新人教版八年級英語上1—10單元知識點復習(12頁)

1、八年級上冊1-10單元知識點歸類總結(jié)Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? （談?wù)摷倨谏?，一般過去時）一、習慣用法、搭配1. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 為某人買某物 2. taste + adj. 嘗起來3. nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都沒有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起來 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達某地6. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 7. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 / try to

2、do sth. 盡力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 開始做某事 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起來 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事14. Why not do sth. 為什么不做.呢？ 15. so + adj + that + 從句 如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要） 做某事 17. keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事18. forget

3、 to do sth. 忘記去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘記做過某事19.  What a/an + adj.+ n(單)+主+謂！或 What + adj. +n（復不）+主+謂！     How+ adj. +主+謂（聯(lián)系動詞）！或  How + adv+主+謂（實義動詞）！二、知識點講解1. something interesting有趣的東西 1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代詞。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nob

4、ody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代詞。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地點的不定代詞。2）當形容詞修飾不定代詞、不定副詞時，放于這些詞的后面； something special; somewhere wonderful.3）不定代詞、不定副詞做主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Is everybody here? 大家都到齊了嗎？ 4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示請求或建議的疑問句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句

5、、疑問句及條件狀語從句中。如：Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事嗎？（表疑問）2.提建議的句子： What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/

6、I go shopping?3. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是“到達“的意思get to+地點=reach+地點= arrive at+地點（?。?arrive in+地點（大）注意：若他們后面要加地點副詞here, there, home等，則不需要加介詞。4.nothing.but.意為“除.之外； 只有”，后接動詞原形。如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看電視什么也沒干。 5. feel like 意為：“感受到；摸起來”，后跟賓語從句或名詞、動名詞。如：I felt like I was

7、 a bird. 我感覺我是一只鳥。 It feels like a stone. 它摸起來像一塊石頭。 feel like doing sth.意為“想做某事”。如：I feel like eating.我想吃東西。6. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做;樂意做 enjoy oneself 過得愉快 =have fun/have a good time.7.Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然沒有人感到煩悶。1）seem意為“好像；似乎；看來”，是個連系動詞，構(gòu)成的短語有： seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： They seem to

8、 talk in class. 他們似乎上課說話。 seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如：He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。 It seems that + 從句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。其他表示狀態(tài)的系動詞有：feel(覺得）; keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看來像.）;smell（聞起來）sound（聽起來）taste（嘗起來）-后面接形容詞2）bored 作形容詞，意為“煩悶的；厭倦的”其主語是某人； 而boring 也是形容詞，其主語是

9、某物。 bored (adj)，意為“感到厭倦的、無聊的”,其主語是某人；（人ed物ing） boring(adj)，意為“令人厭倦的、無聊的”其主語是某物。 如：I got bored with the boring work. 我對這無聊的工作感到厭倦。相類似的詞語還有： interested adj. 感興趣的 nteresting adj. 有趣的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲憊的surprised adj. 感到驚奇的 surprising adj. 驚奇的 amazed 驚訝的 amazing 令人驚訝的excited 興奮的 exciting 令人興奮/激動的8. de

10、cide（v）決定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth. decision(n) decide on doing sth. 決定做某事如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。9. Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. 1） because of + 名詞/代詞/名短 I had to move because of my job. 因為工作的原因 because +從句 如：I

11、 do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因為我喜歡。10.enough 足夠的（名前形后）如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。 She is not old enough to go to school. 她年齡不夠，不能去上學。11.a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別 a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者都表肯定意義 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar

12、 in the bottle. few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little 少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者都表否定意義 如：He has few friends. 他沒有幾個朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.Unit2 How often do you exercise? （談?wù)撋盍晳T，一般現(xiàn)在時）一、習慣用法、搭配1. help sb. with sth 幫助某人做某事 2. How about? =What about? .怎么樣？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事 4. Its + adj.+ to d

13、o sth. 做某事是.的5. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度過時光 6. ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問某事7. by doing sth. 通過做某事 8 start doing sth. 開始做某事 9. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式三、知識點講解1 go shopping 意為“去購物”。Go+ v- ing : 表示進行某項活動。如：Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking 2.頻率副詞：表示次數(shù)、頻率的副詞稱為頻度副詞。一般在實

14、義動詞之前，be 動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后 常用的頻度副詞按高低依次為 always > usually > sometimes > seldom > hadly ever > never 100% 80% 60% 30% 10% 0% 辨析 (1).sometimes: 有時候；sometime：某時；some times：許多次/倍; some time: 一段時間hard(2). hardly(adv): 幾乎不 硬的；困難的；嚴厲的；勤奮的 a hard writer 努力地； 猛烈地 study/rain hard 3.how often表示“多久一次

