山西省2016中考英語第二輪語法考點(diǎn)聚焦第29講動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語習(xí)題課件

1、山西省山西省英語英語第第2929講動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語講動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。動(dòng)詞分為四類：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞?？键c(diǎn)一實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的用法(及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是能獨(dú)立作謂語的動(dòng)詞。按其是否跟賓語分為及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)和不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)；按是否具有延續(xù)性分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和短暫性動(dòng)詞。1及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞就是后面接賓語意義才完整的動(dòng)詞。如love，need，want，ask，have，help，teach，make等。如：We love our great motherland very much.我們非常愛我們的偉大的祖國。My grandfather b

2、ought me a nice toy.我的祖父給我買了一個(gè)漂亮的玩具。I will return the story book to him.我準(zhǔn)備把故事書還給他。2不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞本身意義完整，其后不必跟賓語。如come，go，run，travel，listen，swim，work等。如果需要帶賓語，則不及物動(dòng)詞需要跟適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~連用。如：He study hard.他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。People often swim in the river.人們經(jīng)常在這條河里游泳。I lived in Shanghai last year.去年我住在上海。The baby is looking at u

3、s.小孩正看著我們。He is listening to the teacher.他正在聽老師講課。系動(dòng)詞本身沒有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語，說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征或身份。?？枷祫?dòng)詞的分類考點(diǎn)二系動(dòng)詞的用法【考點(diǎn)直擊1】1My parents expected me to be the best.I dont want to let them down _(2015，涼山)Amake.happy Bmake.tiredCmake.excited Dmake.disappointed2It will _only about 50 minutes to travel to

4、Mount Wuyi by highspeed railway.(2015，福州)Wow，how exciting！I cant wait.AtakeBspendCcostDA3Do you think our basketball team will win the match？(2015，自貢)Yes，we have better players.So I _them to win.Ahope Bhelp Cexpect4Do you know the song Where has the time gone?Sure.It _beautiful.I like it a lot.(2015

5、，鄂州)Asmells Btastes Csounds Dlooks5The meat on the plate _so delicious.Lets try it together.(2015，青島)Asmells Bsounds Csees DfeelsCCA6There are dark clouds，and the wind is blowing strongly.It _that a typhoon is coming.(2015，沈陽)Afeels Bsounds Cseems Dlooks7This kind of cloth _soft.(2015，黑河)Afeels Btas

6、tes Csmells8Hou Yi Shoots Sun _one of the most traditional stories in China.(2015，貴陽)Awas Bis CareCAB9The money _real.In fact，its not.(2015，張家界)Ais Blooks Cmust be10Dinner is ready.Help yourself，please!Wow！It _delicious.You are really good at cooking.(2015，丹東)Agets Bsounds Ctastes DturnsBC考點(diǎn)三助動(dòng)詞的用法助

7、動(dòng)詞本身沒有意義或意義不完全，不能單獨(dú)用作謂語。助動(dòng)詞在句中與實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，以表示時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)。此外，還可以用來構(gòu)成否定、疑問或強(qiáng)調(diào)的句型。具體用法見下表：助動(dòng)詞作用bebe現(xiàn)在分詞進(jìn)行時(shí)be過去分詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)do形式有do，does，did，用于構(gòu)成疑問句和否定句，或用在動(dòng)詞前加強(qiáng)語氣。havehave/has過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)had過去分詞過去完成時(shí)havebeen現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)will/shall would/should動(dòng)詞原形過去將來時(shí)will/shall動(dòng)詞原形一般將來時(shí)【注意】will，would，shall，should除了表示將來時(shí)間以外，更多的

8、是作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。1常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定的意義，但不能獨(dú)立作謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面必須接動(dòng)詞原形。常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：may，must，need，ought to等，具體用法見下表：考點(diǎn)四情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法例句can表示能力，意為“能，會(huì)”Sam can speak English well.山姆英語講得很好。表示請(qǐng)求、允許，意為“可以”Can I borrow you bike？我可以借你的自行車嗎？表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句She cant be at home now because I saw her in the library just

