主謂一致之鄰近一致原則

1、主謂一致的原則三： 鄰近一致原則鄰近一致原則是指謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)與它最鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致。這一原則在高考中主要體現(xiàn)在以下兩個方面：1. 由or等連詞連接的并列主語的主謂一致問題。主語是由or, either . or ., nor, neither . nor ., whether . or ., not . but ., not only . but also . 等連接的并列主語時， 謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式依照靠近它的主語而定， 例如： One or two friends are coming this evening. 今天晚上有一兩個朋友要來。 What I say or wh

2、at I think is no business of yours. 我所說的或者我所想的與你們沒關系。Neither I nor he is to blame. 我和他都不該受責備。 Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都沒錯。Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你， 而是你父親該受責備。Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不僅你錯了， 他也錯了。Not only the teacher but also his students object to the change. 不僅老師，

3、 而且他的學生都反對這種改變。2. “there/here be”句型中的主謂一致問題?！皌here/here be”句型中真正的主語在be之后， 如果there/here be后存在并列的主語， 系動詞be應與它相鄰的主語保持一致， 例如： There is a book and some pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本書和幾支鋼筆。Here are some apples and bread for you. 這些蘋果和面包是給你的。There is an apple, two pears and some oranges on the plate. 盤子里有一

4、個蘋果，兩個梨子和一些桔子。There are two pears, some oranges and an apple on the plate. 盤子里有兩個梨子，一些桔子和一個蘋果。考題 Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. (1989)A. is B. are C. am D. be答案 B解析 依照鄰近一致原則， 應以并列主語中最靠近謂語動詞的部分Jane and Mary(復數(shù)形式)決定謂語動詞的形式。本章補充強化訓練題1. More than

5、one person _ late for class this morning.A. are B. was C. is D. were2. My friend and classmate Paul _ motorcycles in his spare time.A. race B. races C. is raced D. is racing3. Climbing hills _ of great help to health.A. is B. are C. were D. be4. The injured _ good care of by some medical teams.A. is

6、 taken B. are being takenC. are taking D. is being taken5. The factory, including its machines and buildings, _ burnt last night.A. is B. are C. were D. was6. Now Tom together with his classmates _ football on the playground.A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing7. Time and tide _ for no man.

7、A. wait B. waited C. is waiting D. has waited8. The singer and dancer _ come to our school.A. have B. has C. were D. was9. How and why Jack came to China _ not known. And when and where to build the new library _ not been decided.A. is; has B. are; has C. is; have D. are; have10. Each man and each w

8、oman _ asked to help when the fire broke out.A. is B. was C. are D. were11. Soon after the earthquake, every man, woman and child _ about it.A. were talking B. was talking C. talk D. talks12. Two hundred and fifty pounds _ too unreasonable a price for a secondhand car.A. is B. are C. were D. be13. A

9、bout 60 percent of the students _ from the south; the rest of them _ from the north or foreign countries.A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are14. All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.A. are B. is C. were D. was15. Not only I but also everyone else _ so.A. say B. says C. have said D. has say

10、16. Either you or he _ interested in playing chess. _ you or he fond of music at present?A. are; Are B. is; Are C. are; Is D. is; Is17. We each _ strong points and each of us on the other hand _ weak points.A. have; have B. has; have C. has; has D. have; has18. It is not J. K. Rowling but her works that _ us excited.A. makes B. is made C. make D. are made19. There _ a pen, two pencils, and thre