15、”，是對動作的頻率進行提問。其回答通常有： 頻率副詞： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, neverhow often 次數(shù)時間段: 如：once or twice a weekevery 時間段: every day (每天) 區(qū)別：everyday（每天的；日常的）注意：表示“一次或兩次”時，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一個月一次)而表示“三次或以上”時，則用“數(shù)詞times”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：five times a year (一年五次)full4 . “滿的；飽的” be full of : Th

16、e bottle is full of water. 瓶子里裝滿了水。 “忙的”=busy He had a full life 5She says its good for my health. 她說那對我的健康有益。（1）be good for：“對有好處”。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health.（2）be good at：“擅長于” 如：He is good at playing football.(3) be good to sb./sth: “對好” 如：The old woman is good to us. (4) be good to

17、 do sth.: “適合；宜于” 如：The water is good to drink. (5) be good with: “與相處好” 如： The teacher is good with his students.6go online = use the Internet ：上網(wǎng) 7. more than two hours=over two hours:超過 8. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康9. ask sb. to do : 叫做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the

18、 classroom. ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. ask sb. about sth. : 問某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities. ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求 如：ask teacher for help 10. help sb. with sth. 如：They help me with this problem. 他們幫助你解決這個問題。 help sb.（to

19、）do. 如：They help you (to) solve this problem. 他們幫助你解決這個問題。11. (n) 驚訝: to ones surprise 令某人驚訝的是 in surprise 驚訝地 surprise be surprised at sth. 對 感到意外 (v) 使驚奇、意外： be surprised to do sth. 驚訝做某事 be surprised that + 從句 如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news.12. although(conj):“盡管

20、；雖然”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，同義詞有though, 不能與but同時使用。如： Although theyre neighbors, they dont play together. = Theyre neighbors, but they dont play together. 盡管他們是鄰居，但是他們不在一起玩。13. maybe (adv): 也許，大概 (Maybe) he (maybe) knows it. May + v(原)：也許，大概 He may know it.如：Maybe he is at home.= He maybe is at home.= He may be at

21、home. 14. You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.spend 度過（時間） 如：spend the weekend with family 花費（時間、錢）spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花費時間或金錢做某事 如：He spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.（V-ing) 同義句：He spent 20 yuan on the magazine. He paid 20 yuan for the magazine. I

22、t took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine.（動詞用不定式）15. find + 賓語 + 形容詞， 發(fā)現(xiàn)： He found the room dirty.find +it +形容詞+to do sth. I found it difficult to work out this math problem.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister（談?wù)撌挛飳Ρ龋?形容詞比較級）一、習慣用法、搭配1. have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的樂趣 2. want to do sth. 想要做某事3. as + 形

23、容詞或副詞的原級 + as 與一樣 4. be good at doing sth 擅長做某事5. make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事6. Its+ 形容詞 + for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說，做某事是的語法：形容詞和副詞的比較級一、含義1. 大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級: 如talltaller - tallest2. 比較級：表示兩者(人或物)之間的比較。3. 加more/most 的情況：部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞4. 雙寫的詞：一個大熱天，一個胖子和一個瘦子穿著紅衣服，汗?jié)窳耍軅摹?big hot fat thin red wet s

24、ad二比較級基本句型： 連系動詞+ adj.（比） 如： Lucy is slower than Lily.1主語+謂語動詞+adj./adv（比）+ than+ 對比成分實義動詞+ adv./ （比） 如：Lucy runs more slowly than Lily.2. 主語必須與對比成分保持一致：Her hair is longer than yours.(your hair) 同級比較 3 as+adj./adv.(原級)+as : “如同一樣” 否定： not as/so+adj./adv.(原級)+as : “不如一樣”4比較級and比較級：越來越 e.g. They talke

25、d more and more loudly. 越來越美麗more and more beautiful越來越好better and better 越來越健康heavier and heavier5. The比較級,the比較級：越就越 The more exercise you do, the stronger youll be.6. “Which / Who is + 比較級， A or B？” e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?7. the+比較級+of the（ two ） : 兩者中較的一個 e.g.Of the tw

26、ins, she was the more hard-working .注意： 1. 原級常與very, as，so, too, quite，pretty, really等連用。 2. 比較級常與much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等連用. 3. Than 后的比較狀語結(jié)構(gòu): e.g. He runs faster than me/ I (do).二、知識點講解1. look like : 看起來像（外貌） She is pretty tall. be like: 像（性格，外貌） He is outgoing/ serious. 使顯現(xiàn)

27、；使表現(xiàn)出： The dress brings out the color of her skin. 2.bring out 生產(chǎn)；出版： The factory brings out a new kind of car. 激發(fā)出某人最好/最差的品質(zhì). bring out the best/worst in sb. 3both：兩個都；用在實動之前，其它動詞之后 You are both too young. They both speak English.Both of .+名詞復數(shù) 如： Both of the flowers are beautiful. 兩朵花都很漂亮。 bothand