9、now.她這會(huì)不可能在家，因?yàn)槲覄倓傇趫D書館見到她了。couldcan的過去式，意為“能，會(huì)”，表示過去的能力Lang Lang could play the piano well when he was young.郎朗很小的時(shí)候鋼琴就彈得非常好。在疑問句中表示委婉的語氣Could I have one cup of tea？我可以要一杯茶嗎must表示主觀看法，意為“必須”You must finish your homework first.你首先必須完成你的家庭作業(yè)。表示有把握的推測(cè)，用于肯定句，表示“一定”The coat mustnt be Marys，because her na

10、me was on the coat.這個(gè)大衣肯定不是瑪麗的，她的大衣上面有她的名字。4引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞從屬連詞意義用法because因?yàn)榛卮饂hy引導(dǎo)的問句。since既然語氣比because弱，表示原因是對(duì)方已知的。as由于，因?yàn)檎Z氣比since弱，表示原因是對(duì)方已知的，一般放在主句之前，有時(shí)也可置于其后。should意為“應(yīng)該”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示勸告和建議We should protect the air fresh.我們應(yīng)該保持空氣清新。ought toYou ought to teach them carefully.你應(yīng)該耐心的教導(dǎo)他們。may表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意

11、為“可以”You may sit here if you want.如果你想的話，你可以坐在這兒。表示推測(cè)，常用于肯定句中，意為“可能，也許”She may come back tomorrow，but I am not sure.她可能明天來，但是我不確定。mightmay的過去式He asked if he might go home.他問他是否可以回家了。表示請(qǐng)求、許可，語氣比may更委婉Might I smoke here？我可以在這里吸煙嗎？表示推測(cè)，常用于肯定句，意為“可能、也許”(可能性比may小)It might rain tomorrow.明天可能有雨。need表示需要，主要

12、用于否定句和疑問句中You neednt say sorry to him.你不需要對(duì)他說對(duì)不起。2常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否定形式用法例句cant表示推測(cè)，意為“不可能”Lily cant be at home because I saw her go out just now.莉莉不可能在家，因?yàn)槲铱吹剿齽倓偝鋈チ?。mustnt意為“一定不要，不允許”You mustnt play football on the road.不允許在馬路上踢足球。shouldnt意為“不應(yīng)該”We shouldnt waste water.我們不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)水資源。neednt意為“不需要”Must

13、 I finish my homework now？No，you neednt.我必須現(xiàn)在完成我的家庭作業(yè)嗎？不，你不需要。had better not意為“最好不要”You had better not smoke，its bad for your health.你最好不要吸煙了，它對(duì)你的身體不好?！究键c(diǎn)直擊2】1What about going swimming this afternoon?You _be joking！Dont you know Im afraid of water？(2015，龍東)Amay Bcan Cmust2You _tell anybody about thi

14、sits a secret.(2015，張家界)Acan Bmust Cmustnt3Must I practice the violin now，mom？(2015，六盤水)No，you _You can go out for a walk.Amustnt Bshouldnt Ccant DneedntCCD4Whos singing in the garden？(2015，丹東)It _be Tom.He always practices singing at this time.Acant BneedCmust Dmustnt5We _wait until the traffic lig

15、ht turns green when we cross the road.(2015，淮安)Amust Bcan Cneed Dmay6The winner of the race is a tall and thin boy with glasses.Then it _be my friend，Mike，who looks very fat.(2015，營口)Amight Bcant Ccould DmustCAB7The girl in the classroom _be Mary.She called me from Beijing just now.(2015，貴港)Amustnt

16、Bneednt Cshouldnt Dcant8Whose book is this？(2015，莆田)It _Amys.Well，her name is on the cover of the book.Amust be Bcant be Cmustnt beDA動(dòng)詞短語 動(dòng)語短語分類1動(dòng)詞副詞add up加起來；break out爆發(fā)；carry on堅(jiān)持下去，繼續(xù)下去；clean up清除，收拾干凈；clear up收拾，(天氣)放晴；come back回來，想起來；come down落下來；cut down砍倒；cut off切斷；cut up切碎；eat up吃光，吃完；fall b

17、ehind落在后面，輸給別人；find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明；get along取得進(jìn)展；get together聚會(huì)，聯(lián)歡；get up起床；give away分發(fā)，贈(zèng)送；give back歸還，送回；give out分發(fā)，用完，耗盡；give up放棄；go away走開，離去；grow up長大成人，成長；hand out分發(fā)；hold on堅(jiān)持，(打電話)別掛斷；keep on繼續(xù)(進(jìn)行)；let in讓進(jìn)來，放進(jìn)；look ahead向前看；look up查找；pay back償還(借款等)；pick up撿起，開車接，學(xué)會(huì)；point out指出，標(biāo)明；put off推遲；put on

