subjunctivemood

1、 if i were a boy if i were a boy even just for a day id roll outta bed in the morning and throw on what i wanted then go drink beer with the guys and chase after girls id kick it with who i wanted and id never get confronted for it. cause theyd stick up for me.if i were a boyi think i could understa

2、ndhow it feels to love a girli swear id be a better man.id listen to hercause i know how it hurtswhen you lose the one you wantedcause hes taken you for grantedand everything you had got destroyedif i were a boyi could turn off my phonetell everyone its brokenso theyd think that i was sleeping alone

3、id put myself firstand make the rules as i gocause i know that shed be faithfulwaiting for me to come home if i were a boy i could turn off my phone tell everyone its broken so theyd think that i was sleeping alone id put myself first and make the rules as i go cause i know that shed be faithful wai

4、ting for me to come homei wish i were as tall as yaoming.i wish i were a bird.i wish every day were my birthday.i wish/wished i hadnt eaten so much watermelon. 表示對(duì)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況過(guò)去情況的虛擬的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞常用常用“had過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”。i wish it would rain tomorrow.1. i wish i were a bird. 2. i wish i hadnt made such a mistake.

5、3. we wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （現(xiàn)在）（現(xiàn)在）(過(guò)去）過(guò)去）（將來(lái)）（將來(lái)）二：虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：二：虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：wish現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：未來(lái)：過(guò)去時(shí)（過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)would/could/might + v. should動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞hope 后面不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用后面不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)與過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)與過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)有關(guān)的希望，例如：有關(guān)的希望，例如：1). i hope you werent late. 我希望你沒(méi)有遲到我希望你沒(méi)有遲到.2). i hope yo

6、u are ready. 我希望你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了我希望你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了.3). i hope he will come tomorrow. 我希望他明天來(lái)我希望他明天來(lái).4). we hope youll be very happy. 我們希望你非常幸福我們希望你非常幸福.16. as if = as though “好像好像，仿佛，仿佛”，是個(gè)連詞，是個(gè)連詞，引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。 有真實(shí)情況和有真實(shí)情況和與事實(shí)不符或者相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與事實(shí)不符或者相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 1. there is dark cloud in the sky. it looks as if it is go

7、ing to rain. 2. he did it as if he were an expert. + had done (過(guò)去過(guò)去) + did (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) 注意注意: be動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換用動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換用were + would / could do (將來(lái)將來(lái)) as ifthe girl is giving us a vivid description of the moon it seems as if she _(be) to the moon many times. had been1.they talked as if they _ (be) friends for years. 2.

8、 he looks as if _ . (他喝醉了他喝醉了)had beenhe were drunk1. 我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。2. 他該上學(xué)了。他該上學(xué)了。its time for us to go to bed. its time for him to go to school. its (high) time +that 過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí) did / were should(不省不省) +v.我們?cè)撊ノ覀冊(cè)撊ニX(jué)了。睡覺(jué)了。4. its (high) time +that過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)(were)should(不省不省) +v.你該走了。你該走了。its high time tha

9、t you went.its high time that you were going.its high time that you should go.its time that we went to bed.its time that we should go to bed. would rather1. i would rather _ (leave) here at once. 2. i would rather you _ （leave) here at once. that +從句（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）從句（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）do sth. leave left2. would rather th

10、at現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在:過(guò)去過(guò)去:未來(lái)未來(lái): i would rather you paid me now. i would rather i hadnt come yesterday. i would rather you came tomorrow.過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)5. 表示要求表示要求, 命令命令, 建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。使用建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。使用should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形, 或者將或者將should省略省略。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞: 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持一個(gè)堅(jiān)持, 兩個(gè)命令兩個(gè)命令, 三個(gè)建議三個(gè)建議, 四個(gè)要求。即四個(gè)要求。即1) insist 2) order, command 3

11、) advise, suggest, propose4) demand, require, request, desire1) the guard at gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2) he insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that she _ (send) to hospital at once.obeywasbe sent3) he suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4) his pale face suggest

12、ed that he _ (be) ill.havewas 以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句句包括主語(yǔ)從句, 表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)也要使表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 從句中的動(dòng)詞形式為從句中的動(dòng)詞形式為: (should) + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request 1. the teacher gave us a suggestion that we _ (recite )50 new words per day.(should) recite6. i