28、兩者都 反義詞組：neithernor兩者都不注意：all：都（三者或三者以上）; either:兩者中任一個；every：每個（三者或三者以上） 4. She made me laugh and feel better. ( laugh at sb. 笑話；取笑某人) make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 make+賓語+形容詞: 使某人/某事怎樣 如： His words make us happy. 5. Its not easy for me to make friends. (make friends with s

29、b. 與.交朋友) Its+形容詞+ for sb.+ to do sth.: 某人做某事怎么樣. (It是形式主語，to do sth.是真正主語) 6. 辨析：win與beat win表示“贏得；獲勝”，用作及物動詞時，其賓語為比賽的項目、獎品或戰(zhàn)爭等。 E.g. We won the basketball game. beat表示“打贏；戰(zhàn)勝”，用于比賽時，其賓語為所戰(zhàn)勝的對手。Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater? （談?wù)撌挛锉容^，形容詞最高級） 一、習慣用法、搭配1、Can I ask you some. 2、How do you like. 你認為

30、怎么樣= What do you think of .3、Thanks for doing sth. 4、watch sb do sth 觀看某人做某事5、play a role in doing sth.發(fā)揮做某事的作用 6、one of +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) .之一語法：形容詞和副詞的最高級一、含義1. 大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級: badly worse - worst2. 最高級：表示三者或三者以上(人或物)之間的比較。（最高級前勿忘the）二最高級基本句型結(jié)構(gòu) 系動詞+ the+adj.(最) of + 同類 ( of all/us.) 1. 主語 + 謂語動詞

31、+ the + adj./adv.(最) + 實義動詞+ (the)+ adv.(最） in + 范圍 (in China.)如：Tara is the youngest of all. Linda draws (the) most carefully in her class. 注：1. 副詞的最高級前可省略 “the”： 如：sit (the) most comfortably 坐得最舒適 2. 最高級前有其它的限定詞時，不加“the”： my best friend 2. Which / Who +the + 最高級, A, B or C ? e.g. Which do you like

32、 (the) best, apples, pears or oranges? 3. one of +the +最高級（形）+名（復）： “最之一”。 e.g. Jack Chen is one of the most famous actors in the world. 4. the + 序數(shù)詞+最高級（形）+名（單）：e.g. Hainan is the second largest island in China. 三原級、比較級、最高級的相互轉(zhuǎn)換 1、原級與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換：比較級+than not.as/so.as.e.g. He speaks more loudly than me.

33、I dont speak as/so loudly as he/him. 2、比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換： the other +名（復） （在范圍之內(nèi)） the+最高級 比較級+than+ any other+名（單） e.g. Jim is the tallest student in our class.Jim is taller than any other student in our class.Jim is taller than the other students in our class.二、知識點講解1. Thats up to you to decide. 那由你決定。 be

34、 up to sb.( to decide.) 由某人決定 be up to (doing) sth. 勝任；適合 如：He isnt up to watching the flowers. 2. Whatup?= What wrong?= Whats the matter? 怎么哪？3.whats more: 另外；還有 ；再者 whats worse: 更糟糕的是4.thanks for (doing) sth. = thank sb. for (doing) sth. 感謝某人做某事5No problem. 1). 不客氣；（回答感謝） 2）、沒關(guān)系（回答道歉）3). 沒問題（回答請求）

35、6Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents. 看其他人展示他們的才藝總是有趣的。watch/see/hear/feel/find/notice(注意) + sb. do sth. ( 經(jīng)常或已發(fā)生) doing sth. ( 某次或正在發(fā)生) 如：I often hear her sing. (經(jīng)常) I saw her come into the classroom. (已發(fā)生) I saw them playing basketball yesterday. ( 某次或正在發(fā)生)7. 全世界： aroun

36、d the world = in the world = all over the world.8When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner. 當人們看節(jié)目的時候，他們通常扮演著決定獲勝者的角色role play a role in . 在.扮演角色/起作用 如：play an important role in the family play a role of . 扮演.角色 如：play a role of a reporter 9. have a talent for (doin

37、g) sth. ：有.的天賦 He has a talent for painting.poor 10. 貧窮的；可憐的 如: She is such a poor girl that she cant buy a toy. 糟糕的；質(zhì)量差的 如: Im poor in English. He is in poor health. Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? （談?wù)搩?nèi)心想法，一般現(xiàn)在時）一、習慣用法、搭配1、let sb. do sth.讓某人做某事， 2、plan to do sth.計劃做某事，3、hope to do sth. 希望做某

38、事， 4、happen to do sth碰巧發(fā)生某事，5、expect to do sth. 期望做某事， 6.be ready to do sth.準備做某事7、How about doing？= What about? 做某事怎么樣？8、try ones best to do sth.=do ones best to do sth.盡力做某事，9. Different kinds of TV showstalk shows sitcoms news game shows talent shows sports showssoap operas Beijing Opera fashion

