我想和你一塊兒去。 i like reading. 我喜歡閱讀。 he promised to help her. 他答應(yīng)過要幫助她。 we love watching vcd. 我們喜歡看vcd。 3) remember, forget, regret后面跟動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞表示過去的動(dòng)作，后面跟不定式時(shí)，不定式表示

3、將來的動(dòng)作。 i remember meeting him in the street. 我記得在街上見過他。 i remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起來要給我父母親寫信。 4) "stop + 動(dòng)名詞"表示停止動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作， "stop + 不定式"表示停下來 做不定式所表示的動(dòng)作。 stop smoking, please. 請不要抽煙 。 let's stop to have a rest. 咱們停下來休息一下吧。 5) 動(dòng)名詞和分詞的區(qū)別： 動(dòng)名詞作定語時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞和它所修飾的詞沒

4、有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表功能。而分詞作定語時(shí)， 分詞和它所修飾的詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。 reading text 閱讀課文 動(dòng)名詞 a sleeping bag 睡袋 動(dòng)名詞 developing country 發(fā)展中國家 分詞 part 2 動(dòng)詞不定式(1) 常見帶to的動(dòng)詞有： ask , want , like, teach , allow , advise , persuade , require , tell , cause (2) 常見不帶to的動(dòng)詞有：常見感官動(dòng)詞：see , watch , hear , feel , notice 常見使役動(dòng)詞：have , make , le

5、t help sb to do sthhelp sb do sth (均可以，但用法有些微差別)注意：動(dòng)詞hope, demand, agree, suggest, insist 等不能跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。錯(cuò)誤：i hope you to come earlier tomorrow.正確：i hope you will/ can come earlier tomorrow.錯(cuò)誤：i agree you to leave early.正確：i allow you to leave early.常見的含有動(dòng)詞不定式的句式主要有以下幾種：一. it takes sb. some time （mon

6、ey）to do sth. 某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間（金錢）做某事。例如： 1. it often takes me half an hour to watch tv every evening. 每天晚上我常常用半小時(shí)看電視。 2. it took me ten yuan to buy the book last week. 上周我花了10元買那本書。 3. how long will it take them to finish the work? 完成那項(xiàng)工作需要花費(fèi)他們多少時(shí)間？ 在使用該句式要注意的是：sb. 如果代詞表示用賓格；take隨時(shí)態(tài)改變；句中的時(shí)間用段時(shí)間，對此提問用how lo

7、ng。 例：it takes us more than two hours to do our homework every day. it took us more than two hours to do our homework yesterday. it will take us more than two hours to do our homework tomorrow. how long did it take you to do your homework yesterday? 二. its time to do sth. 該做某事了，同義句為： its time for st

8、h. / doing sth. 例： its time to go to school. 該上學(xué)了。 （its time for school.） its time to get up. 該起床了。 （its time for getting up.） 此句可以擴(kuò)展為：its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的時(shí)間了。 for sb. to do sth. 是動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例： its time for me to work. 到我工作的時(shí)間了。 its time for you to go to school. 到你們上學(xué)的時(shí)間了。三. 主語be（not）

9、+adj.+enough to do sth. （某人、某物）足夠（不能）做某事。例： the boy is old enough to go to school. 這個(gè)孩子到了上學(xué)年齡。 im tall enough to reach the top of the tree. 我夠高能夠到樹頂。 1. 此句是肯定句時(shí)，可以用主besoadj.that的句型（即sothat表示的結(jié)果狀語從句）來替換。 the boy is so old that he can go to school. im so tall that i can reach the top of the tree. 2. 此

10、句是否定句式時(shí)，既可以用sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句來替換，還可以用tooto句式替換。例： he is not old enough to go to work. 他太小不能去上班。 he is so young that he cant go to work. he is too young to go to work. 再如： the box is not light enough for me to carry. 這個(gè)箱子太重我搬不動(dòng)。 the box is too heavy for me to carry. the box is so heavy that i cant carr

11、y it. 四. sb. +be ready + to do sth. （某人樂意做某事） he is always ready to help others. （他總是樂于幫助別人） im always ready to make new friends. 我總是樂于結(jié)交新朋友。五. its +adj. + for / of sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做某事例： its dangerous for children to play football in the street. 對孩子來說在街上踢足球是很危險(xiǎn)的。 its good for us to take more exe

12、rcise. 對我們來說多運(yùn)動(dòng)是有益的。 its very kind of you to say so. 你這樣說真是太好了。 its very kind of you to help me. 你真好，肯幫我。 該句式中，引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語的介詞用for還是of，主要取決于前面的形容詞。如果形容詞是描述動(dòng)詞不定式的行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的。如：kind, good, nice, wrong, right, clever, careless, foolish等，應(yīng)用of；如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物，不是對動(dòng)詞不定式的行為者的品質(zhì)進(jìn)行評價(jià)的，就用for. 常見這類形容詞有difficult, ea

