值得推薦 高中-選修英語復(fù)習(xí)1

1、Unit 1一、單詞realistic adj.現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的abstract adj.抽象的sculpture n.雕塑gallery n.美術(shù)陳列室faith n.信任aim n.目標(biāo)conventional adj.常規(guī)的typical adj.典型的evident adj.明顯的adopt vt.采用possess vt.擁有superb adj.卓越的technique n.技術(shù)coincidence n.巧合shadow n.影子ridiculous adj.荒謬的controversial adj.爭(zhēng)論的attempt n.努力predict vt.預(yù)言specific adj.確切

2、的figure n.畫像clay n.黏土marble n.大理石carve vt.雕刻delicate adj.脆弱的allergic adj.過敏的exhibition n.展覽aggressive adj.敢作敢為的scholar n.學(xué)者flesh n.肉geometry n.幾何學(xué)bunch n.串，束avenue n.林蔭道preference n.偏愛appeal vi.有感染力的fragile adj.精細(xì)的reputation n.名聲civilization n.文明；文化Egypt n.埃及visual adj.視覺的fragrant adj.香的contemporary

3、 adj.當(dāng)代的permanent adj.永久的district n.區(qū)，區(qū)域committee n.委員會(huì)signature n.署名，簽字二、短語1.have/lose faith in 對(duì)有/失去 信心2.the aim of sth/doing sth 的目的3.achieve ones aim 達(dá)到目的4.aim to do sth 立志5.be aimed at (doing) sth 旨在6.be typical of 是典型的7.It is typical of sb to do 是（人）的特點(diǎn)8.It is evident that 是顯而易見的9.be possessed

4、 of 擁有（主動(dòng)）10.in possession of 擁有；占有（被動(dòng)）11.It is a coincidence that 是巧合的12.attempt to do 嘗試13.make an attempt to do 嘗試（名詞用）14.It is predicted that 據(jù)預(yù)報(bào)15.be specific to 對(duì)是特有的16.be allergic to 對(duì)過敏17.a great deal 大量18.on the other hand 在另一方面19.in the flesh 活的20.appeal to 對(duì)有吸引力21.by coincidence 巧合地22.hav

5、e a preference for sth 偏愛23.have a reputation for 因而聞名24.be contemporary with 和同時(shí)代三、課文During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time pai

6、nters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their hou

7、ses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through

8、a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints an

9、d the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.四、語法（虛擬語氣）假設(shè)情況If 條件從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去式（be 的過去式常用were）would/could/might/should +動(dòng)詞原形與將來事實(shí)相反 過去式 should +動(dòng)詞原形 were to dowould/could/might/should +動(dòng)詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反had + 過去分詞would/could/might/sho

10、uld +have + 過去分詞特殊句式：1. 虛擬條件不直接用“if”條件句表示，而是通過如 without, with, but for（要不是）, otherwise（否則）, or等或通過上下文按時(shí)來說明。句中謂語動(dòng)詞的形式和表格中的內(nèi)容一致。Without air, there wouldnt be living things in the world.沒有空氣，世界上就沒有生物。But for your help, I wouldnt have made such great progress.要不是你的幫助，我不會(huì)取得這么大的進(jìn)步2. would rather 后的賓語從句中，用

11、一般過去時(shí)來表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r相反的假設(shè)，用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去情況相反的假設(shè)。I would rather you told me the truth. 我寧愿你和我講真話。I would rather you had been present. 我倒寧愿你當(dāng)時(shí)在場(chǎng)。3. wish 后的賓語從句，表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反，從句要用一般過去時(shí)；表示與過去情況相反，從句用過去完成時(shí)；表示與將來情況相反，從句謂語常用“would/could/might + 動(dòng)詞原形”。I wish I were ten years younger now. 我希望我現(xiàn)在年輕10歲。I wish you would g

12、o with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天跟我們一塊去。4. If only 要是就好了。（只在if only 從句中使用虛擬語氣）If only I ere 20 years younger! 我要是年輕20歲多好！If only I had come to the party yesterday! 要是昨天我來參加聚會(huì)就好了Unit 2一、單詞poetry n.詩tick vt.給做記號(hào)rhyme n.韻；押韻convey vt.傳送nursery n.托兒所concrete adj.具體的contradictory adj.引起矛盾的diamond n.鉆石flexible ad