18、穿，戴上，上演；put up舉起，張貼；start off出發(fā)；stay up熬夜；take off脫下，起飛；turn down聲音調(diào)小；turn off關(guān)閉；wake up喚醒，醒來；watch out當(dāng)心；work out算出2動(dòng)詞介詞agree with贊同，同意(某人的看法)；arrive at/in到達(dá)；ask for請(qǐng)求，詢問；base on以為依據(jù)；belong to屬于；break into破門而入；call for需要，呼吁；care for在乎，關(guān)心；come from來自；deal with處理，對(duì)付；depend on/upon依靠，相信，依賴；get over克服；

19、get to到達(dá)；go by走過，經(jīng)過；go over仔細(xì)檢查，復(fù)習(xí)；knock at敲；laugh at嘲笑；learn from向?qū)W習(xí)；look after照顧；look at看，觀看；look for尋找；look like看起來像；pass by經(jīng)過；point to指向；quarrel with(和某人)爭(zhēng)吵；stand for代表(某事物)，支持；stick to堅(jiān)持；talk about談?wù)摚h論；think about考慮；think of想起，想出，認(rèn)為；wait for等待3動(dòng)詞副詞介詞add up to加起來，總計(jì)；catch up with趕上；come up with

20、想出；get along with相處；go on with繼續(xù)進(jìn)行；keep away from遠(yuǎn)離；keep up with跟上；和保持聯(lián)系；look down on/upon看不起；look forward to盼望；look out of朝外看；make up of由組成，構(gòu)成；run out of耗盡【注意】對(duì)于動(dòng)詞副詞類的短語，如果是名詞作賓語，那么這個(gè)名詞既可以放在短語之間也可以放在短語的后面，但是如果是代詞作賓語，則代詞一定要放在短語之間。如：He turned off all the lights when he left.當(dāng)他離開時(shí)，他關(guān)上了所有的燈。He picked i

21、t up and gave it to me.他撿起它，然后把它交給了我?！究键c(diǎn)直擊3】1I really need to take more exercise because Im _weight.(2015，杭州)Aputting off Bputting onCputting down Dputting away2Helen is going to work in an old peoples home to help _the old people.(2015，菏澤改編)Alook forward to Blook afterClook throughBB3We have to _th

22、e bike ride because of the bad weather.(2015，濟(jì)寧)Aput off Bturn offCtake off Dget off4I _my fathers wet shoes and washed his feet.(2015，株洲)Atook out Btook offCtook place5Where is your father，Helen？(2015，揚(yáng)州)He is trying to _a new shower in the bathroom.Aput out Bput inCput through Dput downDBB6The ene

23、rgy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never _(2015，泰州)Acome out Bput outCcarry out Drun out7Do you know our new manager？(2015，蘇州)Yes.He _to be a friend of my brother.Aturns up Bturns onCturns out Dturns off8Whats wrong with you，Eric？You look tired.I _to prepare for the final exam last

24、night.(2015，安順)Apicked up Bwoke upCput up Dstayed upDCD1When I got to the bus stop，I missed the early bus and I had to _the next one.(2015，德州)Agive up Bkeep offCcall off Dwait for2While I was away from my home last year，I always _my family.(2015，菏澤)Aguessed BthoughtCmissed3More and more children in

25、the countryside are _school at an early age to look for work in the cities.(2015，菏澤)Agoing to Bleaving CbeginningDCB4Dear sister，does the TV show Dad comes back _our father？(2015，自貢)Sure，Dad has been away for about ten years.Alet you down Bhelp you outCremind you of5Whats wrong with Simon？He isnt at

26、 school today.His legs hurt.He was _by a motorcycle this morning.(2015，南京)Atreated BhitCoperated Dcured6Youd better _the test paper before handing it in.(2015，宜賓)Ago ahead Bgo onCgo off Dgo overCBD7Its too noisy outside.I cant fall asleep.Neither can IWe have to _new ways to solve the problem.(2015，