13、sy, hard, important, dangerous等。 its wrong of you to do it. 你做這件事是錯(cuò)的。 its hard for you to be a lawyer. 對你來說做律師很困難。六. 主+would like / love to do sth. 喜歡（想做某事） id like to go there with you. 我很想和你一起去那。 id love i like to help you study english. 我很愿意幫你學(xué)英語。 此句式還可以擴(kuò)展為： would like / love sb. to do sth. “喜歡/想

14、讓某人做某事?！?id like you to stay here. 我想讓你留在這。 id like them to help me. 我想讓他們幫助我。七. had better do sth. （最好做） its very cold outside, youd better put on your coat. 外面很冷，你最好穿上大衣。 wed better go right now. 我們最好馬上去。 had better do 的否定式為had better not do. （在better后加not即可）例： youd better not speak when your mout

15、h is full of food. 滿嘴食物時(shí)你最好別講話。八. why dont you +動(dòng)詞原形+？（why not動(dòng)詞原形？）你為什么不？ 這本書有點(diǎn)難，為什么不讀些容易的？ this book is a bit hard, why not read something easier? its warm here, why dont you take off your coat? 這很暖和，你為什么不脫掉外衣？ there is a seat, why not sit down? 還有座位，怎么不坐下？九. would / will / could you please 動(dòng)詞原形？

16、請你好嗎？（用來請求對方為自己做某件事） would you please bring some water with you? 請你帶點(diǎn)水來好嗎？ will you please help her with her maths? 請你幫她學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)好嗎？十. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿也不愿 i prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我寧愿呆在家里，也不愿出去。 she prefers to be poor rather than get money in such a way. 她寧愿受窮也不

17、愿以這種方式掙錢。十一. its ones turn to do sth. 該輪到誰做某事了。 ones用形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格來替換。例： its my turn to be on duty. 該輪到我值日了。 its li pings turn to clean the blackboard. 該輪到李平擦黑板了。 its our turn to do the cleaning. 該輪到我們做掃除了。 its dannys turn to give a talk. 該輪到danny做報(bào)告了。十二. 主語be形容詞to do sth. 做某事如何。例： im sorry to hear

18、 that. 聽到這事很難過。 im glad to see you again. 再次見到你我很高興。part 3非謂語動(dòng)詞正誤解析1. learn english is very important to us .2. my job is teach these children .3. he will invite some friends have dinner .4. my biggest challenge is improve basketball skills .5. hear the good news, all of the students jumped up.6. he

19、 will go to hainan have a long holiday.7. he was very angry find his toy car broken.8. on my way home, i saw a big dog lie under the tree.9. its time go to school .10. tom has finished to repair his broken bike .part4 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練.1. so much work usually makes them _ very tired. a. to feelb. feelsc. feeling

20、d. feel 2. many boys and girls are made _ what theyre not _. a. to do, interestedb. to do, interested in c. do, interested ind. doing, interested 3. he asked me _ to his birthday party. a. to gob. goc. goesd. went 4. the teacher told the students _ in class. a. not talkb. dont talk c. didnt talkd. n

21、ot to talk 5. i didnt go to bed until i finished _ my homework. a. to dob. doingc. didd. do 6. he doesnt feel like _ anything today. a. to eatb. eatingc. eatd. ate 7. we saw him _ the building and go upstairs. a. to enterb. enter c. enteringd. entered 8. when i was walking in the street. i saw a pla

22、ne _ over my head. a. fliesb. flyingc. flewd. to fly 9. stop _ so much noise! father is working at the desk. a. to makeb. makingc. to heard. hearing 10. you must be very tired. why not _ a rest? a. to stop to haveb. to stop having c. stop to haved. stop having 11. im sorry, i _ my homework at home.

23、thats all right. dont forget _ it to school this afternoon. a. forget, to takeb. forget, bring c. left, to taked. left, to bring 12. wheres my letter, mum? you posted it yesterday. oh, i really forget _ it. a. postb. postsc. to postd. posting 13. i really dont know _ about it. a. what to dob. how to

24、 c. to do whatd. how can i do 14. youd better _ his computer. mine is broken. a. useb. usesc. to used. using 15. youd better _ football in the street. a. not playb. playingc. not to playd. play 16. _ you like to go shopping with me? yes, i _. a. would, wouldb. will, will like c. would, would loved.

25、would, would love to 17. the doctor often tells him _ more exercise. a. to takeb. takingc. takend. take 18. would you please tell kate _ my best wishes to everybody. a. gaveb. givingc. to gived. gives 19. cranny asked li feng _ some shopping for her. a. dob. doesc. to dod. did 20. my friend kate asked me _ to the zoo with her. a. gob. to goc. wentd. going 21. the teacher often tells jim and john _ too much time playing video games. a. not to spendb. to not spend c. dont spendd. doesnt spend 22. her mother told her _ in bed.