13、j.靈活的pattern n.模式cottage n.村舍t(yī)ease vt.取笑salty adj.含鹽的endless adj.無窮的minimum n.最低限度translation n.翻譯branch n.枝條eventually adv.最后；終于transform vi&vt.轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)換sorrow n.悲傷bare adj.赤裸的librarian n.圖書館館長(zhǎng)forever adv.永遠(yuǎn)section n.部分appropriate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)膃xchange n.交換，交流 vt&vi. 調(diào)換diploma n.畢業(yè)文憑sponsor n.贊助人blan

14、k n.空白compass n.指南針bride n.新娘bridegroom n.新郎championship n.冠軍稱號(hào)darkness n.黑暗；漆黑warmth n.暖和scholarship n.獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金pianist n.鋼琴家violinist n.小提琴演奏者load n.負(fù)擔(dān)，負(fù)荷物二、短語1.take it easy 放輕松2.run out of 用完3.be made up of 由構(gòu)成4.in particular 尤其是5.try out 測(cè)試6.let out 發(fā)出，放走7.convey ones feeling 傳達(dá)的感情8.conveyfromto 把從運(yùn)到9

15、.be contradictory to 與矛盾10.tease sb. about 拿開的玩笑11.a minimum of 最少；至少12.to ones sorrow 令傷心的是13.It is appropriate for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)來說是合適的14.in exchange for 交換15.exchangewith sb. 與交換16.be load with 滿載著三、課文Ive saved the summerAnd I give it all to you To hold on winter morningsWhen the snow is new.Iv

16、e saved some sunlightIf you should ever needA place away from darknessWhere your mind can feed.And for myself Ive kept your smileWhen you were but nineteen,Till youre older youll not knowWhat brave young smiles can mean.I know no answersTo help you on your wayThe answers lie somewhereAt the bottom o

17、f the day.But if youve a need for loveIll give you all I ownIt might help you down the roadTill youve found your own.四、語法（與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣）if 從句主句had + 過去分詞should/would/could/might + have +過去分詞1. 在虛擬條件句中，若有had, were, should 等助動(dòng)詞，可將它們提到句首，省略if 變?yōu)榈寡b句。Were I at school again, I would study harder. 要是我再上學(xué)，我會(huì)

18、更加用功。Should there be an earthquake, what should we do? 要是發(fā)生地震，我們?cè)撛趺崔k？2. 下列動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，其謂語形式為“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”，should 可以省略，這類動(dòng)詞有：一 堅(jiān)持insist二 命令order , command三 建議suggest, propose, recommend四 要求Demand, request, require, desire 3. as if 引導(dǎo)的表語從句，有時(shí)也用虛擬從句。從句內(nèi)容和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不符，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞常用were；從句內(nèi)容與過去事實(shí)不符，謂語

19、部分為“had + 過去分詞”；表示將來的可能性不大，用“should/would/might/could + 動(dòng)詞原形”。但若表示確有某種可能，也可不用虛擬語氣。It looks as if it might rain. 看上去好像要下雨。It seems as if our team is going to win. 看來我們隊(duì)好像要贏了。4. 引導(dǎo)目的狀語的從句的短語有 for fear that, in case 等，從句中謂語形式為 “should + 動(dòng)詞原形”。Bring some money in case you (should) use it. 帶點(diǎn)錢以備用。5. “sho

20、uld（ought to/could/may/might）+ have +過去分詞”表示“過去應(yīng)該/能/可以做但卻沒做”的虛擬語氣，其否定形式則表示“過去不該做的卻做了”，是一種委婉的責(zé)備。（1） 表示委婉批評(píng)常用 “could/may/might have done” ,意為“本可以/能夠做”（2） 表示強(qiáng)烈責(zé)備常用“should/ought to have done”，常譯為“本應(yīng)該做”6. 表示祝愿時(shí)常用動(dòng)詞原形或“May + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他”結(jié)構(gòu)Unit 3一、單詞cigarette n.香煙alcohol n.酒，酒精abuse n.&vt.濫用stress n

