初中英語動名詞和動詞不定式歸納3頁

1、1. 動詞doing(只能加doing的動詞)Like/dislike/enjoy/have fun +doing喜歡做mind (sb) doing介意做imagine doing 想象做suggest doing建議做practice doing練習(xí)做finish doing結(jié)束做what about/ how about doing sth 做某事如何Thank you for doing sth. 為感謝某人at the beginning of 的起初；的開始keep/go (on) /continue doing持續(xù)做cant help doing情不自禁做cant stand d

2、oing不能忍受做cant stop doing sth 忍不住做某事feel like doing想要做go +doing (go shopping) 去做某事no +doing 禁止做某事be worth doing 值得做be busy doing sth 忙于做某事spend time/money (in) doing 花費(fèi)時間做某事waste time/money (in) doing浪費(fèi)時間做某事consider doing sth 考慮做某事have trouble/difficulty/problems/experience (in) doing 做某事有困難/有經(jīng)驗(yàn)used

3、to do 過去常常做某事be /get used for doing sth = be used to do sth. 被用來作某事be /get/used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事pay attention to doing 注意做某事hold on to doing sth 堅(jiān)持做某事look forward to doing期望做某事be interested in doing=take an interest in doing對-感興趣be good at doing sth= do well in doing sth. 擅長作某事about: be worried about

4、 doing擔(dān)憂做 be embarrassed about doing尷尬做 be annoyed about doing反感做with: be pleased with doing對做-滿意 prefer doing to doing寧愿也不愿 without: without doing沒做from: stop sb (from) doing =prevent sb from doing=keep sb from doing(但keep sb doing使某人不停的做)by: by doing通過做22 2. 動詞doing和to do 意義無大區(qū)別begin doing/ begin

5、to dostart doing/ start to do開始做continue doing/to do持續(xù)做like doing / like to dolove doing / love to do 喜歡做hate doing/ hate to do討厭做3 3. 動詞doing和to do意義不同forget doing 忘記做過某事forget to do忘記去做某事（還未做）remember doing 記得做過某事remember to do記得要去做某事（還未做）stop doing=give up doing sth 停止做某事stop to do停下來去做另一件事try /t

6、ry ones best to do盡力做need doing需要被做(主語指物)need to do 需要做（主語指人）4. 動詞to doagree to do同意做want to do想要做would like to do想要做，愿意做decide to do決定做hope/ wish to do希望做plan to do 計劃做be supposed to do sth =should do sth應(yīng)該做某事learn to do學(xué)會做be /make sure to do sth 確定做某事offer to do 主動要求做help (to) do /help sb with sth

7、幫著做afford to do擔(dān)負(fù)得起做refuse to do拒絕做regret to do 遺憾地做dare to do敢做seem to do似乎做promise to do許諾做cant wait to do迫不及待做pretend to do假裝做used to do過去常常做get to do逐漸做have sth /nothing to do 有某事要做its ones duty to do sth 做某事是某人的責(zé)任make up /change ones mind to do sth.下定/改變 某人決心做某事the way to do sth the way of doin

8、g sth   做某事的方法     the way to +地方  去哪的路其他用法：疑問詞+ to dowhen/where/what/how/which/whetherto do形式主語：sb+think/feel/findit+形容詞+ to doIt is +形容詞+of/for sb.+ to dotoo+形容詞+to do sth =not enough to do= so thatit takes sb. some time to do sth.be sorry/lucky/ happy/glad/pleas

9、ed to do很抱歉/開心幸運(yùn)動詞+sb.+ to doallow sb to do 允許某人做某事get sb. to do 讓某人做某事ask sb. to do 讓某人做某事tell sb. to do 讓某人做某事urge sb to do 爭論做某事want/would like sb. to do 想要做某事encourage sb. to do 鼓勵某人做某事teach sb. to do 教某人做某事train sb. to do 訓(xùn)練某人做某事advise sb. to do 建議做人某事lead sb. to do 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)某人做某事mislead sb. to do誤導(dǎo)某人

10、做invite sb. to do 邀請某人做某事expect sb. to do期待某人做remind sb. to do提醒某人做(但remind sb of doing使某人想起做過某事)5. 動詞+sb. + dosee /watch/hear/feel/notice sb do sth 看見/聽見/感覺/注意某人做某事see /watch/hear/feel/notice sb doing sth 看見/聽見/感覺/注意某人正在做某事其他不帶to的不定式Why not do sth=why dont you do sth為什么不做某事let sb do sth 讓某人做某事make