27、涼山)Acome up with Bend up withCmake up with Dcatch up with8Jenny，I hear there will be an art club in our school.Wonderful！I cant wait to _it.(2015，溫州)Arepeat BforgetCreceive Djoin9Mom is making dinner.It _so nice！(2015，濱州)Asmells BtastesCfeels DsoundsADA10Susan _her friends invitation because of an i

28、mportant meeting.(2015，濱州)Atook down Bput downCturned down Dwrote down11The exam is over and results will be _on Friday afternoon.(2015，泰安)Aput down Bput offCput up Dput away12They walked home last night because they couldnt _to take a taxi.(2015，重慶A)Aleave Bbuy Cafford DallowCCC13The new sweater I

29、bought for my grandma _soft. She likes it very much.(2015，濰坊)Alooks BsmellsCtastes Dfeels14Dreams are beautiful.However，to _them needs lots of time and work.(2015，安徽)Adiscover BfindCachieve Dstop15We planned to meet at 10：30 at the station last Sunday，but Bob didnt _until 12：00.(2015，安徽)Aturn up Bgi

30、ve upCstay up Dgrow upDCA16A father in the UK has _a wonderful idea to send his kids to school on time.He takes his sons to their school in a white tank (坦克)(2015，臨沂)Alooked up to Bmade upCcome up with Dshown up17She _tennis in the school team.Now she is a professional tennis player.(2015，威海)Ais use

31、d to play Bis used to playingCused to play18Fresh food is good for you.But you have to _it first because sometimes it is a little dirty.(2015，江西)Ataste Bsmell Cwash DplantCCC19How is Tom now?I hear the company _him a good job，but he refused it.(2015，呼和浩特)Aprovided BofferedCpassed Dintroduced20The bo

32、y has a good habit to _all the things in right places.(2015，呼和浩特)Aput away Bput upCtake away Dtake up21She realized she was wrong and _the argument.(2015，內(nèi)江)Acheered up Bput upCtook up Dgave upBAD22Sportsmen wanted to arrive earlier so that they could have time to _before the race.(2015，聊城)Awarm up

33、Bhurry upCget up Dgive up23The company can _lunch for you if you work there.(2015，聊城)Afeed BprovideChave Deat24Lao Shes Teahouse _the changes in Chinese society over fifty years.(2015，天津)Adescribes BimprovesCprepares DcorrectsABA25Yunnan is beautiful and Im _visiting it again.(2015，天津)Akeeping clear

34、 of Bsuffering fromClooking forward to Drunning away from26Your mother _younger than she is.Thank you for saying so.(2015，重慶B)Alooks Blistens Csees Dhears27Its getting dark.Would you please _the light？(2015，重慶B)Aget on Bget offCturn on Dturn offCAC28Helen encouraged me to speak English as much as po

35、ssible because practice _perfect.(2015，鹽城)Abecomes BbecameCwill make Dmakes29Hey，turn it off，please！We dont _music in the reading room.Oh，Im sorry，sir.I wont do it again.(2015，日照)Aallow Bhear Cenjoy Dlike30When Liu Xiang announced that he would _running forever，he burst into tears.(2015，日照)Agive awa

36、y Bgive upCgive out Dgive inDAB31The movie is so interesting that I dont )_seeing it again tomorrow.(2015，青島)Aenjoy Bmind Ckeep Dfinish32The boy is sleeping.Please _the radio.(2015，益陽)Aturn up Bturn offCturn on33I need to _with some ways of getting money or Ill have to stop.(2015，綿陽)Apick up Bcome u

37、pCtake up Dset upBBB34Mike _reading playing computer games.(2015，眉山)Aprefers；than Bprefers；toCwould rather；than Dwould rather；to35Can I _dictionary from you，Lucy?Sorry，I dont have one.(2015，遂寧)Aborrow Blend Clent36Nobody should _learning all his life.(2015，遂寧)Agive up Bgive outCgive awayBAA37It is n

38、ecessary for everyone to _a good habit of reading.(2015, 濟(jì)寧)Aenjoy Bchoose Cdevelop Daccept38The Apple Watch is very beautiful，but its too expensive.So I cant _it.(2015，武威)Asave BsupportCoffer Dafford39Its wellknown that learning English well _time and efforts.(2015，青海)Arequires Bwastes CtakesCDA40You have to be a fairly good speaker to _listeners interest for