21、.壓力adolescent n.青少年 adj.青春期的adolescence n.青春期ban vt.禁止；禁令due adj.欠款的tough adj.困難的addicted adj.入了迷的accustom vt.使習(xí)慣于withdrawal n.收回；撤退automatic adj.無意識(shí)的mental adj.精神上的quit vt.停止；離開effect n.結(jié)果；效力lung n.肺pregnant adj.懷孕的abnormal adj.畸形的breathless adj.氣喘吁吁的unfit adj.不健康的strengthen vt.加強(qiáng) vi變強(qiáng)packet n.小包de

22、sperate adj.絕望的chemist n.藥劑師disappointed adj.失望的ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的comprehension n.理解appendix n.附錄；附件illegal adj.不合法的pill n.藥丸，藥片survival n.幸存sex n.性needle n.針male adj.男性的female adj.女性的prejudice n.偏見judgement n.看法abortion n.流產(chǎn)cigar n.雪茄煙embarrassed adj.尷尬的awkward adj.局促不安的二、短語1.under stress 在壓力下，2.

23、lay/place/put stress on sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)3.ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止去4.a ban on 關(guān)于的禁令5.due to 由于6.be addicted to 對(duì)有癮7.accustomed to 習(xí)慣于8.feel like doing 想要9.decide on 對(duì)作出決定10.in spite of 不顧11.take risks 冒險(xiǎn)12.get into 迷上13.be/get tough with sb 對(duì)采取強(qiáng)硬手段14.be tough on sb. 嚴(yán)格對(duì)待三、課文This brings me to the real reaso

24、n for my letter, my dear grandson. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to nicotine

25、, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain. Secondly, you become addicted th

26、rough habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all

27、 three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. But I did finally manage.四、語法（it的用法）1.it作代詞的用法指代上文提到過的事物；指代性別不明的嬰兒；指代性別不明的人；表示時(shí)間、距離、自然現(xiàn)象、環(huán)境、情況等；指代指示代詞this, that 或不定代詞something ,nothing等。2.it作形式主語花費(fèi)的時(shí)間去：It takes sb. some time to do sth.做是的：It be + adj. + to do/that. It be + n. +to do /that. It be + ad

28、j. /n. + doing.據(jù):It be + 過去分詞 + thatUnit 4一、單詞consume vt.消費(fèi)；消耗graph n.圖表random adj.胡亂的phenomenon n.現(xiàn)象subscribe vi.同意；捐獻(xiàn)fuel n.燃料quantity n.量tend vi.趨勢(shì)；易于per prep.每data n.資料result in 導(dǎo)致trend n.趨勢(shì)catastrophe n.大災(zāi)難flood n.洪水oppose vt.反對(duì)mild adj.溫和的consequence n.結(jié)果state vt.陳述range n.種類keep on 繼續(xù)glance v

29、i.看一下steady adj.平穩(wěn)的tendency n.趨向；趨勢(shì)widespread adj.分布廣的average adj.平均的existence n.生存outer adj.外部的advocate vt.擁護(hù)commitment n.承諾growth n.增長(zhǎng)casual adj.隨便的motor n.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)can n.容器；罐頭circumstance n.環(huán)境；情況microwave n.微波爐refresh vt.使恢復(fù)contribution n.貢獻(xiàn)presentation n.顯示disagreement n.分歧二、短語e about 發(fā)生；造成2.quantitie

30、s of 大量3.go up 上升4. even if 即使5. on the whole 大體上6.put up with 忍受7.and so on 等等8.keep on 繼續(xù)9.subscribe to 同意10.as long as 只要11.on behalf of 代表一方12.at random 隨意的13.tend to 照顧14.oppose doing sth 反對(duì)15.be opposed to doing 反對(duì)16.in consequence =consequently 因此17.a range of 一套18.out of range of sth. 超出的范圍1

31、9.glance at 瞥一眼20.have a tendency to do喜歡做21.on average 平均地22.advocate doing 提倡23.advocate that-clause 主張24.make a commitement to do sth. 許諾25.be casual about對(duì)漫不經(jīng)心26.in no circumstances 絕不27.make a contribution to 對(duì)做貢獻(xiàn)三、課文However, the attitude of scientists towards this rise are completely different