11、sb do sth 讓某人做某事be made to do sth 被迫做某事had better do最好做would rather do than do寧愿做某事而不厭做某事prefer to do rather than do寧愿做某事而不厭做某事情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形will/would/can/may/might/must/should/shall+do6. to表示 “的”the key to the door 門的鑰匙the key/answer to the question 問題的答案the solution to a problem 問題的解決the way to sp.去某地

12、的路 a +形容詞+ place to do 一個做某事的地方a ticket to sp.  (a ticket for + 比賽名稱)一張什么的票句型；Its time to do sth. Its time for sth該作某事的時候了.動詞做句子的主語，可用動名詞ing可用不定式to do，一般用ing。另：不定式做主語大多表示將來表目的。祈使句肯定句全用動詞原形開頭；Open the door, please.Keep quiet.否定用Dont +do原形開頭Dont sleep/speak.So +be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語也一樣-She is a studen

13、t. - So am I.So +主語+be/助動詞/ 情態(tài)動詞 確實(shí)如此_-My sister likes eating apples.-So she does.Neither/nor + be /助動詞/ 情態(tài)動詞+主語也不一樣(用于否定句)-He is a worker.-Neither /nor/me“出什么毛病了”Whats the matter trouble /with?=Whats wrong with? =Whats up?What happens to? 發(fā)生于某人身上名詞或代詞作主語時和謂語之間的單復(fù)數(shù)的一致問題： 1、謂語和謂語基本保持單復(fù)數(shù)的一致,即：主語是可數(shù)名詞單

14、數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(計算機(jī)是個了不起的發(fā)明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)2、集體名詞(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主語時,如果表示整體概念,則謂語用單數(shù)形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)如果表示其中的所有成員時,則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.(三班有張

15、中國地圖)3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示單個時謂語用單數(shù),表示許多時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只綿羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些綿羊)4、maths, news等雖然有s結(jié)尾,但不是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語仍用單數(shù)：The news is very exciting. (這個消息令人興奮)5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如： The trouse

16、rs  are  very  cheap and I want to take them.(褲子很便宜,我想買)6、a lot of后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：A lot of students  are playing  baseball now.(現(xiàn)在有許多學(xué)生在打壘球)  A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的時間花在了那個工作上)(被動句)7、and連接兩個名詞做主語時,謂語原則上用復(fù)數(shù),但是兩個名詞若構(gòu)成一個整體事物時,謂語則用單數(shù)。如：The

17、 teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老師和他的兒子在摘蘋果) / Fish and chips  is  very famous food. (魚和薯?xiàng)l是一種出名的食品)8、 there be 句型中be的單復(fù)數(shù)一般由靠近的名詞決定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房間里有一張桌子和四張椅子)9、用bothand連接兩個事物做主語時,謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Both you and I  are required to be here tomorrow

18、.(你和我明天要求都來)10、主語中含有with的短語時,謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由with之前的人物決定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名婦女帶著一個七歲的孩子(當(dāng)時)就站在路邊)11、eitheror或者 neithernor連接兩個人物做句子主語時,謂語采用就近原則。如：Either you or he is right.(要么是你對,要么是他對。/你和他有一個人是對的) / Neither you nor  I  am  going  ther

19、e. (你和我都不打算去那里) 12、表示一段時間或長度概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時,謂語一般用單數(shù)。如：Two months is not a short time.(兩個月不是個短時間)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距離).(兩千千米是相當(dāng)長的一段距離)13、主語中含有half of / (three quarters)of / all (of) the .等詞語時,謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞確定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English

20、.(因特網(wǎng)上四分之三以上的信息是用英語寫的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(學(xué)生的三分之一(當(dāng)時)正在湖邊玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(這些河流中的水已經(jīng)被污染了)(被動句)但是,population一詞又有特殊情況： Whats the population of China?(中國人口是多少？)(句子用單數(shù)) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(這個城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用復(fù)數(shù)) “怎么樣”怎么樣表達(dá)？What do you think of sth.?How do you like sth.?Whats your vie