39、shows(時尚節(jié)目) comedy shows cartoon 10. Different kinds of movies:action movies scary movies（恐怖片） comedy romance(愛情片) science fiction（科幻片） tragedy（悲劇片） documentary（紀錄片） 11. a symbol of 的象征 12. in the 1930s 在二十世紀三十年代二、知識點講解1. disagree/ agree with sb. （不）同意某人的觀點或意見2. plan 計劃：make a plan to do sth.= plan

40、to do sth. 制定計劃做 stand 3. 站立：stand up 代表: stand for sth. Our flag stands for our country. 容忍（否）: cant stand (doing) sth. 如: I cant stand telling liesmind 4. (n) 頭腦；想法；心思 如: Out of sight, out of mind 眼不見，心不煩 (v) 介意；反對 mind doing sth. 如: Would you mind opening the window? hope (n)希望：如: He never gave u

41、p his hope.5. (v)希望： hope to do sth. ; hope +that從句.I hope so. 我希望如此。 I hope not. 我不希望如此。 wish 6 但愿（虛擬）： wish +that從句. 如: I wish that I were a bird. 希望： wish（sb.） to do sth. 如: Do you really wish me to go? 7. find 找到;發(fā)現(xiàn) 如: I found a wallet lying on the ground. 認為；發(fā)覺 如: I found it necessary to take e

42、xercise. find out ：查明；弄清楚 如: Youd better find out who broke the window. look for ：尋找 如: They looked for it everywhere, but they didnt find it. 8We had a discussion about TV shows. 我們討論了電視節(jié)目。 discussion(n); discuss(v)have a discussion about sth. = discuss (about) sth. 討論 with sb. = discuss with sb. 與

43、 討論 9You can expect to learn a lot/ much from sitcoms. 你能期望從情景喜劇中學到很多。expect 1). 期望；盼望：expect sth/that+從句: I expect the result.expect (sb. )to do sth. I expect (you) to win the game. 預料；認為：I expect that he will come soon. 2). learn from ：從中學到 ; learn from ：向?qū)W習10. famous be famous for.: 因（技能；特色）出名 Ed

44、ison was famous for his inventions有名的；著名的 be famous as.: 因（身份；產(chǎn)地）出名 He is famous as a magacian.11. 出來；花開；發(fā)芽 ： Its wonderful to watch the stars come out at night. come out (書刊、產(chǎn)品等）上市；發(fā)行：His new record（唱片）came out last week. (秘密；真相）傳出；大白： The truth will come out sooner or later.12. He become very rich

45、 and successful. 1). rich: 有錢的；豐富的 He is rich in experience. 他經(jīng)驗豐富 2). success (n):成功- succeed(v)取得成功-successful(adj)/ successfully(adv) 成功的13. luck（n） (adj) lucky/unlucky 幸運的/不幸的 good luck 祝你好運（事前） 運氣 (adv) luckily/unluckily 幸運地 /不幸地 bad luck 真倒霉 （事后）14. 失去；丟失 such as losing his girlfriend lose /lo

46、st 迷失(方向、路) lose the way 輸?shù)?（比賽） lose the game ; lose to sb : 輸給某人 15. ready be ready to do sth. 準備/樂于做. ;be ready for sth. 為.做準備16. take ones place = take the place of sb. : 代替；替換 take place : 發(fā)生(happen) Unit 6 Im going to study computer science (談?wù)勆畹哪繕?，一般將來時)一般將來時 1. 含義：一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，

47、也表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作，常與tomorrow,   next month, the day after tomorrow, at once, in the future, soon, 等表示將來的時間狀語連用. 2. 結(jié)構(gòu): 1) will（助動詞）+動詞原形 （第一人稱常用shall） 2) be going to +動詞原形 1). 否定： 一加二改 ： 一加（助動詞 + not ）; 二改 （some 改為 any ）1). He will visit you tomorrow. - He wont visit you

48、tomorrow. (wont = will not) 2). Theyre going to buy some food. - They arent going to buy any food. 2). 一般疑問：把（will / be）提 到句首；把some改為any、句號改為問好；讀升調(diào) 1). Will he visit you tomorrow? - Yes, he will. / No, he wont. 2). Are they going to buy any food? - Yes , they are. / No, they arent. 3. 辨析：從不嚴格的語法角度而言 ，be going to與 will二者可以互換， 但： 1）be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷及將要發(fā)生的事情，或含有“計劃，準備”的意思。 2）will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。 He will be twenty years old next month. 4注意： 1). come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移動的動詞常用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來：He is arriving at 8 oclock tomorrow. 2). There be 句型的一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)為： There is/are goi