13、ts necessary/strange/natural/ important/pity/no wonder/impossible + that 從句從句, 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬, 即即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形我們掌握一門外語(yǔ)是非常重要的。我們掌握一門外語(yǔ)是非常重要的。it is important that we (should) master a foreign language.it is important for us to master a foreign language.很奇怪她竟然拒絕來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。很奇怪她竟然拒絕來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。 it is stra

14、nge that she refuse to come to the party. 我們有必要努力學(xué)習(xí)。我們有必要努力學(xué)習(xí)。its necessary that we should study hard.虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于if only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 中中, “要是要是就好了就好了”if only i were a flying bird!= how i wish i were a flying bird!要是我看過(guò)那部電影就好了！要是我看過(guò)那部電影就好了！if only i had seen the film!=how i wish i had seen the film!

15、在含有在含有if it were not for或或if it had not been for 條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中。條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中。 if it were not for the rain, the crops would die.要不是你的幫助要不是你的幫助, 我們就不可能提前完成任務(wù)。我們就不可能提前完成任務(wù)。if it had not been for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.= but for your help= without your help= had it not been f

16、or your help,a. if they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. if the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenpractice 1: fill in the blanks.a. if tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. if you _ (get) up earlier,

17、 you _ (catch) the first train.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughtpractice 2: fill in the blanks.a. if there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power .b. what _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?should beshould makewould happenshould get uppracti

18、ce 3: fill in the blanksc. if robots _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.were to controlwould be 混合型的條件句混合型的條件句 當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一 致時(shí)致時(shí), 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。 主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互呼應(yīng)主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互呼應(yīng), 這種條件句叫混合條件句這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見(jiàn)的。較多見(jiàn)的 混合型條件句是混合型條件句是從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

19、(指過(guò)去行為指過(guò)去行為), 而主句用一般時(shí)而主句用一般時(shí)(指指 目前狀態(tài)目前狀態(tài))。如果他聽(tīng)了我的勸告如果他聽(tīng)了我的勸告, 他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過(guò)考試。他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過(guò)考試。he would pass the test if he had taken my advice. 假如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了假如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了, 現(xiàn)在我就知道該現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。怎么辦了。 if i had spoken to him yesterday, i should know what to do now. 如果你采納了我的建議如果你采納了我的建議, 你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好得多。你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好得多。 if you had followed

20、my advice, you would be better now.如果你之前努力學(xué)習(xí)了如果你之前努力學(xué)習(xí)了, 你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)生生, 四年后就會(huì)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。四年后就會(huì)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。if you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years time.1. if it rains tomorrow, i _ (stay) at home.2. if it rained tomorrow, i _

21、(stay) at home.3. its time for her _ ( go ) to church. 4. its time that she _ (go) to church. will staywould / could / might /should stayto gowent / should go5. 要不是下雨的話，要不是下雨的話， 我昨天就去釣魚了。我昨天就去釣魚了。 but for _, i _ (go) fishing yesterday.if it had not been for the rain,i would have gone fishing yesterd

22、ay. without the rain, i would have gone fishing yesterday. the rainwould have gone如果上天能夠給我一個(gè)再來(lái)一次的機(jī)會(huì)，如果上天能夠給我一個(gè)再來(lái)一次的機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)對(duì)那個(gè)女孩子說(shuō)三個(gè)字：我會(huì)對(duì)那個(gè)女孩子說(shuō)三個(gè)字：“我愛(ài)你。我愛(ài)你?！盿re they the same?if _ a chance to start over, _the girl three words, “i love you.” i were giveni would tell你再往前半步，我就把你殺了。你再往前半步，我就把你殺了。你的劍在我的咽喉上割

23、下去吧！你的劍在我的咽喉上割下去吧！if you take one more step forward, ill kill you.cut my throat with your sword！enjoy a videoforms of english verbstensesvoicesmoodsindicativeimperativesubjunctive英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣， 陳述陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣 (the indicative mood):用來(lái)陳述用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一種看法，有肯定、否一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一種看法，

24、有肯定、否定、疑問(wèn)或感嘆等形式。定、疑問(wèn)或感嘆等形式。i am not interested in what you said.have you ever been to france?what a splendid palace!祈使語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣(the imperative mood),用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令、警告用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令、警告或勸告等?；騽窀娴取?lets have a talk. dont jump in the queue.虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣(the subjunctive mood)定義定義(definition)：表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí) 或者是不可能

