Functions - 河南大學(xué)精品課程網(wǎng)

1、維生素與輔酶Vitamin And Cofactors of Enzymecontents l introductionl Water-soluble Vitamins l Lipid-soluble Vitamins 1 Introduction lVitamins are essential nutrients that are required in the diet, usually in trace amounts, because they cannot be synthesized by the organism itself. lNecessary for maintenanc

2、e of growth, health, metabolic homeostasis. lDietary deficiency cause diseases -penia s lFat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, and K lWater-soluble vitamins: B complex vitamins, Folic acid and ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C. Co-enzymes that participate in group transferVitamin B1Antineuritic 抗神經(jīng)炎抗神

3、經(jīng)炎Vitamin B2Antistomatoglossic 抗口舌炎抗口舌炎Vitamin B6Pyridoxal 抗皮膚炎抗皮膚炎Vitamin B12Anti-pernicious anaemia 抗惡性貧抗惡性貧血血Vitamin PP（ B5） Anti-pellagra 抗癩皮病抗癩皮病 Pantothenic acid(B3) Anti-keratic 抗皮膚角膜炎抗皮膚角膜炎Biotin （ B7）生物素）生物素Anti-seborrhea 抗皮脂溢出抗皮脂溢出Folic acid 葉酸葉酸 Vitamin CAnti-anemia 抗貧血抗貧血 antiscorbutic 抗

4、壞血病抗壞血病Water-soluble Vitamins 2.1 Vitamin Aretinols VA2 dehydroretinolVA1 retinolRetinol retinal retinoic acid l4 identified types: D2, D3, D4, D5 Most important of which are: lD2(麥角鈣化醇麥角鈣化醇ergocalciferol) lD3(膽鈣化醇膽鈣化醇 cholecaciferol) To promotes Ca, P intake and osteogenesis lActive type: 2.2 Vitam

5、in D (anti- osteomalacia ) Active form 1，25-二羥膽鈣化醇二羥膽鈣化醇lParticipate in modulation of Ca-P balance (absorption, mobilization, osteogenesis and renal reuptake) lElevate blood phosphorus and calcium concentration lPromote osteogenesis/ calcification l 母育酚（母育酚（tocol） -生育酚（生育酚（-tocopherol，5,7,8-trimethy

6、ltocol） -生育酚（生育酚（-tocopherol，5,8-dimethyltocol） -生育酚（生育酚（-tocopherol，7,8-dimethyltocol） -生育酚（生育酚（-tocopherol，8-methyltocol） 2-生育酚（生育酚（2-tocopherol，5,7-dimethyltocol） -生育酚（生育酚（- tocopherol，7-methyltocol） -生育酚（生育酚（-tocopherol） 1-生育酚（生育酚（1-tocopherol）structure lPlant oil lBeans lvegetables Sourses:- Co

7、nstitute of an amino pyrimidine ring and a sulfur-containing thiazole ring lActive form in vivo: l 焦磷酸硫胺素焦磷酸硫胺素TPP( thiamine pyrophosphate)3.1 Vitamin B1* pyrimidine ring thiazole ringStructure Functions lProperites: easy soluble in water, acidic. stable in acidic solution vulnerable to neutral and

8、alkalic condition lSources: Plant: cereals, beans Yeast lUnit 1IU3g pure VB1 hydrochloride Structure Strong oxidant that is reduced by 1 or 2 atoms: H transfer 3.5 VB6 磷酸吡哆醛磷酸吡哆醛 磷酸吡哆胺磷酸吡哆胺(1) Transamination Functions(2) Decarboxylation lpterolyglutamic acid(PGA)3.7 Folic acid (Vit. B11)& CoF （1）tetrahydrofolate (CoF、FH4、THFA): Coenzyme of singel-carbon metablism Functions (2) FH4 particip