32、. On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that any trend in which the temperature increases by 5 degrees would lead to a catastrophe. She says,” We cant predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious.” Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several met

33、res in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley , who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the a

34、ir. They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences. In fact, Hambley states,”More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals - all of which will make life for

35、 human beings better.Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. No one knows the effects of global warming. Does that mean we should do n

36、othing? Or, are the risks too great?四、語法（it的用法）1.it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that +剩余如：It was she that/who I met yesterday.我昨天遇到的人是她。注：原句時(shí)態(tài)為過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句中用was；若被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，則可用that也可用who引導(dǎo)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問句式強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句：Is/Was it +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+剩余?強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句：疑問詞+is/was+ it+ that+剩余?如：Was it Sally that phoned just now?剛才

37、打電話的是莎莉嗎？識(shí)別強(qiáng)調(diào)句的訣竅：在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，it is/was 和 that 都沒有詞義。去掉后句子依然完整。Unit 5一、單詞diagram n.圖解volcano n.火山erupt vi.火山ash n.灰hurricane n.颶風(fēng)questionnaire n.問卷alongside adv.在旁邊equipment n.設(shè)備appoint vt.任命database n.數(shù)據(jù)庫evaluate vt.評(píng)估wave n.波浪fountain vi.泉水一般噴出absolute adj.絕對(duì)的suit n.一套外衣helmet n.頭盔boot n.靴子potential ad

38、j.潛在性actual adj.實(shí)在的candidate n.候選人bungalow n.平房typhoon n.臺(tái)風(fēng)thunderstorm n.雷暴precious adj.貴重的novelist n.小說家fog n.霧document n.文件rainbow n.彩虹uncomfortable adj.不舒服的balcony n.陽臺(tái)unconscious adj.失去知覺的shoot vt.射擊shot n.射擊tremble vi.搖晃sweat n.汗anxious adj.憂慮的panic vi.恐慌diverse adj.多種多樣的bathe vi.游泳appreciatio

39、n n.欣賞guarantee vt.保證二、短語1.burn to the ground 全部焚毀2.make ones way to 前往3.glance through 匆匆看一遍4.vary fromto 由到.不等5.be equipped with 裝備著6.be equipped with 具備的條件7.appoint sb. as 把任命為8.have/make an appointment with 與有約9.wave to 向揮手10.be about to do.when. 即將/正在.，這時(shí)11.have the potential to do sth. 有.的潛力12

40、.the potential for doing sth. 有.的潛力13.be unconscious of 未意識(shí)到14.be unconscious from 因失去知覺15.tremble with 因而發(fā)抖16.be anxious about/for 為.而擔(dān)心/不安17.be anxious to do 渴望18.have appreciation of 對(duì).有鑒賞力19.in appreciation of 為感謝.20.guarantee sb. to do sth. 向保證.三、課文I have the greatest job in the world. I travel

41、 to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I dont mind because danger exci

42、tes me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth the volcano.I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago. My job is collecting

43、 information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. Our work has saved many lives because people in the path o

44、f the lava can be warned to leave their houses. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.四、語法（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語）1.現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式（doing）：表示的動(dòng)作和謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作一般同時(shí)發(fā)生。 Coming down the mountain, he met Mia on the way. 下山時(shí)，他在路上遇見了米婭。2.現(xiàn)在分詞的完

45、成式（having done）：表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。 Having finished her work, Linda went home. 完成了工作之后，琳達(dá)就回家了。3.現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式在其前面加not。 Not having received her reply, they telephoned her. 由于沒收到她的回復(fù)，他們給她打了電話。5.現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式（being done）：表示與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。 Being asked to give a performance, Mary couldnt very well refuse. 有人請(qǐng)瑪麗表演節(jié)目，她不好拒絕。6.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式（having been done）：表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。 Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip? 人家給了她這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)，她怎么能輕易放過？7.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，可以根據(jù)意義在其前加上相應(yīng)的連詞 when, while, since, until, once, though,