25、發(fā)生的情況，而是一種或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種 愿望愿望(wish)，建議，建議(suggestion)，假設(shè)，假設(shè) (supposition)。look at the sentences and tell when we use the subjunctive mood. 1.if i were you, i would go there. i wish i were a bird flying in the sky. i suggested he go there. god bless you.愿望愿望建議建議假設(shè)假設(shè)愿望愿望虛擬語(yǔ)氣:表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí),而是一 種主觀愿望和

26、假設(shè),猜測(cè),建議,可能或 想象。主要用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句，或名 詞性從句。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法：在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法：1. if i were you, i should study english.2. if i had time now, i would attend the meeting. 3. if i were a teacher, i would be strict with my students. ( im not a teacher.)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，主從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：從句從句: if+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be用were)主句主句:主語(yǔ)+ +動(dòng)詞原形wouldsh

27、ouldcouldmight1). if jack had scored that goal, we would have won the football match yesterday.2). if you had taken my advice, you wouldnt have failed in the examination last month. 表示與 過(guò)去事實(shí)相反時(shí),主從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：從句從句:主句主句:if +主語(yǔ)+had done主語(yǔ)+ +have donewouldshouldcouldmight1). if it were to rain tomorrow, t

28、he meeting would be put off.2). if it should snow next sunday, they couldnt go out.表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí),主從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：從句從句:主句主句:if +主語(yǔ)+didshould dowere to do主語(yǔ)+ +dowouldshouldcouldmight一：虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ) 從句中的用法。條件從句if 從句的謂語(yǔ)形式 主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去未來(lái)v-ed / （were）had donewould/could/should/might +v.（原）（原）would/could/shouldmight+h

29、ave+p.p.1. v-ed / were2.should+v.3. were to dowould/could/should/might +v.（原形）（原形）complete the following sentences:1. if i _ (take) enough money, i _ (buy) the necklace yesterday.2. if i_ (be) you, i _(make) use of the chance.3. if we _ (start) early, we should not have missed the train.4. if he _(b

30、e) here, everything would be all right.had taken would have boughtwerewould makehad startedwereexercises:1. if i _(be) you, i would get up early in the morning. 2. if you _(ask) him, he might tell you.3. i didnt see your sister at the meeting. if she _(come), she would have met my brother.4. if he h

31、ad not lost his money, he _ the piano last week. a. would buy b. had bought c. could have bought d. boughtaskedwerehad comec5.they would go out even if it _ tomorrow.a.rain b. were to rain c. will rain d. would rain6. i dont think that i shall fail. but if i _, i would try again a. fail b. would fai

32、l c. should fail d. had failedbcif i were you, i would give it up.were i you, i would give it up.if it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.if i had had time, i would have run round that lake again.

33、had i had time, i would have run round that lake again.if there should be a flood, what should we do?should there be a flood, what should we do?2.假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中有should， were， had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞可以把if省略，并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。make as many sentences as possiblewith subjunctive mood according tothe model:if i had 1000, 000,

34、000 dollars, i wouldif i had 1000, 000,000 dollars, i would buy a house for my parents. if they had a beautiful house, they would live more happily.if they lived more happily, i would live longerif i had 1000, 000,000 dollars, i wouldif i were a teacher in the school, i would if i were a mayor (市長(zhǎng)市長(zhǎng)

35、)of sihui, i wouldif it should be the end of the worldtonight, .if my father had sent me to america to study, .1. you didnt let me drive. if we _ in turn, you _ so tired. a. drove; didnt get b. drove; wouldnt get c. were driving; wouldnt get d. had driven; wouldnt have got2. _ it rain tomorrow, we s

36、hould have to put off the visit to the yangpu bridge. a. were b. should c. would d. will3. without electricity human life _ quite different today. a. is b. will be c. would have been d. would be4. i told sally how to get there, but perhaps i _ for her. a. had to write it out b. must have written it

37、out c. should have written it out d. ought to write it out5. i didnt see your sister at the meeting. if she _, she would have met my brother. a. has comeb. did come c. camed. had come6. -if he _, he _ that food.-luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. a. was warmed; would not take b. had be

38、en warned; would not have taken c. would be warned; had not taken d. would have been warned; had not taken7. -have you ever been to beijing? -no, but i wish i _. a. have b. willc. dod. had8. if only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. a. liesb. lay c. had laind. should lie9. if i _ you, i would ask him to stay. a. was b. would bec. wered. am10. if it hadnt rained last sunday, we _ picnicking. a. could go b. could have go