被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法及注意事項(xiàng)

1、_一 .何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)中，大多數(shù)情況下用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)比較簡(jiǎn)練、有力。但是，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)也有其特殊的用途，它也是表達(dá)思想、描述事物的需要。人們通常在下列情況下使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):。1.不知道或不必說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句How is this word pronounced?這個(gè)單詞怎么發(fā)音?Scientists say that work is done whenever a force moves.科學(xué)家們說，力移動(dòng)時(shí)就做了功。After war,everything had been destroyed.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，一切都被毀壞了。A greater number of magic En

2、glish books will be published next year.明年將有更多的魔法英語(yǔ)書出版。2.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句If you break the school rules， you will be punished.如果你違反校規(guī)，你將受到懲罰。A new Hope Schoolwill be opened in our village.我們家鄉(xiāng)將開辦一所新的希望學(xué)校。She is liked by everybody.大家都喜歡她。精品資料_Xiao Liwas elected monitor of the class.小李被選為班長(zhǎng)。3.當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不

3、是人而是無(wú)生命的事物時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句The bridgewas washed away by the flood.橋被洪水沖走了。We were shocked bythe news of his death.我們聽到他的死訊極為震驚。Many accidents were caused bycareless driving.許多事故都是開車不小心造成的。4.修辭的需要，使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可以使句子更加簡(jiǎn)練、勻稱例句He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.他出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上，受到了觀眾的熱烈鼓掌。The old

4、 professor gave a lecture on American history and was well received.這位老教授作了一個(gè)有關(guān)美國(guó)歷史的講座，受到大家的熱烈歡迎。I was shown round the school campus by Sean， who had entered the school just a yearbefore.肖恩帶我參觀了校園，他去年剛進(jìn)這所學(xué)校。5.為了表示委婉或禮貌，避免提及動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者或說話者自己時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句精品資料_You ve been told many times not to make the same mis

5、take.你已被多次告知不要犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。Everybody is expected to obey the following rules.希望大家遵守以下規(guī)定。The control room may not be entered without permission.非經(jīng)許可，勿人控制室。6.科技文獻(xiàn)中為了客觀地描述事情及其過程時(shí)應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句Thefilmis coatedwithlight-sensitivechemicals,whicharechangedby thedifferentshades and colours of light.膠卷上涂了一層感光的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這些物質(zhì)

6、因光的不同色度與顏色而改變。7.在新聞報(bào)道中使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可以體現(xiàn)新聞的客觀性例句The west-east gas pipeline project was kicked off on July 4, a big event in the nation swestdevelopmentcampaign.西氣東輸工程7 月 4 日全線開工，這是國(guó)家西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略的一件大事。8.有些動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣上常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句He wasborn in this city.他出生在這個(gè)城市。精品資料_The school issituatedin the suburbs.這所學(xué)校位于郊外。常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞有bo

7、rn （出生）、situate （坐落于）、build （建造）、 break （打破）、 publish （出版）等。二 .使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)的主意事項(xiàng)1.“ get+ 過去分詞 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表被動(dòng)例句The boy got hurt on his way to school.這個(gè)男孩在上學(xué)的路上受傷了。These cleaners got paid by the month.清潔工人按月拿工資。He got caught in the heavy rain on his way home.在回家的路上他被困在大雨中了。類似短語(yǔ)get burnt （著火）、 get killed （被殺）、g

8、et hurt （受傷）、 get lost （迷路）get dressed（穿衣服）、get changed（變化）、 get married（結(jié)婚）、 get washed （洗）等。2.有部分動(dòng)詞接雙賓語(yǔ)，那么變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)也有兩種形式。例句主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：I passed him a new book.我地給他一本書精品資料_被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：A new book was passed to him（ by me ） . 或 He was passed a new book（ byme ） .可接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive （給）、 hand （傳給）、show （展示）、teach （教）、 send

9、 （派遣）、pass （傳遞）等。3.有些 “動(dòng)詞 +介詞 /副詞 ” 構(gòu)成的固定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要注意其完整性，不可分開。例句主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：We should take good care of the old and the children.我們應(yīng)該照顧好老人和小孩。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：The old and the children should be taken good care of.4.有些由 “ 動(dòng)詞 +名詞 +介詞 ” 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)較松散，變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)也可以將名詞和其后的介詞拆開。例句主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：They make good use of the library.他們充分利用圖書館。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Good use is made of the library.這個(gè)圖書館的利用率很高。精品資料_5.英語(yǔ)中，有些動(dòng)詞接不帶to 的不定式做賓補(bǔ)，但是當(dāng)它們變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要把to 加上去。例句主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： The boss made them work twelve hours every day.老板讓他們每天工作十二小時(shí)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：They were made to work twelve hours every day.可接不帶 t